Arachis ( lat. Árachis ) - a genus of flowering plants of the legume family ( Fabaceae ).
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 Leaves and fruits of cultivated peanuts | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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Arachis L. , 1753 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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The name peanuts is probably derived from Greek. αράχνη - spider , similar to the net pattern of fruits with a web .
Of the very numerous species of this genus that grow mainly in Brazil , only cultivated peanuts, or peanuts ( Arachis hypogaea ), are well known outside the homeland, and are cultivated quite extensively in the tropical countries of America , Asia and Africa , and in Europe - Italy , Spain , Ukraine and the south of France . The average yield of cultivated peanuts is 40 kg / ha , the maximum yield in Israel is 70 kg / ha.
In addition to cultivated peanuts, only one species of Pinto Peanut ( Arachis pintoi ) is bred outside of South America . Several species are bred on a small scale in South America. Most species are wild. All of them are herbaceous plants with paranoid leaves . A number of species possess closed-flowering flowers; after fertilization, the ovaries formed from them are immersed in the ground.
Views
According to the database of The Plant List , the genus includes 81 species [2] :
- Arachis angustifolia ( Chodat & Hassl. ) Killip ex Hoehne
- Arachis appressipila Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis archeri Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis batizocoi Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis benensis Krapov. & al.
- Arachis benthamii handro
- Arachis brevipetiolata Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis burchellii Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis burkartii handro
- Arachis cardenasii Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis chiquitana Krapov. & al.
- Arachis correntina ( Burkart ) Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis cruziana Krapov. & al.
- Arachis cryptopotamica Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis dardani Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis decora Krapov. & al.
- Arachis diogoi hoehne
- Arachis douradiana Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis duranensis Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis giacomettii Krapov. & al.
- Arachis glabrata Benth.
- Arachis glandulifera stalker
- Arachis gracilis Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis gregoryi CESimpson , Krapov. & Valls
- Arachis guaranitica Chodat & Hassl.
- Arachis hassleri Krapov. , Valls & CESimpson
- Arachis hatschbachii Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis helodes Krapov. & Rigoni
- Arachis hermannii Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis herzogii Krapov. & al.
- Arachis hoehnei Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis hypogaea L. - Cultivated peanuts , or peanuts
- Arachis interrupta Valls & CESimpson
- Arachis ipaensis Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis kempff-mercadoi Krapov. & al.
- Arachis krapovickasii CESimpson , DEWilliams , Valls & IGVargas
- Arachis kretschmeri Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis kuhlmannii Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis lignosa ( Chodat & Hassl. ) Krapov. & WC
- Arachis linearifolia Valls , Krapov. & CESimpson
- Arachis lutescens Krapov. & Rigoni
- Arachis macedoi Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis magna Krapov. & al.
- Arachis major Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis marginata gardner
- Arachis martii handro
- Arachis matiensis Krapov. & al.
- Arachis microsperma Krapov. & al.
- Arachis monticola Krapov. & Rigoni
- Arachis nitida Valls , Krapov. & CESimpson
- Arachis oteroi Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis palustris Krapov. & al.
- Arachis paraguariensis Chodat & Hassl.
- Arachis pflugeae CESimpson , Krapov. & Valls
- Arachis pietrarellii Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis pintoi Krapov. & WCGreg. - Peanuts Pinto
- Arachis porphyrocalyx Valls & CESimpson
- Arachis praecox Krapov. & al.
- Arachis prostrata benth.
- Arachis pseudovillosa ( Chodat & Hassl. ) Krapov. & WC
- Arachis pusilla Benth.
- Arachis repens handro
- Arachis retusa Krapov. & al.
- Arachis rigonii Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis schininii Krapov. , Valls & CESimpson
- Arachis seridoensis Valls , CESimpson , Krapov. & R. veiga
- Arachis setinervosa Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis simpsonii Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis stenophylla Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis stenosperma Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis subcoriacea Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis submarginata Valls , Krapov. & CESimpson
- Arachis sylvestris ( A. Chev. ) A. Chev.
- Arachis trinitensis Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis triseminata Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis tuberosa Benth.
- Arachis valida Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis vallsii Krapov. & WCGreg.
- Arachis villosa Benth.
- Arachis villosulicarpa hoehne
- Arachis williamsii Krapov. & WCGreg.
Notes
- ↑ For the conventionality of specifying the class of dicotyledons as a superior taxon for the plant group described in this article, see the APG Systems section of the Dicotyledonous article .
- ↑ Arachis (English) . The Plant List . Version 1.1. (2013). Date of treatment January 7, 2017.
Literature
- Peanuts // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- GOST 31784-2012 . Peanut. Technical conditions