Fatehpur Sikri

Its name - City of Victory - it received after the victory of the Mughal emperor Babur over Rama Sanu in the battle of Khanva (about 40 km from Agra ). Then Emperor Akbar I made the city his capital and built a fort here. The capital was only 10 years old, and in 1586 the emperor was forced to relocate to Lahore, closer to the hectic northwestern borders with Afghanistan. With the departure of the ruler, the city was empty forever. Akbar had no children, but after the blessing of the Sufi Salim Chisti, he had a son, named Salim in his honor and who later became the heir to the throne under the name Jahangir . In memory of Salim Chisti in 1571, Akbar built the mausoleum of Salim-Chisti-Ka-Mazar . At first it was built of red sandstone, but was later rebuilt in marble .

Fatehpur Sikri shared its capital functions with Agra, in the Red Fort of which part of the weapons depots, treasures and other reserves were located. During the crisis, management, the harem and the treasury could be moved to Agra in less than a day.

According to the 2001 census in India ^{[3], the} population of Fatehpur Sikri is 28,754. By gender, 53% of the population are men, 47% are women. The literacy rate is 46%, which is less than the national average (59.5%). The literacy rate of the male population is 57%, female - 34%. 19% of the population of Fatehpur Sikri are children under the age of 6 years.

The buildings of Fatehpur Sikri are the result of a synthesis of various architectural schools, such as Rajput and Mughal . This is due to the fact that architects from various regions of India were involved in their construction. Elements of the architecture of Hinduism and Jainism are closely intertwined with Islamic . The predominant building material was red sandstone.

Among the most famous buildings of the city:

• Naubat Khan - the drum house is not far from the entrance to the city, in which important persons were announced.
• Divan-i-Am - a room for meeting the ruler with the public, the type of structure is often found in other Mughal cities.
• Divan-i-Khas - a room for personal meetings, is known for its central column with 36 brackets , supporting a round platform on which the ruler sat.
• The house of Raji Birbal is the home of Hindu ministers close to Akbar.
• Mariam-az-Zamani Palace - the palace was built at the beginning of the XVII century under the influence of Gujarati architecture.
• Panch Mahal is a five-story palace building.
• Buland Darwaza is one of the gates to the Jama Masjid.
• Jama Masjid is a mosque built in the manner of Indian mosques.
• Mausoleum of Salima Chisti .

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  Five-story Punch Mahal

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  Buland Darwaza

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  Sofa-i-Khas with four Chatri on the roof (c. 1580)

• Fatehpur Sikri - An Ancient City in India (inaccessible link)