Yumashev, Andrei Borisovich

Born March 18 (31), 1902 in the city of St. Petersburg in the family of an employee. Father - Yumashev Boris Petrovich. He graduated from a real school, in 1918 - classes of the Society for the Promotion of Arts . In the summer of 1918 he worked as a surveyor in the Oryol province .

In the army since August 1918. Since the end of 1919 - a cadet of 2 Petrograd artillery courses. Member of the Civil War : in October 1920-February 1921 - fighter of the artillery division (Southern Front); participated in the defeat of the troops of P. N. Wrangel and the detachments of N. I. Makhno . In 1921 he graduated from the 7th Sevastopol artillery courses. Until the end of 1922 he served in artillery (in the Kharkov Military District ).

In 1923 he graduated from the Yegoryevsk Military Theoretical Aviation School, in 1924 - from the Borisoglebsk Military Aviation School of Pilots and Serpukhov Higher School of Air Combat, Shooting and Bombing. He served in the combat units of the Air Force (in the Kiev Military District ). In 1926-1927 - pilot instructor at the Serpukhov Higher School of Air Combat, Shooting and Bombing.

In 1925 he designed and built the Yu-1 glider, with which he participated in 3 All-Union glider competitions in Koktebel . In September 1928, on the Gamayun glider, it was the first time in the country that it soared in a thermal stream; set 2 all-Union glider records.

Since 1927 - test pilot at the Air Force Research and Development Institute . He lifted into the sky and tested the experimental steel-6 aircraft; took part in state tests of fighters I-3 , I-4 , I-7 , reconnaissance R-3 , R-6 , R-7 , bombers TB-1bis , TB-3 , "Steel-7", Pe-8 , passenger aircraft ANT-9 . Set 3 world aviation records for carrying capacity on the TB-3 aircraft: September 11, 1936 - height 8.116 m with a load of 5 tons, September 16, 1936 - height 6.605 m with a load of 10 tons, September 20, 1936 - maximum load of 12 tons, lifted to a height of 2.000 m.

July 12-14, 1937 as a co-pilot on the ANT-25 aircraft (crew commander - M. M. Gromov , navigator - S. A. Danilin ) made a non-stop flight Moscow - North Pole - San Jacinto (USA) with a length of 10.148 km in a straight line (flight time - 62 hours 17 minutes). 3 world aviation records of flight range were set (of which 1 is absolute). The entire crew (the first among domestic aviators) was awarded the de Lavaux medals ( FAI awards).

For the flight and the courage and heroism shown to this, Major Andrei Borisovich Yumashev by Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of September 1, 1937 was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union with the award of the Order of Lenin. After the establishment of the badge of special distinction, he was awarded the Golden Star medal on November 4, 1939.

Since 1937 - TsAGI test pilot. He participated in the testing of experimental high-altitude aircraft BOK-7 and BOK-15.

Member of the Soviet-Finnish War : in January-February 1940, as part of the 85th Bomber Aviation Regiment, completed 6 sorties on DB-3 .

Since March 1941 - Deputy Head of the Flight Research Institute for Flight. In July-August 1941, he commanded the 2nd Separate Fighter Aviation Squadron, which took part in repelling night raids on Moscow. In August-December 1941 he was on a government trip to the United States on the acquisition of American aircraft.

Member of the Great Patriotic War: in January-February 1942 - commander of the 237th Fighter Aviation Regiment ( Kalinin Front ); in March-August 1942 - Deputy Commander of the 3rd Air Army ( Kalinin Front ); in August 1942-February 1943 - Deputy Commander of the 1st Air Army ( Western Front ); in March-June 1943 - commander of the 6th Fighter Aviation Corps ( Central Front ). He participated in a defensive operation in the area of ​​the city of Bely , in the Rzhev and Kursk battles.

In July 1943 - March 1944 - Air Force Commander of the Eastern Front of Air Defense ; in March-December 1944 - Air Force Commander of the Southern Air Defense Front . He led the air cover of the most important facilities of the Volga, Caucasus and Transcaucasia, communications and supply bases of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th Ukrainian fronts. Since February 1945 - Head of the Fighter Aviation Directorate of the Main Directorate of Combat Training of the Air Force. He participated in the preparation of the assault on Konigsberg and Berlin .

Since October 1946, Major General Aviation A. B. Yumashev - in stock. He lived in Moscow (for a long time he lived in a cottage in Alupka ). He was engaged in art, in 1946 he was admitted to the Union of Artists of the USSR . Together with the artist R.R. Falk made a number of trips to Central Asia, depicting the historical monuments of Samarkand and Bukhara, portraits of people of the East. Five personal exhibitions of his works were held (in Moscow (two), Alupka, Obninsk, San Jacinto). He died on May 20, 1988. He was buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery in Moscow.

Member of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 1st convocation (in 1937-1946).

• Hero of the Soviet Union (09/09/1937);
• two orders of Lenin (09/09/1937, 02/21/1945);
• five orders of the Red Banner (03/21/1940, 03/29/1944 ^[1] , 11/03/1944, 08/18/1945, 08/30/1945 ^[2] );
• Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree (03/11/1985);
• Order of the Red Star (08.17.1933);
• medal "For Military Merit" (10.28.1967);
• medal "For the victory over Germany" ^[3]
• other medals;
• foreign awards.

• Honorary Citizen of Los Angeles and San Jacinto .
• A street in the city of Slavyansk, Donetsk region , Ukraine is named after A. B. Yumashev
• Street in the city of Pervomaisk, Mykolayiv region, Ukraine
• In Moscow and in the village of Chkalovsky (within the city of Shchelkovo, Moscow Region), memorial plaques were installed on the houses in which he lived.

In philately

• Postage Stamps and Envelopes
•  

  M. Gromov , A. Yumashev and S. Danilin on a series of postage stamps (USSR, 1938 )

•  

  Envelope dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the flight (USSR, 1987 )

• Yumashev A.B. Range record. - Moscow: Kruk, 2002 .-- 172 p. - ISBN 5-901838-09-2 .

• Vasin V.P., Simonov A.A. Testers LII. - Zhukovsky: Aviation Printing Yard, 2001. - S. 10. - 192 p. - ISBN 5-93705-008-8 .
• Heroes of the fiery years. - Book 7. - Moscow: Moscow Worker, 1984. - S. 76-83.
• Heroes of the Soviet Union: A Brief Biographical Dictionary / Prev. ed. collegium I. N. Shkadov . - M .: Military Publishing , 1988. - T. 2 / Love - Yashchuk /. - 863 s. - 100,000 copies. - ISBN 5-203-00536-2 .
• Heroes of the Soviet Union, Heroes of the Russian Federation, full holders of the Order of Glory of the Northern Administrative District of Moscow. / Compiled by E. N. Machulsky and A. A. Simonov. - Moscow: Encyclopedia of Russian villages, 2003. - P. 43. - 472 p. - ISBN 5-88367-003-2 .
• Gromov M. M. On the earth and in the sky. - 2nd ed., Ext. and rev .. - Moscow: Glasnost-AS, 2005 .-- 528 p. - ISBN 5-85868-004-6 .
• Danilin A.S. Through the North Pole - with a world record. - Moscow: Publishing House DOSAAF, 1981. - 112 p.

Melnikov A.E. Yumashev Andrey Borisovich (Russian) . Site " Heroes of the country ". Date of treatment February 9, 2018. Archived on August 4, 2013.