Atacapa is the extinct Native American language of North America , previously prevalent among the Atacapa people in southwestern Louisiana and east Texas . Isolate language [1] .
| Atacapa | |
|---|---|
| Country | USA |
| Regions | Louisiana , Texas |
| Status | disappeared |
| Extinct | beginning of XX century |
| Classification | |
| Category | Native American Languages of North America |
| isolate , gulf languages (hypothesis) | |
| Writing | not |
| Language Codes | |
| ISO 639-1 | - |
| ISO 639-2 | nai |
| ISO 639-3 | aqp |
| WALS | |
| IETF | |
| Glottolog | |
The attackap language and neighboring languages have a common set of consonants and vowels: p, t, ts, k, ʃ, h, w, y, m, n, i, a, o . There was an affix matching similar in use in the Muskogee languages . Moreover, the similarity of the features of the languages of the southeastern United States with the attackap does not make them related to the described language, but is explained by long contacts and geographical proximity between the groups [1] .
Content
Dialects
The eastern, western, and akokis dialects of the attackap language are documented. In the eastern dialect they spoke near the Poste des Attakapas (modern Franklin (Louisiana) ), The western one spread in the Lake Charles zone , Where the last native speakers were noted. Speakers of the Akokis dialect probably resided around Galveston Bay . Akokis can be considered a dialect or be a separate, related language [1] .
A list of 287 words is known about the eastern, which was recorded in 1802 by Martin Duralde. This dialect was very different from the western one. The carriers lived near St. Martinville - now Franklin (Louisiana) .
The Western dialect is represented by records of words, sentences and texts that he recorded in 1885, 1907 and 1908. Albert Gatchet . The main source of his records resided in Lake Charles, Louisiana. Also known is a more ancient list of 45, which was recorded in 1721 by Jean Beranger. These carriers resided near Galvston Bay.
John Swanton claimed that the Beranger list refers to the Akokis language, but there is no reliable evidence for this.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Marcia Haag. A Listening Wind: Native Literature from the Southeast . - U of Nebraska Press, 2016 .-- S. 293. - 360 p. - ISBN 9780803262874 .
Literature
- Campbell, Lyle. (1997). American Indian languages: The historical linguistics of Native America . New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-509427-1 .
- Gatschet, Albert S., and Swanton, John R. (1932) A Dictionary of the Atakapa Language . Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Athnology, bulletin 108. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
- Goddard, Ives. (2005). The indigenous languages of the Southeast. Anthropological Linguistics , 47 (1), 1-60.
- Mithun, Marianne. (1999). The languages of Native North America . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-23228-7 (hbk); ISBN 0-521-29875-X .
- Swanton, John R. A sketch of the Atakapa language. International Journal of American Linguistics . 5 (2-4), 121-149.
Links
- A Dictionary of the Atakapa Language by Albert S. Gatschet and John R. Swanton