Issa Aleksandrovich Pliev ( Osset. Plates of Alexandra firt Issт ; November 12 [25], 1903 - February 6, 1979 ) - Soviet military leader, army general ( 1962 ). Commander of the North Caucasus Military District in 1958 - 1968 .
| Issa Alexandrovich Pliev | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Osset Plates of Alyksandra firt Issæ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Date of Birth | November 12 (25), 1903 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Place of Birth | the village of Old Batako , Terek region , Russian empire | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Date of death | February 6, 1979 (aged 75) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Place of death | Moscow , USSR | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Affiliation |  Russian empire the USSR | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Type of army | cavalry | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Years of service | 1922 - 1979 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rank |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Battles / Wars | Polish campaign of the Red Army ; World War II ; Soviet-Japanese war ; Caribbean crisis | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Awards and prizes |
Awards of Mongolia :
Awards of other states:
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Twice Hero of the Soviet Union ( 1944 , 1945 ). Hero of the Mongolian People's Republic ( 1971 ). Member of the CPSU (b) / CPSU since 1926.
During the Great Patriotic War, he commanded troops in the Moscow and Stalingrad battles , in the Melitopol, Bereznegovato-Snigirevskaya, Odessa, Belorussian, Budapest and Prague operations. For skillful command and control of troops during the crossing of the Southern Bug River , in the battles for Odessa and the courage and heroism shown at the same time, Pliev was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.
During the Soviet-Japanese war, he commanded a horse-mechanized group in the Khingan-Mukden operation of 1945 , and was awarded the second star of the Hero of the Soviet Union for the defeat of the Kwantung Army .
During the Caribbean crisis, from July 1962 to May 1963, he commanded the Group of Soviet Forces in Cuba during Operation Anadyr .
Candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU ( 1961 - 1966 ). Member of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR 2-8 convocations.
Content
Biography
Born in the village of Old Batako (now the right-bank region of North Ossetia ) in an Ossetian family [1] . In the Red Army since 1922 .
In 1926 he graduated from the Leningrad Cavalry School and until 1930 served as the course commander of the cavalry school in Krasnodar . After graduating from the Frunze Military Academy in 1933, Pliev became the chief of the operational department of the headquarters of the 5th Cavalry Division .
In 1936 - 1938 - Advisor to the United Military School of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Army.
In 1939 , commanding the cavalry regiment of the 6th cavalry division, he took part in a campaign in Western Belarus [2] .
Great Patriotic War
In 1941 he graduated from the Academy of the General Staff. During World War II, he fought on the Western , Southern , South-Western , Stepnoy, 3rd Ukrainian, 1st Belorussian, 2nd Ukrainian fronts. From July 1941, he commanded the 50th Cavalry Division (from November 1941 - the 3rd Guards Cavalry Division ), from August to December 1941, it raided the rear of Army Group Center in the Smolensk region and in the Moscow Region. From December 1941 - commanded the 2nd Guards, from April 1942 - the 5th, from July - the 3rd Guards, from November 1943 - the 4th Guards Corps. October 3, 1944 led a horse-mechanized group consisting of: 4th and 6th Guards Cavalry and 7th Mechanized Corps with the aim of participating in the Debrecen operation on the territory of Hungary [3] . Since November 1944, Pliev headed the full-time horse-mechanized group (1st KMG, from January 26, 1945 - the 1st Guards KMG), which took part in the Budapest operation .
He commanded troops in the Moscow and Stalingrad battles , in the Melitopol, Bereznegovato-Snigirevskaya, Odessa, Belorussian, Budapest and Prague operations. For skillful command and control of troops during the crossing of the Southern Bug River , in the battles for Odessa and the courage and heroism shown at the same time, Pliev was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.
During the Soviet-Japanese war, he commanded a horse-mechanized group in the Khingan-Mukden operation of 1945 . For success in defeating the Kwantung Army, he was awarded the second Golden Star medal.
During the years of World War II, I. A. Pliev was personally mentioned 16 times in the orders of the Supreme Commander of the USSR I. V. Stalin [4] .
The son of a poor peasant from Ossetia , Issa Alexandrovich, even before the war, advanced to the Red Army as one of the most skilled cavalrymen, and then successfully commanded a division and the first guards cavalry corps on the battlefield. The pinnacle of his activity was the leadership of a horse-mechanized group in the war against imperialist Japan .
- Twice Hero of the Soviet Union Marshal of the Soviet Union A. Vasilevsky The work of a lifetime. Second edition, augmented. - M: Publishing house of Political literature, 1975. S.376.
Postwar Biography
From July 1946, he commanded the 9th mechanized army of the Southern Group of Forces, from February 1947 , the 13th army of PrikVO , and from April 1949, the 4th army of ZakVO . In 1949 he graduated from the Higher Academic Courses at the Academy of the General Staff. In 1955 - 1958 - First Deputy Commander, and from April 1958 to 1968 - Commander of the North Caucasian Military District .
June 2, 1962 the troops led by Pliev district took part in the suppression of the protests of Novocherkassk workers [5] . According to the memoirs of General M.K. Shaposhnikov , who was the deputy of Pliev, it was Pliev who sent tanks at his disposal and ordered to attack if necessary. If Shaposhnikov had obeyed the order and the tanks that stood on the bridge over the Tuzlov River attacked the crowd, then thousands of unarmed people would have died [6] . To Pliev, in turn, the order came from the top, personally from N. S. Khrushchev , by means of encryption in his name, sent through the Minister of Defense of the USSR Malinovsky [7] .
During the Caribbean crisis from July 1962 to May 1963 he commanded the Group of Soviet Forces in Cuba during Operation Anadyr . After returning from Cuba, he again took up the duties of commander of the troops of the North Caucasus Military District.
Since June 1968 - military inspector, adviser to the Group of Inspectors General of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR.
Candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (1961-1966). Member of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR 2-8 convocations.
He died on February 6, 1979 in Moscow . He was buried in Vladikavkaz , on the Walk of Fame .
Family
- Mother - Aminat Ignatievna Plieva (1871-1974).
- Sister - Maria A. Plieva (in the marriage of Misikova)
- Wife - Ekaterina Davydovna nee Chekhoeva.
- Daughter - Nina Isaevna Plieva.
- Grandson - Sergey Vladimirovich Chisty
- Grandson - Boris Vladimirovich Chisty.
- Daughter - Nina Isaevna Plieva.
Works
- Pliev I. A. Roads of war, M .: Book, 1985
- Pliev I.A. Through the Gobi and Khingan, M. Military Publishing, 1965
Military ranks
- Colonel (1939);
- major general (09/11/1941);
- lieutenant general (10.29.1943);
- Colonel General (05/29/1945);
- Army General (04/27/1962).
Awards
Soviet state awards:
- Hero of the Soviet Union (04.16.1944) - for the liberation of Odessa ;
- Hero of the Soviet Union (09/08/1945) - for victory in battles with the Kwantung army ;
- Order of Lenin (September 7, 1941) - for the defeat of the German battalion of 430 pp [8] ;
- Order of Lenin (04.16.1944) - to the title of Hero ;
- Order of Lenin (1947) - for the length of service ;
- Order of Lenin (1962) - for the successful implementation of Operation Anadyr ;
- Order of Lenin (1962);
- Order of Lenin (11/12/1978) - on the occasion of the 75th birthday ;
- Order of the October Revolution (1973) - to the 70th birthday ;
- three orders of the Red Banner (11/03/1944 - for the length of service , 1952 - for the length of service , 1969);
- two orders of Suvorov I degree (03/10/1944 - for the encirclement and defeat of parts of the 6th German army , 04/28/1945 - for the liberation of the territory of Austria and Hungary );
- Order of Kutuzov I degree (07/23/1944) - for the mastery of the city of Slutsk ;
- medals, including:
- “For the defense of Moscow” ;
- “For the defense of Stalingrad” ;
- “For the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.” ;
- “For the victory over Japan” ;
- "Veteran of the Armed Forces of the USSR . "
Mongolian state awards and titles:
- Hero of the Mongolian People's Republic (1971);
- three orders of Suche-Bator (1961, 1971,?);
- Order of the Red Banner ;
- Order of the North Star ;
- medals
Awards of other states:
- Order of the Red Banner ( Czechoslovakia );
- Order of the Renaissance of Poland, IV degree ( Poland );
- Virtuti Militari V degree (Poland);
- Legion of Honor Order Commander's Degree ( USA );
- Commander of the Legion of Honor ( France );
- Military Cross 1939-1945 with a palm branch ( France );
- Order of Tudor Vladimirirescu ( СРР ).
Memory
| External images | |
|---|---|
| Monument in the Krasnogvardeisky park of the city of Vladikavkaz . | |
- A bronze bust of twice Hero of the Soviet Union I. A. Pliev is set in Vladikavkaz [9] .
- Also, in the center of the capital of North Ossetia, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, an equestrian statue of an army general was installed and a House Museum (on Borodinskaya Street) was created [10] .
- 06/21/1979, the name of I. A. Pliev was assigned to the Ordzhonikidze Higher Anti-Aircraft Missile Command School of Air Defense .
- The monument erected in Tskhinval was destroyed by Georgian forces with grenade launcher shots during the 1989 Georgian-South Ossetian conflict . Currently, the monument has been restored.
- In Rostov-on-Don, a plaque was erected on the house at 60 Pliev Avenue, Chekhov.
- He is an honorary citizen of the city of Kalach-on-Don .
- Streets in the cities are named after Pliev:
- Tskhinval
- Vladikavkaz ,
- Beslan
- Rostov-on-Don ,
- Krasnodar ( Pashkovsky settlement),
- Odessa
- Novoshakhtinsk ,
- Teplodar .
In the cinema
- Once upon a time in Rostov , Russia, 2012. The role of Pliev was played by Nikolai Glinsky.
- Through Gobi and Khingan of the USSR, 1981. The role of Pliev was played by Akhsarbek Bekmurzov
See also
- Heroes of the Soviet Union of the Rostov region
- Heroes of the Soviet Union of North Ossetia
Notes
- ↑ Indra Alexander. Twice Hero of the Soviet Union Issa Pliev: biography, interesting facts and feat
- ↑ It has been a part of Poland since 1920.
- ↑ Debrecen operation .
- ↑ Gratitude without grace Archival copy of December 25, 2012 on the Wayback Machine .
- ↑ V. A. Kozlov Unknown USSR. Confrontation between the people and the authorities 1953-1985 M .: Olma-press , 2006.448 s.
- ↑ "Then, in Novocherkassk." Literary newspaper N25 (5247), June 21, 1989
- ↑ Yuri Shchekochikhin. Portraits against the backdrop of the landscape: General Matvey Shaposhnikov / Slaves GB (2000). Date of treatment September 10, 2012. Archived October 17, 2012.
- ↑ Liberation of Odessa .
- ↑ According to paragraph 4. of the Regulation on the title of “Hero of the Soviet Union” as amended on May 14, 1973 . - “The Hero of the Soviet Union, who performed the heroic deed a second time, no less than that for which others who have accomplished such a feat, are awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, is awarded the Order of Lenin and the second Gold Star medal, and a bronze bust of the Hero is constructed to commemorate his exploits. an inscription established in his homeland, about which an entry is made in the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the USSR on awarding . ”
- ↑ 105 years since the birth of Iss Pliev were noted in his Vladikavkaz House-Museum .
Literature
- The team of authors . Great Patriotic: Komkory. Military Biographical Dictionary / Under the general editorship of M. G. Vozhakina . - M .; Zhukovsky: Kuchkovo Field, 2006. - T. 1. - 672 p. - ISBN 5-901679-08-3 .
- The team of authors . Great Patriotic: Komdivy. Military biographical dictionary. - M .: Kuchkovo field, 2011 .-- T. 1. - 736 p. - 200 copies - ISBN 978-5-9950-0189-8 .
Links
- Pliev, Issa Alexandrovich . The site " Heroes of the country ."
- Pliev Issa Alexandrovich on the website of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
- Pliev Issa Aleksandrovich - twice Hero of the Soviet Union.
- Person: Issa Pliev .
- The documentary "Comrade General . " Director - S. Beisembaev.
- Heroes of the Soviet Union: A Brief Biographical Dictionary / Prev. ed. College I. Shkadov . - M .: Military Publishing , 1988. - T. 2 / Lyubov - Yashchuk /. - 863 s. - 100 000 copies - ISBN 5-203-00536-2 .
- People of an immortal feat. Moscow, “PL” t. 2. 1975.
- The memorial complex at the burial place of Pliev .
- Heroes of the Soviet Union, who lived on the Don after the Great Patriotic War .