Cana

Japanese writing

Kanji • 漢字

Cana • 仮名

Katakana • 片仮名
Hiragana • 平仮名

Using

Furigan • 振り仮名
Okurigan • 送り仮名

Historical

Manjegan • 万葉仮名
Hentaygana • 変体仮名

Transcription

Romaji • ローマ字
- Kunrai Shiki • 訓令式
- Nippon Shiki • 日本式
- Hepburn • ヘボン式
Cyrillic
- Polivanov • キリル文字

Phonology • 日本語の音韻

Kana ( Japanese 仮仮 ) is a Japanese syllabic alphabet that exists in two graphic forms: katakana and hiragana ^[Note. ^1] .

Two types of kana differ in their styles: the hiragana signs are rounded (ひらがな), while the katakana signs are angular (カタカナ). Only a few signs are similar (the most obvious similarities are か and カ , り and リ , せ and セ ), and only the signs へ and ヘ almost completely coincide. If you do not take into account the extension of the katakana (for the Ainu language ), then the correspondence between the signs of hiragana and katakana is one-to-one, that is, any text written by hiragana can be written in the same way as katakana and vice versa.

The signs of hiragana are written in the variable parts of Japanese words ( okurigan ), the words themselves, as well as, often, an explanatory reading of the hieroglyphs (lateral kana - furigan ). Katakana today is mainly used to write words borrowed from other, primarily European languages (the so-called lexical borrowings “ gairaigo ”).

There are also obsolete syllabic alphabets: hentaygana and maneogana .

Content

1 Record
2 Pronunciation
3 See also
4 notes
5 Links

Record

As with kanji characters , for kana characters there is a certain order and way of writing lines. Unlike kanji, for which there are strict rules for writing traits in a character for unification (which allows to improve readability by highlighting keys; writing speed), in the kan, the rules are individual (there are common elements) for each character, which makes it easier to identify them among similar:

between different characters in a katakana / hiragana, for example, ツ and シ, ソ and ン;
between writing the kana symbol katakana and hiragana, for example, へ and ヘ (へ has a rounded bend and a larger angle in the bend, usually has a “tail” at the beginning of the symbol);
between kana and kanji, for example: ス and 入, ホ and 木.

Pronunciation

There are phonetic differences between the Japanese and Russian languages - differences in the pronunciation of sounds, the neglect of which leads to an accent of the speaker not in his own language (incorrect pronunciation of sounds).

Notes

↑ Katakana can be expanded and supplemented , unlike hiragana.

Links

Prescription Cana (PDF) (neopr.) . Date of treatment December 20, 2010. Archived February 9, 2012.

[1] Katakana can be expanded and supplemented , unlike hiragana.