Paramita

Paramita ( Skt. पारमिता , pāramitā ^IAST “leading to the other side”, Chinese ru . 波羅蜜 多 , pall .: Bolomido ) - “transcendental perfection”, “perfection”). Paramitas are six interconnected actions, “forwarding to that shore of the ocean of existence,” that is, leading to liberation and enlightenment ; it is the “liberating action."

In different schools of Buddhism, lists of six and ten paramitas are used:

1. Generosity ( given ) is an action that opens up any situation. Generosity can be practiced at the level of material things, strength and joy, education, etc., but the best kind of generosity is to give others development and knowledge about the nature of the mind, that is, Dharma (Buddha’s Teaching), making them independent at the highest level;
2. Ethics (awl) - means to lead a meaningful, useful life for oneself and others. It is practical to adhere to the meaningful, and to avoid the negative at the level of the body, speech and mind;
3. Patience (ksanti) - do not lose what is accumulated positive in the "fire of anger." This does not mean “turning the other cheek” - it means acting effectively, but without anger;
4. Diligence (virya) is hard work, work hard without losing the fresh joy of effort. Only by investing in something big efforts without discouragement and laziness, you can achieve access to special qualities and energies and effectively move towards the goal;
5. Meditation (dhyana) is what makes life truly valuable. Using the meditations of Shinei and Lhatong (Skt .: Shamatha (calm) and Vipashyana (enlightenment), as in a laboratory, the skill of working with the mind is formed, the distance to emerging and disappearing thoughts and feelings and a deep vision of its nature develops;
6. Wisdom ( prajnaparamita ) - knowledge of the true nature of the mind - emptiness - "openness, clarity and infinity." True spontaneous wisdom is not a multitude of ideas, but an intuitive understanding of everything. Here is the key to excellence in all paramits. It is this understanding that the subject, object and action have the same nature that makes all the other five paramitas liberating.

Sometimes, speaking of ten Releasing Actions, four more resulting from the sixth parity are added. Ten paramitas are also used in Theravada :

1. Methods
2. Wishes
3. Strength
4. Primal Wisdom .