José de la Mar ( Spanish: José de la Mar ; May 12, 1778 - October 11, 1830 ) - South American politician, military leader . The main career took shape in Peru , where he twice became president. Some historians consider him the first president of Peru .
| Jose de la Mar | |||||||
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| José de la mar | |||||||
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| Predecessor | Francisco Javier de Luna Pizarro | ||||||
| Successor | Jose Bernardo de Taglie | ||||||
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| Predecessor | Manuel Salazar y Bakihano | ||||||
| Successor | Antonio Gutierrez de la Fuente | ||||||
| Birth | May 12, 1778 Cuenca | ||||||
| Death | October 11, 1830 (52 years old) Costa Rica | ||||||
| Burial place | "Pastor Matias Maestro" | ||||||
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José de la Mar was born in Ecuador in the city of Cuenca , at the age of two he was sent to Spain with his uncle. All his childhood he spent in Spain, thanks to the connections of his uncle, he joined the army and quickly advanced through the ranks. He fought against the Napoleonic troops, was captured and taken to France . After being restored to the throne of Ferdinand VII , the king thanked Jose de la Mara for his service by appointing the post of sub-inspector of the Viceroyalty of Peru with the rank of brigadier general.
Four years after arriving in America, Jose de la Mar received the rank of Marshal , and was appointed governor of King Philippe's fortress in Callao .
Peru War of Independence
During the first days of the Revolutionary War, José de la Mar fought on the side of the royalists, remaining faithful to the Spanish crown. The war found Jose de la Mara governor of King Philippe's fortress in Callao, which he successfully defended. When on June 6, 1821, Viceroy José de la Serna was forced to leave the capital city of Lima , he ordered not to leave the fortress and wait for help, which José de la Mar successfully and did for 4 months, but due to insufficient reinforcements by order Viceroy, he was forced to surrender the fortress on September 19 .
After that, José de la Mar joined the rebels, José de San Martín assigned him the rank of division general, which he reluctantly accepted because he already had the rank of marshal of the Spanish troops.
He was removed from the presidency as a result of the coup organized by Augustine Gamarra , and was forced to leave for Costa Rica , where he lived the rest of his life.