Coprogram

Feces are collected after spontaneous bowel movements in specially designed clean, dry dishes that do not allow moisture to pass through. The feces should be delivered to the laboratory no later than 12 hours after its release. You can not direct the material after an enema, taking certain medications (for example, containing iron, bismuth, barium), the introduction of suppositories. In preparation for the analysis, a nutritional regime (diet) with a dosed amount of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats should be observed. Pevzner and Schmidt diets meet this requirement.

Coprological examination includes the determination of the physical properties of feces (macroscopic examination, chemical examination of feces and microscopic examination of feces).

Macroscopic research

• Quantity (normal adult healthy person per day with a mixed diet releases 100-200 g of feces, however, the amount may vary depending on the nature of the food);
• Shape (in healthy people, feces are cylindrical in shape);
• Consistency (in healthy people, feces have a soft consistency, but the consistency of feces strongly depends on the nature of the food consumed);
• Color (normal feces brown, due to the presence of stercobilin);
• The smell of feces is specific, due to the presence of protein breakdown products;
• The remains of undigested food (in a healthy person you can find the remains of plant food);
• Mucus (normally not visible);
• Blood (normally absent);
• Pus (also in the stool of a healthy person is absent);

Chemical Research

• The fecal reaction (pH) is normally neutral or slightly alkaline (6.8-7.6);
• Stool reaction to occult blood;
• Detection of bile pigments ( bilirubin and stercobilin) ​​- only stercobilin is present in normal feces;
• The reaction of Tribule-Vishnyakov is to the detection of soluble proteins.

Microscopic examination

• Detritus - the remains of digested food;
• Muscle fibers;
• Connective tissue;
• Starch;
• Digestible fiber;
• Fat is neutral;
• Fatty acid;
• Salts of fatty acids (soaps);
• Microflora;
• Elements of the intestinal mucosa (epithelium, leukocytes, eosinophils, red blood cells).

• Propaedeutics of internal diseases: a Textbook. - 5th ed., Revised. and add. M. Medicine, 2001 .-- 592 p. ISBN 5-225-04704-1