Abalkin, Leonid Ivanovich

Born in the family of accountants Ivan Alexandrovich (1894-1966) and Zoya Ivanovna (nee Rudakova; 1896-1976) Abalkins; his father’s brother was in charge of the literature and art department of the newspaper Pravda ^[2] .

In 1948 he entered the Moscow Institute of National Economy. G.V. Plekhanov , who graduated with honors in 1952.

Since 1952 he taught, was Deputy Director for Academic Affairs of the Agricultural College in the city of Gusev, Kaliningrad Region.

Since 1958 - graduate student of the Moscow State Economic Institute .

After the merger of the Moscow State Economic Institute and the Moscow Institute of National Economy, from 1961 he was an assistant, senior lecturer, associate professor , professor, and since 1966, he was the head of the Department of Political Economy at the Plekhanov Moscow Institute of Economics.

In 1976-1985 - professor and head of the department of political economy of the Academy of Social Sciences (GA) under the Central Committee of the CPSU .

Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR , December 26, 1984, Department of Economics (Soviet economy). Since December 23, 1987, Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences - Department of Economics (Economics) ^[3] .

In 1988-1990, he was a member of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

In 1986-1989 and in 1991-2005 - Director of the Institute of Economics of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR / RAS.

Foreign member of the Berlin Academy of Sciences . Member of the Bureau of the Department of Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences, member of the Economics Section of this department. Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, International Academy of Management, New York Academy of Sciences, International Academy of Eurasia, President of the Kondratyev International Foundation, Vice President of the Free Economic Society of Russia and the International Union of Economists.

In the last years of his life, he was the supervisor of the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Since 1987, he worked at the Faculty of Economics of Moscow State University , and headed the department of socio-economic problems. Since 2001 - Honored Professor of Moscow State University .

He died on May 2, 2011 in Moscow. He was buried at the Troekurovsky cemetery (site 22) ^[4] .

Family

Wife - Anna Vartanovna Abalkina (born 1931).

Children: Ivan (born 1953) and Irina (born 1961), economist ^[5] .

At the XIX All-Union Conference of the CPSU ( 1988 ), he criticized the popular concept of acceleration: from his point of view, the country's economy needed not so much an increase in economic growth as a structural adjustment. He considered perestroika as a mechanism for the development and improvement of socialism. At the conference, he questioned the proposal of M. S. Gorbachev to introduce the practice of combining party and state posts.

In 1989, he was elected People's Deputy of the USSR from the CPSU, but after his appointment in August of that year, he resigned as deputy chairman of the Council of Ministers . In 1989 - 1991 - Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR . Member of the Central Committee of the CPSU in 1990-1991. The author of one of the sensational programs for the transition to a market economy . As a result of the reform based on administrative methods of managing the economy, the crisis continued to intensify; an increase in the tax burden on the wages of highly paid workers contributed to the strengthening of the shadow economy (primarily due to the so-called “salaries in an envelope”). He justified the failure of the government by the fact that the masses did not accept the course of reforms and were not prepared for work in the new conditions. From May to December 1991 - Advisor to the President of the USSR .

Abalkin reacted sharply negatively to the Russian group of reformers, seeing in them only the destructive power of careerists rushing to power. Yeltsin called politics "the path to capitalism and the collapse of the Soviet Union ." According to Abalkin, he considered “revolutionary extremism” ^[6] to be his main enemy.

He participated in the management of the development of an alternative economic program in early 1994. He declared that Russia does not need a Western liberal variety of the market, but a socially oriented economic model resembling the Chinese one .

In the summer of 2000, at a State Duma meeting, he criticized the program of German Gref , who, according to the academician, "simply rewrites the works of Western liberal economists."

In an interview with Ekho Moskvy radio, former Minister of Economy of the Russian Federation Yevgeny Yasin quoted Abalkin’s favorite quote: “if we win on the financial front, we will win everything” (the author is V.I. Lenin ).

He published about 800 printed works, including 24 individual monographs . Being a major expert in the field of methodology of economic science, problems of economic policy and the economic mechanism, in the last years of his life he focused on developing ways to transform Russian society, understanding the cultural and historical background and ways of civilizing prospects for economic reforms.

Editor-in-chief of the journal Voprosy ekonomiki , President of the International Fund Kondratyeva , Vice-President of the Free Economic Society of Russia and the International Union of Economists , Honorary Chairman of the International Association of Chess Veterans , member of the Philosophical and Economic Scientific Assembly .

He developed the foundations of the Russian school of socio-economic thought .

• Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" III degree ( November 18, 2010 ) - for a significant contribution to the development of domestic science in the field of economics and many years of fruitful activity ^[7]
• Order “For Merit to the Fatherland”, IV degree ( May 5, 2000 ) - for merit in scientific activity and the training of highly qualified personnel ^[8]
• Order of Honor ( November 14, 2005 ) - for great merits in the field of science and education ^[9]
• Order of Friendship of Peoples ( 1986 )
• Medal "In commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin" ( 1970 )
• Veteran of Labor Medal
• Certificate of Honor of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR
• Friendship Medal (Vietnam) ( 1978 )
• Order of Glory to Russia
• Order of Peter the Great, I degree ( 2004 )
• Order "For diligence for the good of the Fatherland" III degree ( 2005 )
• Medal "For Contribution to Enterprise Development" ( 1997 )
• Medal “2000 outstanding people of the XX century” ( Cambridge , England , 1997 )
• Laureate of the Foundation for the Promotion of Domestic Science Prize in the nomination “Outstanding Scientists” ( 2004 ) ^[10]
• Prize named after N. D. Kondratiev - For the monograph “Russia: the search for self-determination” ^[11]
• Laureate of the national award “Russian of the Year” - for his utter dedication to science, outstanding organizational talent and outstanding contribution to the development of domestic economic education ( 2005 ) ^[12] .

• The systematic development and proportions of the world socialist economy. - M., 1965
• Political economy and economic policy. - M., 1970
• The economic laws of socialism. - M., 1971
• The economic mechanism of a developed socialist society. - M., 1973
• Final national economic results (essence, indicators, ways to increase). - M., 1978, 1982
• Dialectics of a socialist economy. - M., 1981
• Acceleration course. - M., 1986
• A new type of economic thinking. - M.: Economics, 1987. - 189, [2] p.
• Perestroika: paths and problems. - M., 1988
• Unused Chance: One and a half years in government. - M .: Politizdat, 1991 .-- 304 p. - ISBN 5-250-01797-5
• Toward a goal through crisis. The fate of economic reform. - M., 1992
• At the crossroads. - M.: Institute of Economics, RAS, 1993. - ISBN 5-201-03400-4
• Economic views and government activities S. Yu. Witte / L. Abalkin; Grew up. Acad. sciences. Institute of Economics. - M., 1999. - 52, [1] p. - ISBN 5-201-03238-9
• Russia: the search for self-determination: = Russia in search for identity: Essays / Leonid Abalkin; Grew up. Acad. sciences. - M .: Nauka, 2002 (SPT Type. Science). - 424, [4] p. - ISBN 5-02-006251-0
• Russia: comprehension of fate. - M .: Publishing House " Economic Newspaper ", 2012. - ISBN 978-5-4319-0031-0 .

He was fond of chess, was a candidate for master of sports , was honorary chairman of the International Association of Chess Veterans. Interested in the history of Russia . He was fond of gardening .

• Leonid Ivanovich Abalkin. M., 2000 (Materials for the bio-bibliography of scientists. Economic sciences; Issue 14); 2nd ed. M., 2005 (Materials for the biobibliography of scientists. Economics; Issue 15)

• Profile of Leonid Ivanovich Abalkin on the official website of the RAS
• Article on the Chronicle of Moscow University website
• Historical background on the website of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences
• Detailed biography
• Page on the portal “Who Is Who in Russia”
• A paradigm shift in the social sciences according to L. I. Abalkin