Rajkot [1] ( Hindi राजकोट ) is a city in the Indian state of Gujarat. The fourth most populated city in the state [2] , after Ahmedabad , Surat and Vadodara . Rajkot forms the 35th largest metropolitan area of India with a population of more than 1.28 million people (2012) [3] . Rajkot is one of the fastest growing cities in the world [4] . The administrative center of Rajkot County . It is located 245 km west of the state capital - the city of Gandinagar on the banks of the Adji and Niari rivers. From April 15, 1948 to October 31, 1956, Rajkot was the capital of the state of Saurashtra (until it joined the state of Bombay on November 1, 1956 ). Since May 1, 1960 - as part of Gujarat.
| City | |
| Rajkot | |
|---|---|
| English Rajkot guj. રાજકોટ hindi राजकोट | |
 | |
| A country |  India |
| State | Gujarat |
| The mayor | Jaimin Upadhyay |
| History and Geography | |
| Based | 1612 |
| Square | 104.86 km² |
| Center height | 134 m |
| Timezone | UTC + 5: 30 |
| Population | |
| Population | 1,335,397 people ( 2008 ) |
| Density | 12 735 people / km² |
| Digital identifiers | |
| Telephone code | +91 281 |
| Postal codes | 360 00X |
| Car code | Gj-3 |
History
Rajkot was founded by Thakor Sahib Vibhodji Ajoji Jaeya of the Jadeya clan in 1620. Thakor Sahib Vibhodji Ajoji Jaeya was the grandson of Jam Sri Sarsarsal Vibhaji Jadeya - the ruler of the state of Navanagar .
Before the rulers of the Jadei clan settled here, these lands were ruled by the state of the Ghaznavids and the sultans of Gujarat . In 1590, as a result of the battle of Bhuchar Mori, the rulers of Navanagar were defeated by the Mughal army. Thakor Sahib Vijoji Ajoji Jadeya was detained and sent to Delhi . The city received the name "Rajkot" in 1620 in honor of Raju Sandhi, co-founder of the Principality of Rajkot, along with Thakor Sahib Vidhoji Ajoji Jadeya.
The borders of the Principality of Rajkot were expanded under Thakor Sahib Mehramanji I Vibhodzhi, as a reward for helping to suppress resistance to the forces of the Mughal tribal empire.
In 1720, Rajkot was captured by Masum Khan, the deputy navab of Junagadh , and renamed Masumabad. In 1722, he built a defensive fortress in Rajkot with a perimeter of 4 by 5 kilometers and with walls 8 feet wide.
In 1732, Rajkot was conquered by Thakor Sahib Ranmalji Mehramanji and again renamed Rajkot. In 1818, due to a split in the ruling dynasty, local rulers adopted a protectorate of Britain. Rajkot became the location of the local British administration. During the colonial period, a number of outstanding buildings were built in Rajkot and a number of educational institutions were founded, including Rajkumar College.
In February 1948, the Principality of Rajkot, together with its neighbors, formed the United State of Saurashtra . The state capital was Rajkot. On November 1, 1956, Saurashtra was annexed to Bombay . May 1, 1960 included in the state of Gujarat .
Climate
Rajkot is located in a tropical climate zone , with hot, dry summers - from mid-March to mid-June, the wet monsoon season - from mid-June to October, when the city receives an average of 620 mm of rainfall. The months from November to March are characterized by moderate temperature (about 20 ° C) and low humidity.
One of the main natural phenomena associated with the city of Rajkot is the cyclones that form in the Arabian Sea in the first months after the rainy season. At this time, heavy rains with hurricane winds hit the land.
In summer, temperatures fluctuate between 24 ° C and 42 ° C. In the winter months, the temperature in Rajkot varies between 10 ° C and 22 ° C.
| Climate Rajkot | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicator | Jan | Feb | March | Apr | May | June | July | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Absolute maximum, ° C | 36,4 | 40,0 | 43.9 | 44,4 | 47.9 | 45.8 | 40.6 | 38.8 | 42.8 | 41.9 | 38,4 | 36,4 | 47.9 |
| Average maximum, ° C | 28,2 | 30.8 | 35,2 | 38.6 | 40.3 | 37.6 | 32.9 | 31.5 | 33,2 | 35.5 | 32.9 | 29.6 | 33 |
| Average minimum ° C | 11.8 | 13.8 | 18.0 | 21.7 | 24.8 | 26.1 | 25.1 | 24.1 | 23.1 | 21.5 | 17.6 | 13.6 | nineteen |
| Absolute minimum, ° C | −0.6 | 1,1 | 6.1 | 10.0 | 16.1 | 20,0 | 19,4 | 20.1 | 16.7 | 12,2 | 7.2 | 2,8 | −0.6 |
| Precipitation rate, mm | 1,0 | 1,0 | 1,0 | 1,6 | 3.9 | 98.9 | 242.5 | 174.3 | 101.0 | 53,2 | 10.0 | 0.8 | 689.2 |
| Source: [1] [2] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
In 2008, the city's population was 1,335,397 people, 52.43% of men and 47.57% of women. The literacy rate is 80.6%, which is higher than the national average of 59.5%. 90% of the population are Indians [5] [6] :
Culture
People in Rajkot are mostly vegetarians and oppose any kind of hunt. , this was the main reason for the preservation of rich fauna in the territories adjacent to the city.
Residents are very fond of jewelry. Large gold chains, pendants, brooches and other gold products are the usual female jewelry during weddings and holidays. Men in Rajkot love to flaunt massive gold chains and numerous finger rings.
The city has many attractions. Jubilee Gardens - a large park in the city center, which houses many monuments of the colonial time. Also in the park are the Kanahta Hall and Watson Museum.
In Rajkot is the house of Mahatma Gandhi , which currently houses a permanent exhibition dedicated to this man.
Notes
- ↑ Rajkot // Motherwort - Rumcherod. - M .: Great Russian Encyclopedia, 2015. - P. 126. - ( Great Russian Encyclopedia : [in 35 vols.] / Ch. Ed. Yu. S. Osipov ; 2004—2017, vol. 28). - ISBN 978-5-85270-365-1 .
- ↑ http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/3455/8/08_chapter%204.pdf
- ↑ Census of India: Search Details
- ↑ City Mayors: World's fastest growing urban areas (1)
- ↑ INDIA: urban population
- ↑ Gujarāt (India): State, Major Agglomerations & Cities - Statistics & Maps on City Population