Nikifor Grigora ( Greek Νικηφόρος Γρηγοράς , c. 1295 - c. 1360 ) - Byzantine philosopher, theologian, historian, astronomer, writer. Born in Hercules of Pontus .
| Nicephorus Grigor | |
|---|---|
 Nicephorus Grigor | |
| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | Heraclea Pontic |
| Date of death | |
| A place of death | |
| A country | |
| Scientific field | history , astronomy |
Content
- 1 Essay on biography and creativity
- 2 notes
- 3 Works
- 4 Literature
- 5 Links
Essay on Biography and Creativity
At an early age, he settled in Constantinople , where Andronicus II became aware of his reputation as a scientist, with whom he was appointed hartophilax (archival keeper). In 1326, Grigora proposed (in work that has come down to our time) certain changes in the calendar, the emperor refused to introduce because of fear of unrest; About two hundred years later, the reforms were carried out by Gregory XIII on almost the same terms.
When Andronicus was overthrown ( 1328 ) by his grandson Andronicus III , Grigora showed solidarity and went into private life. He was hardly persuaded to take part in a verbal duel with the famous Calabrian monk Varlaam , where the latter was put to shame. This contributed to the growth of Grigory's reputation and led to many students.
Grigor remained faithful to Andronicus the Elder until the last, but after his death he succeeded in winning the favor of his grandson, whom he was appointed to conduct unsuccessful negotiations on the union of the Greek and Latin Churches with the envoys of Pope John XXII ( 1333 ). Subsequently, Grigor played an important role in the subsequent Hesychast disputes following the defeat of Varlaam, in which he fiercely opposed Grigory Palamas , who was not satisfied with the defeat of Varlaam alone, the main inspirer of the movement to cleanse Orthodoxy from idealism as a whole. After the teachings of Palamas were recognized by the Cathedral in 1351 , Grigor, who refused to accept it, was actually imprisoned for two years in the monastery. Nothing is known about the last years of his life.
The main work of Grigory is “Roman History” (the accepted traditional name [4] , the translation is “The History of the Romans”) in 37 books, describing the events from 1204 to 1359 . It partly complements, partly continues the work of George Pakhimer . Grigora discovers impressive scrupulousness, but his style is pompous and tendentious. More than close attention is paid to religious issues and dogmatic disputes. This work and the work of John Kantakuzin complement and clarify each other and should be studied together. Other writings of Grigory, which (with rare exceptions) still remain unreleased, prove his amazing versatility. Among them are the history of the dispute with Palamas, the biographies of his uncle and educator John, Metropolitan Iraklei, as well as the martyr Kondratius of Antioch, speeches on the death of Theodore Metohit and two emperors Andronikov, comments on the wanderings of Odysseus and the treatise Sinesia about dreams, treatises on orthography and about words with unclear meanings, the philosophical dialogue “Florentine or On Wisdom”, astronomical works on calculating Easter and preparing astrolabe ; extensive correspondence.
Notes
- ↑ German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 118697463 // General regulatory control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ Swartz A. Open Library - 2007.
- ↑ 1 2 Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes - 1999.
- ↑ BDT 22, p. 724.
Compositions
- Ming. Patrologia graeca, vol. 148, 149.
- Rhomäische Geschichte / Historia Rhomaike. Übersetzt und erläutert von Jan Louis van Dieten. In Fortsetzung der Arbeit von Jan Louis van Dieten übers. und erl. von Franz Tinnefeld. 6 Bände in 7 Teilen (Bibliothek der griechischen Literatur Bde 4, 8, 9, 24, 39, 59, 66). Stuttgart: Hiersemann, 1973–2007.
- Nicephorus Grigor. Roman history. // Ed. P. Shalfeeva. - SPb .: SPbDA, 1862 (only the first volume was published).
- Nicephorus Grigor. History of the Romans. In 3 t. / Per. with Greek. R.V. Yashunsky, entry. Art. L. Gerd. SPb .: Publishing project "Quadrivium", 2013, 2014, 2016.
- Volume 1. Books I-XI. 2013. XLII, 438 c. ISBN 978-5-4386-0136-4
- Volume 2. Books XII-XXIV (beginning). 2014. VIII, 496 p. ISBN 978-5-4240-0095-9
- Volume 3. Books XXIV-XXXVI. 2014. VIII, 496 p. ISBN 978-5-7164-0706-0
Literature
- E.Th. Theodossiou, VN Manimanis, MS Dimitrijevi, E. Danezis. Nicephoros Gregoras: the greatest Byzantine astronomer, Astronomical & Astrophysical Transactions, Volume 25, Issue 1, February 2006, pages 105-118. Article on the journal website
- E.Th. Theodossiou, VN Manimanis, MS Dimitrijevi, E. Danezis. The greatest Byzantine astronomer Nicephoros Gregoras and Serbs. Publications of the Astronomical Observatory of Belgrade, Vol. 80, p. 269—274, 2006. online