His retinue (Her) of the Imperial Majesty , or retinue , or E.I.
History
Even before the foundation of the empire in the Russian kingdom , the military consisted of the tsar , who enjoyed his special trust.
At the beginning of the 19th century, His (Her) Imperial Majesty's Suite was established . Since 1843, it was part of the Imperial Headquarters . The retinue consisted of persons highly granted the following ranks.
- Generals or admirals consisting of His (Her) Imperial Majestyβs Person (the rank was introduced into the reign of Emperor Alexander I ).
- His (Her) Imperial Majesty adjutant general (the rank was introduced by Tsar Peter I in 1711 [2] , later transformed into a retinue rank).
- The retinues of His (Her) Imperial Majesty Major Generals and Rear Admirals (the rank was established by Emperor Nicholas I in 1827).
- His (Her) Imperial Majesty the adjutant wing (rank was introduced by Empress Catherine II in 1775).
In addition, His Majesty's Brigade Majors [17] were included in the Suite from 1797 to 1801. This title was established on January 7, 1797 by the highest order of Paul I [4] .
In the entire history of the Suite, only one adjutant general - P. F. Uvarov - was granted the highest decree with the status of senior adjutant general [5] .
Initially, some of the members of the Suite were on duty at the Court and carried out special orders of the emperor (empress). From the end of the XVIII century, staying in Suite finally ceased to be associated with the obligatory fulfillment of adjutant duties, retinue ranks became honorable [6] . In the 18th century, retinue ranks (initially corresponding to official duties) were excluded from the Table of Ranks .
By 1914, in the Suite of E. I. V. were listed:
- 51 Adjutant General to His Imperial Majesty;
- 64 The retinues of His Majesty Major General and Rear Admiral;
- 56 adjutant wings of His Imperial Majesty.
Their duties included the fulfillment of special orders of the emperor (for example, investigation of unrest), escort of foreign monarchs and delegations, and duty on the emperor. In the middle of the 19th century, each retinue officer had on average one duty every two months. The retinue title gave a number of privileges: the right of free passage to the imperial palace, the right to submit reports to the emperor, and so on, but did not give the right to be called a court , and when leaving the retinue, it was lost.
The ranks of the ranks were abolished by order of the military department of March 21, 1917 [7] .
Notes
- β Fig. 9. The adjutant wing of His Imperial Majesty. (In half-caftan and in a frock coat) March 15, 1855 // Changes in the uniform and armament of the troops of the Russian Imperial Army from the accession to the throne of the Sovereign Emperor Alexander Nikolaevich (with additions): Compiled by the Highest Command / Comp. Alexander II (Emperor of Russia), ill. Balashov Petr Ivanovich and Pirate Karl Karlovich . - SPb. : Military Printing House, 1857-1881. - Up to 500 copies. - Notebooks 1β111: (With drawings No. 1β661). - 47 Γ 35 cm.
- β Peter I. August 3. - Decree on the production of a number of persons in the highest military ranks // Letters and Papers of Emperor Peter the Great / Ed. Collegium: B. B. Kafengauz , A. I. Andreev , L. A. Nikiforov . - M .: Nauka , 1964 .-- T. 11, no. 2 (July - December 1711). - S. 74.
- β Miloradovich G. A. The reign of Emperor Paul I. His Majesty Brigades-majors // A list of persons of the retinue of their majesties from the reign of Emperor Peter I to 1886. By seniority of the day of appointment. Adjutant generals, retinues of major generals, outbuilding adjutants, consisting of persons, and major brigades. - Kiev: Printing house S.V. Kulzhenko , 1886 .-- S. 166-167.
- β Miloradovich G.A. Highest order January 7, 1797 // List of persons of the retinue of their majesties from the reign of Emperor Peter I to 1886. By seniority of the day of appointment. Adjutant generals, retinues of major generals, outbuilding adjutants, consisting of persons, and major brigades. - Kiev: Printing house S.V. Kulzhenko , 1886 .-- S. 171.
- β Alexander I. On the status of all adjutant generals and adjutant wings in the team of the senior adjutant general // Complete collection of laws of the Russian Empire , since 1649. - SPb. : Printing house of the II branch of His Imperial Majesty's own Chancellery , 1830. - T. XXX, 1808-1809, No. 23167 . - S. 447-448 .
- β Shepelev L. E. The retinue ranks and uniforms // Titles, uniforms and orders of the Russian Empire. - M .: Centerpolygraph, 2005 .-- S. 144β149. - 423 p. - 5,000 copies. - ISBN 5-9524-10146 -4.
- β Shepelev L.E. Titles, uniforms and orders of the Russian Empire . - M .: Centerpolygraph, 2005.
Literature
- Miloradovich G. A. The list of persons of the retinue of their majesties from the reign of Emperor Peter I to 1886. By seniority of the day of appointment. Adjutant generals, retinues of major generals, outbuilding adjutants, consisting of persons, and major brigades . - Kiev: Printing house S.V. Kulzhenko , 1886 .-- 208 p.
- Murashev G. A. Titles, ranks, awards. - SPb. , 2001.