Confusion (the affect of bewilderment ) is an acute psychopathological state that combines emotional (intense anxiety) and cognitive (acute sense of misunderstanding of what is happening) components [1] .
Content
Confusion as a symptom of emotional pathology
In psychiatry , according to modern psychopathological ideas, the symptom of confusion corresponds to the concept of affect of perplexity [2] . Perplexity or a symptom of perplexity refers to such perplexity that is caused by an acute psychotic disorder , usually with confusion , and is accompanied by a painful misunderstanding of the patient’s situation and condition, which they perceive as unusual, having received a new unclear meaning [3] [4] . Refers to symptoms of emotional pathology [3] [2] .
According to A. V. Snezhnevsky , affect is accompanied either by a violation of self-consciousness, or by a feeling of incomprehensible change in the external world and reality [3] . With alcoholic paranoids, it is usually accompanied by questioning facial expressions as a result of a feeling of the unusualness of what is happening around [3] .
“The affect of perplexity” was described by S. Korsakov in 1893 [3] .
Classification
Psychiatry distinguishes between “empty” confusion , which is exhausted by the emotion of surprise and involuntary transfer of gaze from one object to another — hypermetamorphosis of attention, and delusional confusion when the emotion of surprise, hypermetamorphosis of attention is combined with various options and occurrences of delusional ideas of special significance [5] . Often occurs with figurative delirium, auditory hallucinations , phenomena of mental automatism and false recognition [2] .
Confusion
The English term “confusion (mental confusion)” (from Latin confusĭo - “confusion, confusion, confusion”) is not synonymous with the affect of bewilderment and confusion. in this case refers only to a state of confusion and disorientation [2] . In ICD-11, “mental confusion” (without further elaboration) is included in the symptom of “disorientation” (code MB21.4 ), and is described as a state of disorientation in a place, time, situation, or other people.
See also
- Amenia
- Depersonalization
- Derealization
Notes
- ↑ Zhmurov V.A. Psychiatry. Encyclopedia - “Litres”, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Stoimenov Y. A. , Stoimenova M. Y. , Koeva P. Y. and others. Psychiatric Encyclopedic Dictionary. - K .: “IAPM”, 2003. - S. 94, 450, 853. - 1200 p. - ISBN 966-608-306-X .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Bleicher V.M. , Kruk I.V.A. of perplexity // Explanatory Dictionary of Psychiatric Terms. - MODEK, 1995. - ISBN 5-87224-067-8 .
- ↑ Encyclopedic dictionary of medical terms. In 3 volumes / Editor-in-Chief B.V. Petrovsky . - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1984 . - T. 3. - S. 27. - 1424 p. - 100,000 copies.
- ↑ Under the general. ed. S. Yu. Tsirkina. Handbook of psychology and psychiatry of childhood and adolescence. 2nd ed., Revised and supplemented . - Publishing House "Peter". - P. 278–279. - ISBN 978-5-318-00115-4 .
Literature
- Encyclopedic dictionary of medical terms. In 3 volumes / Editor-in-Chief B.V. Petrovsky . - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1984 . - T. 3. - S. 27. - 1424 p. - 100,000 copies.
- A. Berezantsev. Forensic Psychiatry. Textbook for undergraduate and specialty . - LitRes, 2018 .-- P. 310. - ISBN 978-5-04-117901-4 .