Eroge ( Japanese エ ロ ゲ ー erohe:) , from the English. ero tic ga me (" erotic game ") - Japanese computer games of explicitly erotic content , usually stylized as hand-drawn animation ( anime ). Also called "hentai games." [1] Erogos released in Japan have censorship , as the country has strict laws prohibiting the display of all genitals . They are usually masked by blurry pixels. In the early erog, the plot was practically absent. In particular, thanks to them, NEC PC-8801 computers became popular. Soon new subgenres and genres appeared - role - playing eroge ( Chaos Angels ), dating simulator ( Dokyusei ), the so-called “sound novel” ( Otogirisou ), visual novel ( Shizuku ). Most eros are visual novels or romantic bisejo game simulators. Erotic mosaics are also common, for the collection of which the player is awarded erotic images. [2] They also release three-dimensional games: A-ga , Biko , Des Blood , RapeLay , Requiem Hurts , Time Leap . Most of the "eroge" is produced for personal computers .
The first erog released outside of Japan was the game Cobra Mission: Panic in Cobra City [3] .
Information about new games is published in thematic magazines - PUSH !! , Dengeki Hime , BugBug and others.
Content
History
Japanese eroges, also known as H-games [4] or hentai games, first appeared in the early 1980s, when Japanese companies began to provide their own brands of microcomputers that were able to compete with American ones, such as Sharp X1 , Fujitsu FM -7 , MSX and NEC PC-8801 . NEC was significantly behind the competition in terms of hardware (whose devices supported only 16 colors and did not have sound support) and tried to find an original way to gain significant control over the market by creating an erotic game for its platform. The first Night Life game was released in 1982 [5] by Koei in the graphic adventure genre [6] with a selection of images of an explicit erotic nature specifically for the NEC PC-8801. [5] In the same year, for the same console, another erotic game: Danchi Tsuma no Yuwaku in the genre of early role-playing game for the console NEC PC-8801. [7] [8] The game became a bestseller, and helped Koei significantly advance in its development. [9]
Also, specifically for the NEC PC-8801, erotic games were released by other now famous companies: Enix , Square Co. and Nihon Falcom [5] . The early erogues had almost no plot, concentrating on sex scenes, which led to a negative reaction and appreciation of the Japanese press and media , although in some early games you can find a complex and thoughtful storyline, created, however, as an excuse for pornography [5] . Eroge really managed to make the NEC PC-8801 popular, despite the fact that people paid 8800 yen ($ 85) for very simple games. Soon, other independent companies released their versions of the eroge: Chaos Angels , a role-playing game released by ASCI, as well as a series of Dragon Knight games from Elf and Rance.
The first dating ero genre, Dokyusei , was released by Elf in 1992. Here, the player must win the love of one of the female characters. This game significantly influenced the development of erogen. Soon the Otogirisou ero came out for Super Famicom , where there are also several plot developments. The game has attracted many buyers.
BL Games
BL games ( ボ ー イ ズ ラ ブ ゲ ー ム bo: izurabu ge: mu , eng. BL game ) or Yaoi games are erotic games depicting homosexual relationships between men. The name of the genre comes from pseudo-English . the term “Boys' Love” or “BL” ( ボ ー イ ズ ラ ブ bo: izu slave , “boy love”) . Like otome-game , they are designed for girls and women. In addition, in many otome games, there are hints or homosexual erotic relationships between different characters. BL games very rarely go outside of Japan. According to 2006 data, the total monthly revenue from sales of BL-games is 160 million yen . [ten]
In 2006, JAST USA released the Enzai game (called Enzai: Falsely Accused ) in the United States. Enzai is the first BL game officially translated into English. [11] Later, JAST USA also licensed Zetta Fukujuu Meirei (as Absolute Obedience ). [12] There is a widespread view that licensing these games outside of Japan is commercially disadvantageous due to the easy availability of online games and the widespread availability of amateur translations . [13]
Censorship
Like hentai anime and pornography, eroge are subject to censorship restrictions. For example, the intimate parts of the body depicted by game artists are usually covered with translucent pixels . In other cases, the genitals are not displayed at all, or black squares are drawn instead. [14] There are amateur modifications that remove these censorship restrictions.
Notes
- ↑ ( PDF ) Michelle Martinez, Tyler Manolovitz. Incest, Sexual Violence, and Rape in video Games (inaccessible link) . Inter-Disciplinary.Net. Date of treatment February 6, 2010. Archived July 17, 2011.
- ↑ Icon Group International, Inc. Puzzles: Webster's Quotations, Facts and Phrases . Date of treatment August 28, 2009.
- ↑ Cobra Mission (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment January 8, 2010. Archived February 13, 2010.
- ↑ Wood, Andrea. Choose Your Own Queer Erotic Adventure: Young Adults, Boys Love Computer Games, and the Sexual Politics of Visual Play // Over the rainbow: queer children's and young adult literature / Kenneth B. Kidd, Michelle Ann Abate. - University of Michigan Press. - P. 354–379. - ISBN 978-0-472-07146-3 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Retro Japanese Computers: Gaming's Final Frontier , Hardcore Gaming 101, reprinted from Retro Gamer , Issue 67, 2009
- ↑ Jones, Matthew T. The Impact of Telepresence on Cultural Transmission through Bishoujo Games (Eng.) // PsychNology Journal: journal. - 2005 .-- December ( vol. 3 , no. 3 ). - P. 292-311 . - ISSN 1720-7525 . Archived on June 20, 2012.
- ↑ Danchizuma no Yuuwaku unopened (inaccessible link) . Legendra Date of treatment March 16, 2011. Archived July 13, 2011.
- ↑ Danchi-zuma no Yuuwaku . GameSpot . Date of treatment March 16, 2011.
- ↑ Pesimo, Rudyard Contretas. 'Asianizing' Animation in Asia: Digital Content Identity Construction Within the Animation Landscapes of Japan and Thailand // Reflections on the Human Condition: Change, Conflict and Modernity - The Work of the 2004/2005 API Fellows. - The Nippon Foundation, 2007. - P. 124-160.
- ↑ Nagaike, Kazumi. Elegant Caucasians, Amorous Arabs, and Invisible Others: Signs and Images of Foreigners in Japanese BL Manga // Intersections: Gender and Sexuality in Asia and the Pacific. - Perth, Western Australia: Australian National University , 2009. - No. 20 . - ISSN 14409151 .
- ↑ JAST USA Announces First "Boy's Love" PC Dating-Game . Anime News Network (January 16, 2006). Date of treatment July 8, 2009.
- ↑ JAST USA Announces Adult PC Game “Absolute Obedience” Ships, Also Price Reduction (link not available) . ComiPress (October 25 October 2006). Date of treatment July 8, 2009. Archived February 27, 2009.
- ↑ Abraham, Yamilla Yaoi Computer Games Nil (link not available) . Yaoi Press (August 22, 2008). Date of treatment July 8, 2009. Archived November 21, 2008.
- ↑ Censorship in hentai (inaccessible link) . AnimeBlog.ru (December 16, 2008). Date of treatment April 20, 2010. Archived February 17, 2009.
Links
- History of eroge (inaccessible link) (eng.)
- Eroge: Past, Present, and Future
- Tech Arts Inc. (jap.)
- ZyX (Japanese)
- Better erog 2008 (voting results)