5S - a system of organization and rationalization of the workplace (workspace), one of the tools of lean manufacturing . Designed in post-war Japan. 5 steps stand out:
- seiri (整理) “sorting” (necessary - unnecessary) - a clear separation of things into necessary and unnecessary and getting rid of the latter;
- seiton (整頓) “keeping order” (accuracy) - the ordered and accurate location and storage of necessary things, which allows you to quickly and easily find and use them;
- seiso (清掃) “cleanliness” (cleaning) - maintenance of the workplace clean and tidy;
- seiketsu (清潔) “standardization” (establishment of norms and rules) - a necessary condition for the implementation of the first three rules;
- sitsuke (躾) “improvement (literal translation - education)” (self-discipline) - the development of the habit of accurately fulfilling established rules, procedures and technological operations.
The goals of 5S are to reduce the number of accidents, increase the level of product quality and reduce the number of defects, create a comfortable psychological climate and stimulate the desire to work, unify and standardize jobs, increase labor productivity by reducing the time it takes to search for items within the workspace.
The concept implies that each employee of the enterprise - from the cleaning lady to the director - fulfills 5 rules; the main plus - these actions do not require the use of new management technologies and theories.
Content
5S Steps
Step 1. Sorting
All materials, equipment, documents and tools are sorted into three categories:
- always necessary - materials that are currently being used in the work;
- sometimes necessary - materials that can be used in work, but are not currently in demand;
- unnecessary - marriage , unused tools, containers, foreign objects. During the sorting process, unnecessary items are marked with a “red mark” and then removed from the work area.
Step 2. Keeping order
The location of the items meets the requirements:
- security;
- quality;
- work efficiency.
Four rules for arranging things:
- on a prominent place;
- easy to take;
- easy to use;
- easy to put back in place.
Step 3. Cleanliness
The work area must be kept in perfect cleanliness.
Procedure:
- divide the line into zones, create diagrams and maps with the designation of jobs, equipment locations;
- identify a special group for which a cleaning area will be assigned;
- determine the time of the cleaning:
- morning: 5-10 minutes. before the start of the working day;
- lunch: 5-10 minutes. after lunch;
- at the end of work: after the termination of work, during downtime.
Step 4. Standardization
This principle requires formal, written fixing of the rules for maintaining the workplace, work technology and other procedures. It is necessary to create work instructions that include step-by-step steps to maintain order. It is also necessary to develop new methods of control and reward for distinguished employees.
Step 5. Improvement
Developing a habit of caring for the workplace in accordance with existing procedures, as well as the steady improvement of the system itself.
Important points:
- Monitoring the operation of the equipment, the workplace to facilitate their maintenance.
- Using Before / After photographs to compare what happened and what the end result is.
- Organization of audits to assess the effectiveness of the implementation of the 5S program.
Deployment
One of the most popular system implementation techniques suggests dividing the implementation process into 5 stages [2] :
- familiarization with the principles and adoption of the system;
- cleaning up and delegation of responsibility;
- regularity of actions and periodic monitoring;
- consolidation of procedures and strengthening of requirements;
- continuous improvement.
At the next stage, the achievement of certain indicators is recorded for each of the five components of 5S, which makes it possible to give the implementation a systematic form and reduce staff resistance to changes. With this approach, a more complete involvement of all employees in the process is ensured.
Notes
Literature
- 5S for workers: how to improve your workplace. Productivity Press's development team is based on Hiroyuki Hirano. - M .: Institute of Integrated Strategic Studies, 2007. - ISBN 5-903148-14-X , ISBN 978-5-903148-14-1
- Fabrizio T., Tepping D. 5s for the office: how to organize an effective workplace. / Per. from English.] - M.: Institute for Integrated Strategic Studies, 2008. - 214 p. - ISBN 5-903148-26-3 , ISBN 978-5-903148-26-4
- Gastev A.K. How to work: A practical introduction to the science of labor organization] / Under the general. ed. N. M. Bahraha, Yu. A. Gastev, A. G. Losev, E. A. Petrova. Ed. 3rd - M.: Librikom, 2011 .-- 480 p.
- Grachev A., Kiselev I. Cultural aspects of company transformation based on the 5S method // Standards and quality. - 2009. - No. 5. - P. 88—93.