Military police is a special service in the armed forces of many states to maintain law and order .
Content
Military Police in Russia
In the spring of 2010 in Russia it was planned to introduce the institute of the military police, which would be under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Defense of Russia . It was planned to transfer to the new power body the functions that lie on the garrison commandantβs offices , as well as part of the duties of commanders , for example, conducting inquiries in battalions and companies . Estimated staffing - 5 thousand people. The personnel were planned mainly to be recruited from among the officers with a law degree . According to the chief of the Main Directorate of Combat Training, Valery Yevnevich, all documents relating to the introduction of this institute in the Armed Forces have been worked out. [one]
In the spring of 2010 the establishment of the military police was suspended. [2] However, in October, it was reported that the decision on its creation had already been made. [3] . Defense Minister Anatoly Serdyukov said in November 2011 that the military police would start functioning in Russia from 2012. [4] In January 2014, the State Duma of the Russian Federation in the second and third readings adopted amendments to the Federal Law on Defense, supplementing it with paragraph 25.1 βMilitary Police of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federationβ. [five]
UK Military Police
Structure
- Police of the Ministry of Defense, the number of which exceeds 5 thousand people.
- Garrison Ministry of Defense Police Representatives
- military police of the armed forces . The latter is subordinated to the military police administration of the Permanent Deputy Minister of Defense.
- companies numbering 100 in each military district, compound and separate unit.
The military police are made up of special units to ensure the protection of the country's top military leadership and the organization of escorting important military delegations.
Police functions
In peacetime:
- ensuring the safety of personnel, weapons, equipment and property of the armed forces both at military sites and beyond.
- policing for military personnel and civilian personnel of the armed forces.
- patrol of military sites.
- conducting investigative and investigative activities on the territory of military facilities.
- detention and interrogation of suspicious persons.
- inspection of military vehicles.
In wartime:
- radiation and chemical reconnaissance of rear areas.
- guard and escort of prisoners of war.
- search and collection of units or individual military personnel who have lagged behind or lost contact with the troops.
Military Police in Israel
Functions:
- Control of arrested IDF soldiers.
- Investigation of crimes committed by IDF soldiers.
- Patrols to suppress traffic and disciplinary violations.
In wartime, he is engaged in controlling prisoners of war and maintaining order on the paths of movement of combat and auxiliary units.
Military Police in Italy
The functions of the military police of Italy are performed by the carabineers, which are part of the armed forces of Italy . On matters of defense, they are subordinate to the Ministry of Defense of Italy, on matters of public order - to the Ministry of the Interior of Italy.
Military Police in Kazakhstan
Established in accordance with the Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan of April 22, 1997 No. 3465 βOn measures for further reforming the system of law enforcement agencies of the Republic of Kazakhstanβ
The military police are special military units that are organizationally part of the Armed Forces , national security agencies , the National Guard of the Republic of Kazakhstan and carry out the functions of ensuring law and order in the Armed Forces, other troops and military formations of the Republic of Kazakhstan [6] .
The main tasks of the military police of Kazakhstan are:
- ensuring law and order in the Kazakh army, in other troops and military formations of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
- prevention, prevention, detection, suppression and disclosure of crimes and offenses.
- search for military personnel.
- ensuring the safety of the road of military vehicles (organization of the road and commandant's service).
Military Police in China
US Military Police
History
The US military police corps as a branch of the army was created in 1941 [7] .
Initial tasks:
- investigation of crimes in the armed forces.
- control over compliance with the law.
- prevention of disciplinary offenses.
- control and regulation of the movement of military vehicles.
- security of military personnel.
- investigation of theft of property.
- the maintenance of prisoner of war camps.
- assisting combat units in destroying enemy airborne assault forces.
During the war in Korea (1950-1953) , another task was added to the original ones: the fight against speculation and the illegal sale by the US military of army property.
During the Vietnam War, military police were involved in:
- regulation of movement in the combat zone.
- protection of columns, highways and bridges.
- search and eliminate the underground moves of the enemy message.
- control over the movement of refugees and internees.
- direct participation in defensive battles (especially in Saigon during the Tet offensive ).
Structure
US military police has approx. 30 thousand personnel. (data for 2018)
Officers are trained in the military police school (Fort McClelan, Alabama ).
The head of the US military police is the head of the military police - deputy general inspector of the ground forces.
The military police consists of:
- individual brigades and battalions in the army corps .
- mouth in divisions
- squadrons of military police in the US Air Force.
- two battalions of marines in the US Navy.
Police Functions
- maintaining discipline in garrisons and bases.
- protection of objects.
- investigation of military crimes.
- traffic control.
- anti-terrorism measures.
- eliminating or assisting in the elimination of civil unrest, including in those countries where units and divisions of the US armed forces are stationed.
French military police
Police Functions
The gendarmerie performs tasks in the interests of the armed forces, and also performs a significant amount of police and administrative functions in the interests of the entire state. The gendarmerie is interdepartmental in nature and is also coordinated with the French Ministry of the Interior and the French Ministry of Justice.
Structure
The gendarmerie is led by the French Minister of Defense.
The immediate superior of the military police is the general director, who heads the Main Directorate.
Gendarmerie consists of:
- central office and technical services
- territorial commands and subordinates to them:
- department gendarmerie
- mobile gendarmerie
- Republican Guard.
- units and subunits stationed outside France, in departments and as part of the group of French troops in Germany
- specialized formations.
Department gendarmerie - designed for the protection and defense of important objects, maintaining public order, collecting and transmitting data on the internal situation, and keeping records of reserve components.
Mobile gendarmerie - performs the tasks of ensuring public order and in fact is an operational reserve of the security forces.
The Republican Guard is a special militarized unit to ensure security and security at important state facilities (the residence of the President of France and the Prime Minister of France, the National Assembly, etc.).
Specialized formations - ensure the protection of sensitive sites, oversee the observance of law and order and the rule of law, help administrative services in their daily activities.
The military police has about 94 thousand personnel.
Military Police in Germany
The German Military Police is an independent branch of the Bundeswehr Ground Forces, solving tasks in the interests of the Air Force , Navy , as well as NATO Allied forces in Germany. Military police officers in Germany are called FeldjΓ€gers ( German: FeldjΓ€ger ).
The military police of Germany has about 4,500 personnel.
Structure
The central command of the military police in the Bundeswehr is not provided. The leadership of the military police units is carried out by the division commander through his headquarters.
Police Functions
In peacetime:
- protection of military facilities, government agencies;
- provision of transportation;
- maintaining or restoring order and discipline in units and subunits;
- prevention of criminal actions against military personnel and military facilities of the Bundeswehr and allied forces.
In wartime:
- carries out primary control at the collection points for servicemen lagging behind military units;
- organizes the protection and transportation of prisoners of war;
- regulates the movement and protection of troop advance routes;
- assists the federal police in regulating the flow of refugees.
Notes
- β The Minister of Defense will legitimize the military police // βRossiyskaya Gazetaβ - Federal Issue No. 5053 (229) dated December 2, 2009. The emblem of the military police is a patch with a heraldic double-headed eagle holding a sword in one paw, and the symbol of Italian fascists in another paw - an ax surrounded by twigs tied with ribbon.
- β has passed
- β The Army will acquire its own police (Inaccessible link) . Circulation date October 15, 2010. Archived October 18, 2010.
- β Serdyukov: In 2012, the military police will appear in the army
- β Ria News. The State Duma adopted a law on the activities of the military police - http://ria.ru/defense_safety/20140124/991191436.html
- β About the military police. Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan of February 21, 2005 No. 32
- β Captain P. Brateev. The United States Military Police // Foreign Military Review, No. 10 (799), October 2013. p. 19-23
Links
- "Military Police" on the website "Dictionaries and Encyclopedias on Academician"
- "Military Police" on the site of the Edge. RU
- Wikimedia Commons has media related to Military Police