Pierre Emile Duclos ( fr. Emile Duclaux , 1840 - 1904 ) - French physicist, chemist and biologist.
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In 1862 he graduated from the Higher Normal School, after which he was accepted by Pasteur to his laboratory as a drug. In 1885 he received a chair at the Sorbonne and at the Pasteur Institute, where he began the publication of Annales de l'lnstitut Pasteur.
Scientific activity
In the early works of Duclos, just like Pasteur, he studied "the origin of organized bodies in the atmosphere", "the absorption of ammonia and the formation of volatile acids during alcoholic fermentation", etc. He proposed a method for dosing volatile acids by fractional distillation. He also studied the phenomenon of surface tension and its application to the dosage of volatile acids. Duclos later studied the phenomena of osmosis and the movement of fluids in capillaries. The results of these works were published in the monograph Elementary Treatise on Capillarity.
After the death of Pasteur in 1895, Duclos became director of the institute. His research interests included physics, chemistry, microbiology, meteorology, mathematics, medicine, general hygiene, social hygiene and other fields. The totality of his work is the application of exact sciences to the field of biology and hygiene.
One of the main works of Duclos was the study of the chemical composition of milk and forms of milk fermentation, he is the founder of the scientific statement of dairy business. He strictly established the effect of rennet on the composition and formation of cheeses. Duclos published his work on microbes in the form of a four-volume “Microbiology”. Duclos also created a significant work "Course in Physics and Meteorology", which he read at the Agronomy Institute.
In addition to scientific work, Duclos wrote one of Pasteur's best biographies and a comprehensive guide to social hygiene. In total, Duclos published over 220 scientific papers.
Community Activities
Together with Zola Duclo acted as an advocate in the Dreyfus case and was one of the first vice presidents of the League of Human Rights and Citizen .
- ↑ BNF ID : 2011 Open Data Platform .
- ↑ Léonore database - ministère de la Culture .
- ↑ Paris Medical Academy - 1820.
- ↑ Blain V. , Grundy I. , Clements P. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English : Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present - 1990. - P. 914.