T-150 is a general purpose agricultural energy-saturated tracked tractor manufactured by the Kharkov Tractor Plant . In addition, the T-150K general-purpose general purpose agricultural energy-saturated wheeled tractor of general purpose is produced. Their differences are in running systems, turning mechanisms, frames, gearboxes (unified by elements) and control systems.
| T-150 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Project, g | 1970 |
| Produced, years. | since 1974 |
| Appointment | general purpose |
| Propulsion type | crawler |
| Traction class , tf | 3 |
| Operating weight, t | eight |
| Location | |
| Cabin: | the average |
| Engine: | front |
| Main dimensions | |
| Length mm | 4325 |
| Width mm | 1850 |
| Height mm | 2895 |
| Base mm | 1800 |
| Track mm | 1435 |
| Road (agrotechnical) clearance, mm | 300 |
| Engine | |
| Engine make | SMD-60 |
| Horsepower (kW) | 150 (110.3) |
| Transmission | |
| Type of transmission | mechanical |
| Suspension and steering | |
| Suspension type | spring-balanced |
| Turn Control Method | kinematic and power. rotation gear combined with gearbox |
| The brakes | tape |
| Equipment | |
| Hydraulic equipment | separate separate-aggregate system for controlling mounted and trailed machines; separate system for turning and shifting gears |
| Pneumatic equipment | clutch control and trailer brakes |
| Electrical equipment | on-board network with a voltage of 12 V |
Creating a family of unified wheel and caterpillar tractors proved to be a very difficult task. Currently, the famous John Deere company follows this path (for example, John Deere 8120 [1] and John Deere 8120T [2] ).
Content
Modifications
The T-150 tractor has a modification of T-150D with bulldozer equipment.
Design Features
On the T-150 tractor, the engine is located in front. A clutch and a two-line gearbox are attached to it, the two output shafts of which are connected by cardan gears to the right and left bevel main gears installed in the rear axle. The main gears are connected to planetary final drives, on which the sprockets of the track chains are mounted.
The tractor is rotated in two ways: kinematic - by means of hydraulic clamping of different gears of the left and right sides, and power - by reducing the oil pressure in the hydraulic clamp of the lagging side. The minimum turning radius is achieved by turning on the brake of this side after the hydraulic clutch is completely turned off.
Engine
Especially for the T-150 tractor, the SMD-60 diesel engine was developed. The engine is a six-cylinder V-shaped, liquid-cooled turbocharged. Operational power - 150 hp The launch is carried out by a starting gasoline engine, which, in turn, is started by an electric starter.
After the SMD-60 engine is discontinued, the tractor is equipped with a naturally aspirated six-cylinder V-shaped liquid-cooled YaMZ-236D3 engine with an operating capacity of 170 hp. Starting electric start.
Transmission
The gearbox has several ranges (slow, working, transport and reverse), in each of which 4 (3) gears are switched by hydro-clutch clutches without interrupting the power flow. Ranges are switched when the tractor is stopped. In addition, a power take-off shaft is driven from the gearbox.
Cabin
Noise-, dust-, vibration-proof, equipped with a safety cage since 2013.
Differences from predecessor, T-74 tractor
- Twice increasing engine power.
- One and a half times increase in tractor operating weight.
- The shift of the center of gravity forward relative to the middle of the supporting surface. This allows the application of traction to equalize the pressure along the entire length of the supporting surface of the track chain. Displacement is achieved due to the separation of the gearbox with the rotation mechanism from the rear axle and moving them forward to the engine.
The idea of shifting the center of gravity forward can be traced on tractors of the Challenger-65 type [3] since 1987.
- The gearbox provides gear shifting within the range without interrupting the power flow. The left and right output shafts of the gearbox are equipped with personal hydraulic clutch couplings connecting these shafts with driven gears of four (three) gears. When shifting gears, the hydraulically pressing clutch of the subsequent gear is first turned on, then the hydraulically pressing clutch of the previous gear is turned off. For a split second, both couplings are turned on, which ensures continuity of switching.
- With the kinematic method of rotation, both tracks remain leading (active) and the entire weight of the tractor is used to create traction.
- The tractor is controlled with the power steering method by the steering wheel.
Advantages of the T-150 compared to its predecessor, the T-74 tracked tractor
- Increased productivity of the tractor unit due to work at higher speeds with greater traction
- Reduction of harmful effects on the ground (pressure and slipping)
- Two-stream power transmission allowed to reduce loads, increase the durability of transmission units, reduce its dimensions and increase ground clearance
- Improving working conditions
Comparison with T-150K tractor
Weaknesses
- Prohibition of driving on paved public roads
- Difficulties in aggregating with heavy attachments due to the short base
- Low transport speeds
- Increased track chain wear in the finger-eye mate
Advantages
- Reducing the harmful effects on the soil: specific pressure in half, slipping in three times
- 20-30% increase in traction
- Increasing tractor unit productivity
- 10% lower fuel consumption
- Labor safety
Literature
- V.A. Bugara, N.N. Vatulya, L.A. Weinstein, I.A. Koval, A.D. Levitanus, G.E. Ogiy. Handbook of T-150 and T-150K tractors edited by Professor B.P. Kashuba. - The second, revised and supplemented. - "Prapor", 1975. - 40,000 copies.
- Abdula S. L. Memoirs of the chief designer (Russian) // Tractors and agricultural machinery: Journal. - 2011. - No. 10 . - S. 54-56 .
- Zabelyshinsky Z. On the occasion of the 80th anniversary of KhTZ: We have something to be proud of! (Russian) // Bulletin of NTU "KhPI" Thematic issue "Automobile and tractor engineering": collection. - Kharkov, 2011 .-- S. 140-143 .