Pioneer Square - the area between Zagorodny Prospekt , Marat , Zvenigorodskaya Streets and Poddezdochny Lane in St. Petersburg .
Pioneer Square St. Petersburg | ||
general information | ||
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City District | Admiralteysky | |
Police unit | Moscow part | |
Former names | Semenov Platz | |
Nearest metro stations | Zvenigorod Pushkinskaya | |
on Yandex map | ||
on google map | ||
Content
History
Semenov Platz at the end of the 18th and 19th centuries
At the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries , the Moscow , Jaeger and Semenovsky regiments were stationed in this area. As a result of the barracks , an area of 26 hectares was formed, which began to be used as a parade ground . The borders of this parade ground in the north and east from the end of the 18th century were modern Zagorodny Prospekt and Zvenigorodskaya Street, respectively.
In the 19th century, the Semenov Platz new borders appeared - the Obvodny and Vvedensky canals (the Vvedensky canal connected the Fontanka with Obvodny; at the end of the 1960s it was filled up, since 1980 - Vvedensky canal street).
In 1836 - 1837, the first passenger railway in Russia from Petersburg to Tsarskoye Selo and Pavlovsk was laid from Semenovsky Square. Now, from the western part of the parade ground, railways were limited.
From the middle of the 19th century, public executions began to be carried out at the Semyonovsky parade ground. So, in 1849, the execution was staged here over the participants of the Butashevich-Petrashevsky circle (at the last moment it was announced that the execution was replaced by hard labor). Among the survivors of this event was Fedor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky .
In 1862, stalls were placed on the parade ground. They appeared here on a temporary basis, merchants traded in tents, whose trading places burned down during a fire in Apraksin Yard . After the construction of the Alexander Market near Fontanka, merchants moved to new premises.
On April 3, 1881, the executioners of the Volunteers - the organizers of the assassination of Emperor Alexander II , were executed on the Semyonovsky parade ground. Zhelyabov , Kibalchich , Rysakov , Mikhailov and Perovskaya were hanged in front of the assembled audience. One of the most dramatic moments of the execution was connected with Mikhailov. According to tradition, it was customary to have mercy on someone who could not stand the rope when hanging. Mikhailov’s rope was torn twice, but the sentence was still carried out. The execution of the People’s Volunteers was the last public execution in St. Petersburg (not counting the public execution of war criminals on Kalinin Square in 1946).
In the 1880s , a hippodrome was built on the Semenovsky parade ground, designed by Leonty Benois . The first races were held here in the winter of 1880-1881. Initially, all the racecourse facilities were temporary, and Benoit gradually gave the hippodrome a fundamental look. Stands with tent towers were erected around the field according to the architect’s design. Races were held here on Sundays. And it was just running, racing at the Semenov hippodrome that never happened. In 1893, the first football match in St. Petersburg was held at the hippodrome [1] .
In the 1890s, festivities began to be held between the hippodrome and the railway. In 1898, booths and merry-go-rounds finally moved from the city center to Semenovsky Square.
First Half of the 20th Century
At the beginning of the 20th century, the entire area of the Semenovsk parade ground was built up: in 1906-1916 barracks were built on this territory, the first railway battalion (guarding the road), an automobile company and a military-automobile school were located here. In addition, a printing house appeared between Zvenigorodskaya Ulitsa 11 and Semyonovsky Platz, where albums and books were issued, which received high awards at international exhibitions.
The Semenov hippodrome continued to function until World War II . It was destroyed during the blockade .
Postwar development of the square
After World War II, a wasteland was located on the site of the ruined hippodrome until the early 1950s, and then a park of 11 hectares.
In the 1950s, Marata Street was extended through the former parade ground to the Poddezhnaya Lane. New buildings were built at the intersection and a landscaped area began to take shape.
In 1955, the Pushkinskaya metro station was opened near this square.
In 1959, a monument to A. S. Griboedov by the sculptor V. V. Lishev was unveiled here.
In May 1962 , on the day of the 40th anniversary of the V.I. Lenin All-Union Pioneer Organization , a new building of the Leningrad Theater for Young Spectators opened in the center of the square (chief architect A.V. Zhuk ; architects T. Korotkova, I. Kornilov, N. Fedorova). The theater moved here from the building of the former Tenishevsky school on Mokhovaya Street , which he had occupied since 1922. In September of the same year, the square was given its current name - Pioneer Square . Since 1980, the theater bears the name of its founder: now it is the State Theater of Young Spectators named after A. A. Bryantsev .
Modernity
In 2006, the reconstruction of the square was planned. The project provided for the replacement of all concrete slabs of the square and the opening of the fountain complex [2] (similar projects were carried out on Moscow Square and Lenin Square ). But then funding was not allocated. In 2009, Zvenigorodskaya metro station was opened near the square. In 2014, according to the project of LLC “Alexey Sholokhov Group“ Baltservicedesign ”, architects Alexey and Galina Sholokhov, the garden on Pionerskaya Square was overhauled, including reconstruction of pedestrian transits, replacement of paving, small architectural forms, playgrounds, planting of new flower trees and shrubs. Reconstructed garden Solemnly opened on September 9, 2014 by the Governor of St. Petersburg G. S. Poltavchenko. [3] In 2015, it is planned to repair the ramps of the Youth Theater and paving the square on the site adjacent to the Theater for Young Spectators .
Rallies often take place in the square.
Notes
- ↑ Semenov Platz // St. Petersburg. Petrograd. Leningrad: Encyclopedic. ref. / ed. col .: L.N. Belova et al. - M .: Big Russian Encyclopedia , 1992. - P. 570. - 80,000 copies. - ISBN 5-85270-037-1 .
- ↑ On Pionerskaya Square they want to create a fountain complex // Karpovka.net . - July 13, 2006
- ↑ Square at the Youth Theater in St. Petersburg opened ahead of schedule
Literature
- Gorbachevich K. S. , Khablo E. P. Why are they so named? On the origin of the names of streets, squares, islands, rivers and bridges of Leningrad. - 3rd ed., Rev. and add. - L .: Lenizdat , 1985 .-- S. 292. - 511 p.
- St. Petersburg. Encyclopedic reference book. - M .: "Big Russian Encyclopedia", 1992. - 688 p.
- City names today and yesterday: Petersburg toponymy / comp. S.V. Alekseeva, A.G. Vladimirovich , A.D. Erofeev et al. - 2nd ed., Revised. and add. - SPb. : Lick , 1997 .-- S. 94. - 288 p. - (Three centuries of Northern Palmyra). - ISBN 5-86038-023-2 .
- Gorbachevich K. S. , Khablo E. P. Why are they so named? On the origin of the names of streets, squares, islands, rivers and bridges of St. Petersburg. - SPb. : Norint , 2002 .-- 353 p. - ISBN 5-7711-0019-6 .
Links
- Overview of street buildings on Citywalls