Alauddin Abul-Qasim Ali ibn Muhammad al-Kushchi ( Ottoman. Pers علی قوشچی ; Samarkand , 1403 - Constantinople , December 16, 1474 ) - Central Asian mathematician and astronomer of the Timurid Empire. Student of Ulugbek , al-Kashi and Kazi-zade ar-Rumi . After the death of the latter, he led the Samarkand Observatory , participated in the completion of the " Gurgan Zij ."
| Ali al-Kushchi | |
|---|---|
| osman. Pers علی قوشچی | |
 | |
| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | |
| Date of death | |
| A place of death | |
| A country | |
| Place of work | |
Content
Biography
After the death of Ulugbek, Ali Kushchi left for Herat. At the request of Alisher Navoi, he received a travel letter from Sultan Hussein Baykara and left with handwritten works of the Samarkand Observatory in Istanbul, where he entered the service of Sultan Mehmed II . Here he introduced Byzantine scholars to some of the discoveries of the Samarkand school, in particular decimal fractions. Al-Kushchi organized a madrassah at the Hagia Sophia mosque in Istanbul, into which the Turks converted the Byzantine temple of St. Sophia, where he raised a number of Turkish scholars.
Al-Kushchi wrote A Treatise on the Science of Arithmetic and A Treatise on the Science of Astronomy, which played a prominent role in the teaching of mathematics in the countries of the Middle and Near East in the 16th-17th centuries. He wrote comments on the “Gurgan Zij” by Ulugbek and the “Ladder of Heaven” by al-Kashi . In his astronomical works, al-Kushchi discussed the possibility of daily rotation of the Earth around its axis, believing that it does not contradict the data of experience and rejecting the use of Aristotle's natural philosophy to solve this problem:
It is believed that the diurnal movement of the luminaries to the west arises with the actual movement of the Earth itself from west to east. Therefore, it seems to us that the stars rise in the east and go in the west. Such a feeling happens to an observer sitting on a ship moving along the river. The observer knows that the shore of the water is motionless. But it seems to him that the coast is moving in the opposite direction to the ship [1] .
Al-Kushchi owns a number of works on linguistics. He also wrote The Book of China, where he traveled as ambassador Ulugbek.
Death
Ali Kushchi died on December 16, 1474 in Istanbul. He was buried in the cemetery at the Ayyub mosque in Istanbul. At the entrance to the mosque, an inscription is engraved on a marble slab: "Ali Kushchi is a man of science." The grandson of Ali Kushchi, the scientist Hafiz Kuhaki, visited India in 1528, where he met with Zakhiriddin Babur, then he left for his grandfather’s homeland, where he died and was buried in Tashkent. [2]
Exploring Ali Kushchi Heritage
- One of the first to study the scientific heritage of Ali Kushchi in Uzbekistan was Academician I.M. Muminov . [3]
Notes
- ↑ Jalalov 1958, p. 383.
- ↑ Archived copy (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment November 27, 2017. Archived November 28, 2017.
- ↑ Ali Kushchi Astronomy Oid Risola. Suzboshi VA Tahrir I.M. Muminov. T., 1968
Literature
Works
- Kushchi Ali. Astronomical treatise. Per. A. U. Usmanova. Samarkand, 1970.
About him
- Jalalov G. D. Some remarkable statements by astronomers of the Samarkand observatory. Historical and Astronomical Studies, vol. IV, 1958, p. 381-386. Online
- Matvievskaya G.P. The doctrine of number in the medieval Near and Middle East. Tashkent: Fan, 1967.
- Matvievskaya G.P., Rosenfeld B.A. Mathematicians and astronomers of the Muslim Middle Ages and their works (VIII-XVII centuries). In 3 vols. M .: Nauka, 1983. Online
- Yushkevich A.P. History of mathematics in the Middle Ages. M .: Fizmatgiz, 1961.
- Ragep FJ Tusi and Copernicus: The Earth's motion in context. Science in Context , 14, 2001, p. 145-163.