Single cylinder internal combustion engine - the simplest piston internal combustion engine with only one working cylinder. The single cylinder engine is completely unbalanced and has an uneven stroke. Single-cylinder engines are characterized by the smallest ratio of the surface area of the working cylinder to the working volume in comparison with multi-cylinder engines, which ensures the lowest heat loss in the working process and a high indicator efficiency At the same time, single-cylinder engines are characterized by a significantly greater thermal and mechanical tension of the parts in comparison with multi-cylinder engines. The specific gravity of single-cylinder engines is higher than that of multi-cylinder engines of the same displacement.
In the past, single-cylinder engines (due to the simplicity of the device) were widespread and their displacement was practically unlimited from above - on ships and in stationary installations there were low-speed single-cylinder engines with a displacement of up to 12 liters (for example, a 33 kW Pioneer diesel engine ) released at the Russky Diesel plant). Currently, the distribution of single-cylinder engines is also quite wide, due to their simplicity, low cost and low weight, but the working volume is limited.
The smallest displacement is characterized by single-cylinder engines for aircraft models - 1 cm³ - 10 cm³. Gasoline two-stroke engines of manual lawnmowers ( trimmers ) have a working volume of 15 cm³ - 36 cm³. Engines with a working volume of 36 cm³ - 100 cm³ are used on chainsaws . On mopeds, single-cylinder engines with a working volume of slightly less than 50 cm³ are used. Single-cylinder engines with a working volume of 60 cm³ - 420 cm³ (diesel Yanmar L100) are used to drive small electric generators. On motorcycles , single-cylinder two-stroke engines with a working volume of 125 cm³ - 350 cm³ have found application. For example, the Russian IZH-Planet motorcycle has one of the largest serial single-cylinder two-stroke engines in the world with a working volume of 346 cm³. Four-cycle motorcycle engines have a displacement of up to 800cm³ (suzuki dr800).
For the DT-14 tractors and the DSSh-14 self-propelled chassis, a single-cylinder diesel engine was produced with a working volume of 1.03 l and a power of 14 hp. In China, as of 2013, the S1100 and S1115 single-cylinder diesel engines with a working volume of 905 cm³ and 1194 cm³, respectively, developed in the 1930s, continue to be produced. These engines are widely used to drive heavy walk -behind tractors and small tractors .
