Yakushkina, Anastasia Vasilievna

The youngest daughter of Vasily Petrovich Sheremetev (1765-1808) from his marriage with Nadezhda Nikolaevna Tyutcheva (1775-1850) (aunt of the poet F. I. Tyutchev and sister E. N. Meshcherskaya ). Having lost her father early, she was raised by her mother in the estate Pokrovsky near Moscow, where she had “her singers, her orchestra, even her own theater” ^[2] .

On November 5, 1822, at the request of her mother, she married a retired captain I. D. Yakushkin. Moreover, the peculiar Nadezhda Nikolaevna was first of all captivated by her future son-in-law, his mind and attractiveness, and outlined him to her son-in-law, not at all needing the consent of her daughter . Aleksey Sheremetev , having learned that Yakushkin was designated as his mother for his beloved sister Anastasia, and knowing how much he was involved in a secret society, he tried in every possible way to dissuade Nadezhda Nikolaevna from this marriage ^[2] .

After the wedding, the young lived in Pokrovsky, where in 1823 their son Vyacheslav was born, and at the beginning of 1826, when Yakushkin was arrested and sat in the fortress, his second son, Eugene. Convicted, Yakushkin was sentenced to exile in hard labor. During his imprisonment in the fortress, his wife and mother and children arrived in St. Petersburg and made a date. When Yakushkin was sent to Finland in August 1826 after the sentence, his mother-in-law and wife were able to meet him at the station in Pargolov , where Yakushkin agreed with his wife that she and his children would follow him to Siberia.

However, the emperor categorically ordered Yakushkina to leave the children in Russia. Anastasia Vasilievna agreed to go without children, leaving them in the care of her mother. P.N. Myslovsky also applied for permission to leave Anastasia Vasilievna ^[5] , but Yakushkin himself opposed this (he met his wife and mother-in-law in Yaroslavl on the way from the Rochensalm fort “Slava” to Siberia). As he later wrote: "only she alone could give a true direction to the education of our sons." The painful experiences of Anastasia Vasilievna were preserved in her diary, she wrote to her husband in 1827 ^[6] :

... I have for you all the feelings of love, friendship, respect, enthusiasm, and I would give everything in the world to be perfect, so that you can have the same exceptional feeling for me that I have for you. You can be happy without me, knowing that I am with our children, and I, even being with them, cannot be happy.

Yakushkin’s feeling for his wife was not equivalent to what she experienced . Spiritually, he was much closer to Nadezhda Nikolaevna . Maybe a significant difference in age or his previous love for Princess N. D. Shcherbatova lay between the spouses . Yakushkin persisted for four years and agreed to his wife's arrival in 1831 , believing that the children had grown up and could very well stay with her grandmother. On April 3, 1832, on a report by Benckendorf drawn up at the request of Yakushkina on permission to leave, Nicholas I imposed a resolution "reject on a plausible pretext." Benckendorf answered Yakushkina ^[7] :

... The Emperor, according to my most comprehensive report on your desire to go to Siberia to your husband, your highest commanded me to notify you that at first all the wives of state criminals were allowed to follow their husbands to Siberia, but you did not use this permission at one time, then you cannot receive it now, for you are now needed for your children and must sacrifice for them their desire to see her husband.

Separated from her husband, Anastasia Vasilievna lived with children in Moscow. According to the opinion of the youngest son, “she was a perfect beauty, remarkably smart and excellently educated” ^[8] . Being the spoiler of the family, the character was impetuous, uneven, restless, witty, mocking, full of contradictions, always loving to turn heads, enjoying success and often laughing at her victims. According to S. D. Sheremetev, “with her radiant, mysterious eyes, Anastasia Vasilievna captivated, knocked down and confused everyone. In relation to her, the young rector of the Moscow Theological Academy, the future church historian, and the kind-hearted and impressionable Filaret Gumilevsky were no stranger to some ” ^[2] .

In the last year of her life, she was sick a lot and because of pain in her side did not get out of bed . Died on February 20, 1846, eleven years before her husband’s death. Upon learning of the death of his wife, I.D. Yakushkin in memory of her opened the first school for girls in Siberia. Comforting N. N. Sheremetev, Filaret wrote: “For years this is an unexpected death, but it was sent when the mother became almost no longer needed for sons. Our Nastasya often joked with people in words; but not always joking in my heart. As you wish, I cannot but praise her mind in the choice of the time of death. Think and you will agree with me ” ^[9] .

• Brother - Alex
• Sister - Pelagia (1802-1871), married to M. N. Muravyov .
  • Son - Vyacheslav (09.16.1823-1861)
  • Son - Eugene (01/22/1826 - 04/27/1905)

• Anastasia Yakushkina at the Rodovod . Tree of ancestors and descendants
• Curriculum Vitae on the Decembrists Museum website
• Myslovsky Yakushkina’s letter to the Russian Literature and Folklore Fair