Seyfullin, Saken

Born on October 15, 1894 in a nomadic aul in Akmola district (now Karaganda region ). Comes from the Tok subgenus of the Kuandyk clan of the Argyn tribe . ^[1] .

Education

From 1905 to 1908 he studied at the Russian-Kazakh school at the Spassky smelter . Then he studied at the Akmola primary parish school and at the Akmola three-year city school. In addition, in 1912 he taught the Russian language to students of Muslim madrassas . On August 21, 1913, Seyfullin entered the Omsk teacher's seminary, where he studied with Magzhan Zhumabaev .

In the November issue (No. 21), Haykap magazine published its first article. Since that time, the Omsk secret police has become interested in him.

In 1914 he became one of the leaders of the first cultural and educational society of Kazakh youth “Birlik” (“Unity”) in Omsk . Also in this society, his associates were Zhanaydar Saduakasov, Nygymet Nurmakov, Abylkhayyr Dosov and Shaimerden Alzhanov.

In 1914, a collection of his poems “кtken kinder” (“Past Days”) was published.

In 1916 he worked in the commission on correspondence of property of 12 volosts of Akmola district. Then he wrote the poem "Excitement", dedicated to the unrest of the Kazakh people in 1916 .

From the first of September 1916 he was a teacher at the Bugulinsky school, in the basis of which he took a direct part.

March 9, 1917 he moved to Akmolinsk, where he wrote a poem, greeting the February Revolution, "We hastily assembled on a campaign."

In April 1917 he created the socio-political and cultural society “ Zhas Kazak ” (“Young Kazakh”). In July 1917, Saken participated in the publication of the newspaper Tirshіlіk (Life).

Since September, he taught three-month teaching courses at the new Russian-Kazakh school in Akmolinsk.

Immediately after the Great October Socialist Revolution, S. Seyfullin wrote the poem “Anu-ka, Dzhigits!”, Which is considered the first work of Kazakh Soviet literature. December 27, 1917 established Soviet power in Akmolinsk. He was elected a member of the Presidium of the Akmola Council of Deputies and was appointed People's Commissar of Education. In February, he was admitted to the RCP (b) . On May 1, 1918, the premiere of the play based on the play by S. Seifullin “Baityt Zholyna” (“On the Way to Happiness”) took place.

Civil War

When the White Guard coup occurred in Akmolinsk on June 4, 1918, Seyfullin was arrested and on January 5, 1919 was sent with a stage from Akmola prison to Petropavlovsk . He was placed in the "death car" of Ataman Annenkov , where he spent 47 days (January 24 - March 12) ^[2] . In Omsk, he was able to escape from Kolchak prison (April 3) and by July reached his native village. Two months later he was forced to flee to Auliye-Ata .

Post-Civil War Activities

But already on May 7, 1920 he returned to Akmolinsk liberated by the Red Army and was appointed assistant head of the administrative department of the Revolutionary Committee (Revolutionary Committee).

At the Congress of Soviets on July 26, he was elected a member of the Executive Committee and appointed Deputy Chairman of the Akmola Executive Committee of the Council of People's Deputies, heads the administrative department, and on October 12 was elected a member of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the Kyrgyz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic .

In November, he attended the VIII Congress of Soviets and listened to the report of V.I. Lenin on the GOELRO plan . In 1921, a member of the emergency commission on the accession of the Akmola and Semipalatinsk regions to the Kyrgyz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.

On June 13, 1922 he was appointed Deputy People's Commissar of Education of the Republic and editor of the republican newspaper " Enbekshі Kazak " ("Labor Kazakh") (later called "Socialist Kazakhstan" ).

However, already in December 1922, the III Congress of the Kyrgyz (Kazakh) Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic of the RSFSR was elected chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the republic (head of the government of Kazakhstan).

Despite his busyness, he continued to write poetry and in 1922 he published a collection of poems Asau Telpar (The Indomitable Horse) and the drama Kyzyl Sarlar (The Red Falcons).

December 23-30, 1922 - a delegate to the 10th Congress of the Soviets of the RSFSR and the All-Union Constituent Congress of Soviets of the USSR, which proclaimed the creation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was elected a member of the CEC.

In April 1923, he was a delegate to the XII Congress of the RCP (B.) .

On November 22, the Presidium of the Kyrgyz (Kazakh) CEC (Parliament), on the basis of the decision of the XII Congress of the RCP (b), adopted a resolution on conducting paperwork in the Kazakh language.

Excerpts of the historical and memorial novel The Thorny Path appear in the journal Kyzyl Kazakhstan (Red Kazakhstan) and the poem Lenin.

After the death of Vladimir Lenin, Seyfullin went to Moscow and led the Kazakh delegation at the funeral. After his article was published in Izvestia, V. I. Lenin and the awakening East. ”

April 7, 1925 was appointed chairman of the academic center at Kaznarkompros . Thus began his decline in his career ( with the coming from the center of Goloshchekin as head of Kazakhstan ).

The poem “Sovetstan” was published.

In May 1926, he was appointed head of the Eastpart Kazkraikom VKP (b).

In December 1926 he married, his wife was Gulbaram Batyrbekova.

In 1927 he was appointed rector of the Kzyl-Orda Institute of Public Education. The anthology “Zhyl Ksty” (“The First Swallow”), composed of works by Kazakh writers edited by S. Seifullin, was published.

Since May 1928, he was a lecturer at the Tashkent Kazakh Pedagogical Institute, the head of the literary association of Kazakh youth, and the head of the Kazakh Institute of Education ^[3] . Since August 1929, assistant professor of Kazakh literature at the Kazakh Pedagogical Institute.

Saken begins collecting samples of Kazakh oral art and literature. In 1932, the first part of his history of Kazakh literature was published as a textbook for university students. 1931 - publication of excerpts from the satirical novel Our Life.

At the beginning of 1934, Saken Seyfullin, together with other representatives of the Kazakh intelligentsia, began working at the Kazakh Research Institute of National Culture. At that time, within the walls of the institute there was integration and coordination of all research work in the field of national cultural construction, generalization and compilation of the results of scientific research into a single database, building the foundation of the cultural policy of the Kazakh SSR. Currently, the Institute has been reorganized as the Kazakh Research Institute of Culture .

Under the leadership of Saken Seyfullin, sectors began to be created in the structure - historical and archaeological; literature and folklore; linguistics (for the study of Kazakh, Uyghur and Dungan languages); fine arts; music and choreography; theater and cinema. Other prominent scientists worked at the Institute: a prominent Kazakh orientalist and statesman Sanzhar Asfendiyarov; one of the founders of Kazakh linguistics, Turkologist, teacher, professor Khudaibergen Zhubanov; enlightener Konyrkhozha Khodzhikov; great writer, classic of Kazakh literature Mukhtar Auezov; Turkologist, Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR Ismet Kenesbaev; one of the founders of Kazakh linguistics, researcher of Kazakh philology Sarsen Amanzholov. During this period, the first generalizing works on the problems of Kazakh linguistics and literary criticism were created, the sources of which were Saken Seyfullin, Akhmet Baitursynov and Khudaibergen Zhubanov.

On June 12, 1934, three months before the opening of the first congress of writers of the USSR, the First Congress of Writers of the Autonomous Kazakh Republic (which was part of the Russian Federation at that time) was held, which united all reliable writers into the Union of Soviet Writers of Kazakhstan. Opening remarks Saken Seyfullin pronounced as the founder of the Union. The first chairman was elected Ilyas Dzhansugurov .

In August-September 1934 he participated in the First All-Union Congress of Soviet Writers .

Since September 1934 - professor at the Kazakh Communist Institute of Journalism.

In 1935, the poem Socialist and the novel Aisha were published. He participated in the decade of Kazakh literature and art in Moscow.

In 1936, the first of Kazakh writers was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor.

September 24, 1937 arrested by the NKVD of the KSSR. Sentenced February 25, 1938 under articles 58-2, 58-7, 58-8, 58-11 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR ^[4] . Shot on April 25, 1938 at 16 hours 40 minutes as an “enemy of the people” in one of the NKVD prisons in Alma-Ata ^[5] . March 21, 1957 rehabilitated by the Military College of the Supreme Court of the USSR for the lack of corpus delicti.

• Seifullin's father and brother were arrested and shot in 1937 ^[5] .
• Wife: Seyfulina, Gulbaram Batyrbekovna. Born in 1908, in the Karaganda region, Nurinsky district; Kazakh nationality; primary education; She lived in the Alma-Ata region, the city of Alma-Ata. Arrested on April 9, 1938 by the NKVD of the KSSR. Sentenced: Special Meeting of the NKVD of the USSR on June 10, 1938, charges under Article 58-12 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR. She served a sentence of 7 years in the camp of A. L. Zh. I.R ^{[6] [7]} .
• Children: Laura’s daughter, became ill and died suddenly at an early age due to the departure of his wife Gulbaram, who took Laura and left for Moscow because of rumors about Seifullin’s allegedly secret meetings with another woman; the second child was the son of Ayan, after the arrest of Seyfullin, the wife of Gulbaram draped over the thresholds of the prison and the offices of officials in order to get a meeting with her husband. As a result, the NKVD soon sent the Gulbarams towards Atbasar, where the Algerian female colony was located on the Ishim. On the way, in a smelly, jam-packed carriage, son Ayan fell ill and died ^[7] .

• Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1936).

• In 1962, the name of S.Seifullin was assigned to the Tselinograd State Pedagogical Institute (now the Eurasian National University named after L.N. Gumilyov ),
• In 1996, the name of S.Seifullin was assigned to the Akmola Agrarian University in Astana.
• In 1988, the State Museum of Saken Seifullin was opened in Astana ^[8] .
• In Alma-Ata, behind the KBTU, a bust was installed on the Alley of prominent figures .
• The names of Saken Seyfullin are villages in the Akmola region - the Village named after Saken Seyfullin and Seyfullino ; streets in the cities of Omsk, Astana and the avenue in Almaty.
• He was named after a secondary school in the resort village of Borovoye , secondary school No. 4 in the city of Kyzylorda , comprehensive school No. 74 named after S. Seifullin in Almaty , a multidisciplinary school-lyceum No. 5 named after S. Seifullin in the city of Stepnogorsk and the school named after Saken Seifullin in the village of Atasu, Zhanaarkinsky district, Karaganda region.
• He had a bust installed in Alma-Ata on the alley of revolutionaries, as well as monuments in the cities of Astana (1994), Karaganda (2008), Dzhezkazgan (2012), in the village of Atasu (Karaganda region) of the Zhanaarkinsky district and the village of Kievka, Nurinsky district, Karaganda region (2012 )
• In 2004, on the 110th anniversary of his birth, a postage stamp of Kazakhstan dedicated to Seyfullin was issued.

• Shygarmalar (Works), t. 1-6, Almaty, 1960-1964.
• In the wagons of death of Ataman Annenkov. Kzyl-Orda, 1927
• Kzyl-At. (Red horse). Poem. Alma-Ata, 1934
• Kokche-Tau. (Blue Mountain). Poem. M., 1935
• Seyfullin Saken. Poems and poems (translations into Russian), Moscow, 1958.
• The Thorny Path, Alma-Ata, 1964.

• Seyfullin Saken - article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia .
• Works of Saken Seyfullin
• House Museum of Saken Seyfullin
• Volodzko, Pavel Vasilyevich - Deputy People's Commissar of the NKVD of the Kazakh SSR.