Ginzburg, Evgenia Solomonovna

Eugenia Ginzburg was born in Moscow into a Jewish family. Her parents: a native of Grodno , a pharmacist Solomon Abramovich (Natanovich) Ginzburg (1876-1938) and Rebekka Markovna (1881-1949), a native of Vilna ^{[3] [4] [5]} .

From 1920 to 1922, Eugenia Ginzburg studied at the Faculty of Social Sciences at Kazan University , after which she transferred to the 3rd year of the public department of the Kazan Eastern Pedagogical Institute , which she graduated in June 1924 (specialty history, later defended as a candidate of historical sciences). A member of the CPSU (b) since 1932, an education worker in Kazan , an employee of the regional newspaper Krasnaya Tatariya, a correspondent for Literary Newspaper.

She was repressed in 1937 , sentenced to imprisonment by the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court under article 58, paragraphs 8 and 11, accused of participating in a Trotskyist terrorist organization. Sentence: 10 years in prison with loss of rights for 5 years and with confiscation of property ^[6] . In August of that year, as “the father and mother of the enemy of the people,” her parents were arrested. Spent 10 years in prisons (including Butyrki and Yaroslavl political prison ) and Kolyma camps ( Elgen , Taskan ), 8 years in “unlimited” exile.

In exile in Magadan, Eugene Ginzburg married the prisoner, Dr. Anton Yakovlevich Walter. The couple adopted a girl, a complete orphan, Antonina Khinchinskaya (subsequently actress Antonina Pavlovna Aksyonova ^{[7] [8]} ).

Having achieved complete rehabilitation, Ginzburg spent almost 10 years in Lviv , where she lived at the address. Shevchenko, 8, together with her third husband Anton Walter. After his death in 1966, she again settled in Moscow, on the street. 1st Airport , worked in journalism. In Lviv, Ginzburg also created an alternative version of the Steep Route, which was distinguished by much sharper and more consistent anti-Stalinist rhetoric. According to some reports, it was called "Under the Shade of the Lucifer Wing." But in 1965, fearing a new arrest and exile in connection with the intensified persecution of Ukrainian nationalists, Ginzburg destroyed this manuscript and all its drafts ^[9] .

She was buried in Moscow at the Kuzminsky cemetery .

The mother of the writer Vasily Aksyonov , wife of the chairman of the Kazan City Council, Pavel Aksyonov .

The eldest son Alexei - from his first marriage with Dr. Dmitry Fedorov, a teacher at the First Leningrad Medical Institute, died during the siege of Leningrad , where he and his father were caught in the Great Patriotic War.

Sister - Natalya Solomonovna Ginzburg, sociologist, employee of the Laboratory of Economic Sociology at the Leningrad Financial and Economic Institute.

The author of the autobiographical novel Steep Route ( 1967 , second part - 1975 - 1977 ), one of the first literary works telling about Stalinist repressions in the USSR. The first publication took place in Milan (Mondadori Publishing House, 1967), where it was exported as an audio recording. Export and subsequent publication were made without the knowledge of the author. In the USSR, “Steep Route” was first published in 1988 , before which it was distributed in samizdat .

In 1989, Galina Volchek staged the play “The Steep Route” in the Sovremennik Theater, staged by A. Getman. In the role of Evgenia Semenovna - the main character of the play and memories - Marina Neyolova was taken. ^[10]

In 2009, a film was made in the International Cooperation based on the book “The Steep Route”, entitled “ ”. The film was shown at the Gdansk Festival. The film is not accepted for showing in the cinema. Available online.

• Studying the October Revolution in a second-level school. Kazan, 1927.
• Bourgeois nationalists are expelled from the ranks of writers. // Literary newspaper. 1936. No. 55.
• So it began. Notes of the teacher. Kazan. 1963
• Steep route. Milano Mondadori, 1967.
• Steep route. (in 2 books). Riga, 1989.

• Cossack V. Lexicon of Russian literature of the XX century = Lexikon der russischen Literatur ab 1917 / [trans. with him.]. - M .: RIC "Culture", 1996. - XVIII, 491, [1] p. - 5,000 copies. - ISBN 5-8334-0019-8 .

• Eugene Ginsburg. Biography on eldb.ru
• “Lyadsky kindergarten of my childhood ...” (V.P. Aksyonov “Kazan period of life”) // Echo of centuries. Scientific Documentary Journal, No. 2, 2006
• Lesnyak B. N. “I have come to you!” Chapter “Evgeniya Semenovna Ginzburg” (neopr.) . Memories of the Gulag and their authors . Museum and Community Center named after Andrei Sakharov. - Criticism of the novel Steep Route. Date of treatment May 16, 2012. Archived May 27, 2012.
• Photo by Eugenia Ginzburg: 2 , 3 .