Hydromorphone is an opioid -type painkiller derived from morphine. It is included in the list of narcotic drugs whose circulation is limited and with respect to which control measures are established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation and international treaties of the Russian Federation (list II).
| Hydromorphone | |
|---|---|
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| Chemical compound | |
| IUPAC | 4,5-alpha-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methyl morphinan-6-one |
| Gross formula | C 17 H 19 NO 3 |
| Molar mass | 285.338 g / mol |
| Cas | |
| PubChem | |
| Drugbank | |
| Classification | |
| Farmakol. Group | ? |
| ATX | |
| Pharmacokinetics | |
| Bioavailable | Oral: 30β35%, Nasal: 52β58% [1] |
| Plasma Protein Binding | twenty% |
| Metabolism | Liver |
| The half-life. | 2-3 hours [2] |
| Excretion | Kidney |
| Dosage Forms | |
| tablets for injection | |
| Route of administration | |
| oral, intramuscular, intravenous, subcutaneous, intranasal, rectal, sublingual, transmucosal, buccal, transcutaneous (experimental) | |
Content
- 1 Pharmacokinetics
- 2 Physico-chemical properties
- 3 Possible impact
- 4 Effects of overdose
- 5 Discontinuation Symptoms
- 6 Clinic Use
- 7 In culture
- 8 Notes
Pharmacokinetics
The pharmacokinetics of this drug is not well understood. The rate of distribution of the drug in the tissues is the same as that of morphine. About 90% of the drug disappear from blood plasma within 10 minutes after its administration. The release of hydromorphone, like morphine, depends on its rapid consumption by tissues, followed by a slow release back into the blood.
Physico-chemical properties
Melting point: 260 Β° C.
Possible Impact
Euphoria ; drowsiness; respiratory failure ; narrowed pupils; nausea
Overdose Effects
Slow and shallow breathing; clammy skin; convulsions; coma; death is possible.
Discontinuation Symptoms
Watery eyes; runny nose; yawn; loss of appetite; irritability; tremors; panic condition; colic nausea; chills and sweating.
Clinic Use
Hydromorphone, unlike morphine , codeine and meperidine, is not metabolized to form norhydromorphone . This feature makes the use of hydromorphone especially suitable in patients with renal failure . In other respects, hydromorphone is practically no different from morphine.
The analgesic effect lasts 3-5 hours. The analgesic effect of the drug with enteral administration is 5 times weaker than with intramuscular administration.
In Culture
In the movie Pharmacy Cowboy , Nadine, one of the heroines, dies from an overdose of hydromorphone.
Sex Pistols bassist friend Sid Vicious, Nancy Spagene, was waiting for the delivery of a large batch of hydromorphone at the Chelsea Hotel in New York before the murder. The Rockets Redglair took part in the transaction .
In the television series β Think Like a Criminal, β the character Spencer Reed is addicted to hydromorphone, but then overcomes addiction.
In the television series " Bones " (season 1, episode 8), it is mentioned as a substance from an overdose of which Maggie Schilling died, kidnapped and tortured to death by the couple Castello.
In the series β Desperate Housewives β (season 4, episode 7-8), Mike Delfino is addicted to hydromorphone.
In the series βSklifosovskyβ (season 3), Ivan Khromov steals a hydromorphone for his addict son, and Lazarev, taking cover for him, takes the blame.
In The Benefactor, the protagonist Francis got hooked on a hydromorphone after a tragic accident in which his best friends died.
In the film β24 Hours to Liveβ (24 Hours to Live), they try to kill the protagonist with an overdose of hydromorphone, after his revival.
In the film "I am a legend" (starring W. Smith), the main character Dr. Neville, when conducting an experiment on an infected female, injects her with a six-fold dose of Dilaudid, which reduces the hyperactivity of the zombie vampire to medical sleep.
Notes
- β Coda BA, Rudy AC, Archer SM, Wermeling DP. "Pharmacokinetics and Bioavailability of Single-Dose Intranasal Hydromorphone Hydrochloride in Healthy Volunteers." Anesthesia Analgesia . 2003 Jul; 97 (1): 117-23. PMID 12818953 Fulltext
- β Vallner JJ, Stewart JT, Kotzan JA, Kirsten EB, Honigberg IL. "Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of hydromorphone following intravenous and oral administration to human subjects." Journal of Clinical Pharmacology . 1981 Apr; 21 (4): 152-6. PMID 6165742 Fulltext Archived June 3, 2008 on Wayback Machine