Prince Edward Island ( English Prince Edward Island fr. Île-du-Prince-Édouard , PEI) - a province in eastern Canada , one of the so-called Primorsky provinces of the country.
| Province of canada | |||
| Prince Edward Island | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English Prince edward island | |||
"Small under the protection of the great" | |||
| A country |  Canada | ||
| Capital | Charlottetown | ||
| The largest city | Charlottetown | ||
| Population ( 01/01/2016 ) | 146 933 people [1] (10th place) | ||
| • percentage of the population of Canada - 0.4% | |||
| Density | 25.96 people / km² (5th place) | ||
| Official language | English | ||
| Square | 5660 km² [2] (13th place) | ||
| • percentage of Canada’s area - 0.1% • land area - 5660 km² (100%) • water area - 0 km² (0%) | |||
| Heights • highest point | in Queens County [3] (142 m ) | ||
| Canadian Confederation | from July 1, 1873 (8th place) | ||
| Prime Minister | Robert Gitz | ||
| Lieutenant Governor | Frank Lewis | ||
| GRP ( 2010 ) GRP per capita | 5010 [4] million C $ (10th place) 34 649 C $ | ||
| Timezone | UTC − 4 | ||
| Postcode | PE | ||
| ISO 3166-2 Code | CA-PE | ||
| Official site | |||
| Profile on StatKan | |||
Prince Edward Island on a Map of Canada | |||
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The capital is Charlottetown . The population is 138 thousand people ( 2004 ), the smallest province in terms of population and territory, at the same time the most densely populated.
Content
Title History
The first settlers of the French named the island: Saint-Jean ( fr. Ile Saint-Jean ). Subsequently, the British anglified the name, changing Saint-Jean to St. John's , and in 1798 the island was renamed Prince Edward Island, so as not to confuse the island with the city of St. John in the province of New Brunswick .
Symbols
- Flower - Cypripedium acaule
- Tree - Red Oak ( lat. Quercus rubra )
- Bird - Blue Jay ( lat. Cyanocitta cristata )
Geography
The island, often referred to as the "garden province", is located in St. Lawrence Bay , east of New Brunswick and north of Nova Scotia . The island is connected with the mainland by a bridge .
A small island in the shape of an elongated rectangle, with a middle coastline . There are many bays and bays: Hillsboro, Malpeck and others. On the south coast there are several low cliffs. The north coast is flatter, with many sand dunes. The surface is almost perfectly flat, the average surface height rises to 25 m. The highest point (142 m) is in the Glen Valley.
Inland waters
There are no large natural reservoirs on the island. There are many streams and rivers on it. Due to abundant rainfall and the rational management of water resources, the island does not suffer from a lack of fresh water.
Climate
Winter is moderately cold. Collisions of cold Arctic air and soft Atlantic air cause frequent temperature fluctuations. From December to April, the island has many storms and blizzards. Spring temperatures usually remain cold until sea ice melts. Most often, ice melts in late April or early May. Summer is moderately warm, with a maximum daily temperature, only sometimes reaching 30 ° C (86 ° F). The fall season is quite pleasant, since the waters of the bay delay the onset of frost, although there is more thunderstorm activity than in summer. A lot of rainfall throughout the year.
Walkway in Prince Edward Island National Park , near Greenwich
Prince Edward Island Coast near Cavendish in April
The shoe is stemless
Panmew Island Lighthouse
Confederation Bridge connecting the island to New Brunswick
Natural resources
The island has deposits of coal , natural gas , uranium , vanadium and ore.
History
Jacques Cartier discovered the island in 1534. Over the next two hundred years, the island formally belonged to France . He was often visited by French and Basque fishermen. The first permanent French settlement was built on the island between 1720 and 1730. The colony grew quite slowly, and in 1748, 700 people lived in it. Then, residents from Nova Scotia began to move to the island, due to pressure from the British population. In 1758, the number of inhabitants grew to approximately 4,500. After the fortress of Louisburg was built in 1758, Britain gained control of the island and forced most of the French inhabitants to leave. The island officially came under British sovereignty in accordance with the position of the Paris world in 1763 and became part of Nova Scotia .
In 1769, Prince Edward Island was separated from Nova Scotia as a separate colony. In 1851, most of the population came from England , Scotland and Ireland . At the time of the appointment of the colony, the island was divided into 67 land plots divided by lot between persons close to the royal court. Because of this, a social crisis began, which ended in 1873, when the colony became part of the Canadian Confederation.
Economics
The island's economy is based on three main areas:
Agriculture and Industry
The land is very fertile. The island's ferruginous soils are ideal for growing potatoes . Potatoes grown on the island enjoy a good reputation among consumers across Canada.
There are many food, industrial plants on the island. These are mainly french fries plants. The total cost of manufactured products is about $ 950 million per year, of which more than 700 million accounts for the processing of agricultural products. Agricultural income from the sale of potatoes is about $ 150 million.
Another important area is dairy farming .
Fishing
In addition to fish, mussels and crabs are fished. Each year, fishing brings about $ 160 million.
- Tourism
Tourism is an important source of national income for the province. The main type of relaxation is a spa holiday. The island has several popular beaches, including “red sands” in Cavendish and “singing sands” in the east of the island. The village of Cavendish is the most popular destination among tourists, thanks to the nearby house of the writer Montgomery - here, in addition to the beach, there are numerous tourist attractions. Lobster restaurants are also popular in the neighboring village of North Rastico , as well as several local wineries.
Culture
The most famous writer on the Canadian island of the province is Lucy Maud Montgomery . Her novel, Anne of Green Gables, has become a classic work of Canadian literature. The tourist industry of the province is built on the popularity of the book and its author: excursions to the writer's house are organized both for readers of the author’s books and for viewers; In the Charlottetown concert hall, during the tourist season, the play Anne from the Green Mezzanines is played daily for visitors.
In Unturned, the action takes place on this island.
See also
Notes
- ↑ CANSIM - 051-0005 - Estimates of population, Canada, provinces and territories
- ↑ Land and freshwater area, by province and territory . Statistics Canada (February 1, 2005). Date of treatment September 30, 2012. Archived October 16, 2012.
- ↑ Principal heights by range or region . Statistics Canada (February 2, 2005). Date of treatment September 30, 2012. Archived October 16, 2012.
- ↑ Gross domestic product, expenditure-based, by province and territory . Statistics Canada (November 8, 2011). Date of treatment September 30, 2012. Archived October 16, 2012.
Links
- PEIinfo - a popular website for Islanders & Tourists
- KnowPEI - bridging the gap between business owners and their patrons
- WikiPEI - a local public tourism Wiki initiative
- Official tourism page
- The government of prince edward island
- Satellite image of Prince Edward Island (interactive)
- GAELIC IN PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND: A CULTURAL REMNANT