Optical-electronic complex “Window” (index 4 of the Main Directorate of the USSR Ministry of Defense 54Zh6 , is in service with military unit 52168 , also known as “Nurek” in the nearest city) - a complex for monitoring space using telescopes. It is a component of the space monitoring system (SSS) . Designed to quickly obtain information about the space situation, cataloging space objects of artificial origin, determine their class, purpose and current status. The complex allows detecting any space objects at altitudes from 2,000 km to 40,000 km, including geostationary orbits .
The complex is located (38.280923, 69.225309) at an altitude of 2216 m above sea level in the Sanglokh Mountains ( Pamir ), near the town of Nurek ( Tajikistan ) in the area of the Khodzharki village. It is the property of Russia and is part of its space forces . Has been on operational combat duty since 1999 . It allows you to detect, recognize and calculate orbits of space objects in automatic mode at altitudes from 2 thousand to 40 thousand km. and larger than one meter. The complex is also capable of serving low-orbit space objects with flight altitudes from 120 to 2000 km. Designed Krasnogorsk plant them. S.A. Zverev .
The principle of operation of the complex is based on the passive location of space objects in the reflected sunlight. Direct observation of space is carried out at night, in automatic mode. During one session (“night”), the complex provides information about all known and newly discovered space objects. In addition, any spacecraft launched into orbit from any cosmodrome within a radius of more than 2,000 km fell within the range of the complex for several turns.
The location of OEK Window was chosen taking into account the properties of the atmosphere (optical transparency and stability) and the number of clear night hours (about 1500 hours per year).
Military unit number 52168 was originally located 9 km south-west of Nurek at around 1,785.5 m. At present, the military camp is located directly in the city of Nurek, the original site after the civil war in Tajikistan has not been restored and is currently abandoned.
August 18, 2006 at 11:45 (UTC) an earthquake of 4.7 magnitude occurred . The epicenter was located at a distance of 4 km from the OKE OKNO, hypocenter at a depth of 10 km.
Content
Creation History
The development of the complex began in 1961. At the development stage, experience in creating high-precision astronomical facilities (WAC) was used . For 1972, it was estimated at 120,000,000 rubles. For this reason, the project was frozen until 1974.
The military unit was formed on July 24, 1980 [1] . At first, barracks and a car park were built on the left bank of the Vakhsh River . In 1985, parts of the shelters of the domes began to be installed at the location of the unit. The construction was carried out with the use of the military unit of Stroybat No. 14464 (companies "A", "B" and "B") under the supervision of the colonel of the engineering troops Trachtenberg. In 1988, the installation of process equipment began in the first technological building of the complex. In 1991, almost all process equipment was installed.
In the summer of 1992, due to the exacerbation of the socio-political situation and the beginning of the civil war in Tajikistan, all construction and industrial organizations that participated in the construction of the complex left the site. In November 1992, all children and most of the members of military families were evacuated to Russia.
In 1999, the complex was put on experimental combat duty. On combat duty delivered in January 2014. [2] In March 2004, a smaller part of the ten substations took up combat duty [3] . In October 2004, the complex became the property of Russia [4] .
On July 31, 2009, the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the RF Armed Forces, Dmitry Medvedev, and the President of the Republic of Tajikistan, Emomali Rakhmon , visited the complex [5] .
State tests of the space object recognition complex “Window” in Tajikistan in the interests of the Russian aerospace defense forces were to take place in the summer period of 2014, after which the complex was to be put on duty [6] .
In November 2014, the state tests of the complex were completed [7] . Four more optoelectronic stations were commissioned, modern television equipment was installed, as well as a new generation of computing facilities developed on the basis of the Russian element base.
The composition of the complex
- Search optoelectronic detection station
- Optoelectronic tracking station
- Communication and data center
- Weather station
- Command and Computing Center
Notes
- ↑ Optical-electronic complex "Window". 30 years on guard of space frontiers
- ↑ St. Petersburg statements from 09/29/2015, "Identified flying objects"
- ↑ Russian Space Forces expand control over objects in space
- ↑ Tajikistan handed over to Russia an electronic space tracking station Archived on February 18, 2011.
- ↑ Dmitry Medvedev and President of Tajikistan Emomali Rakhmon visited the Russian optical space station for detection and recognition of space objects (ECO) “Window”. Archived November 29, 2014.
- ↑ RF is preparing to launch a space monitoring system at full capacity
- ↑ The space control system "Window" will go into service. 11/17/2014
Links
- "" Window "into space" , the program "News of the Week", May 19, 2013 - text
- “The Window to Space” , the program “News of the Week”, May 19, 2013 - video
- Window into space
- Complex "Window"
- A window into space, the newspaper "Red Star"
- Complex "Window" on Google Maps