June 16th

See also: Category: Holidays June 16

International

• International Day of Solidarity with the Struggling Peoples of South Africa.
• African Children's Day .

National

•   Ireland - Bloomsday Celebration.
•   Republic of South Africa - Youth Day.

  Religious

  Orthodoxy ^{[2] [3]}

• memory of the martyrs of Lucillian, Claudius, Hypatius, Paul, Dionysius and the martyr Paul of the Virgin (270-275);

• the transfer of the relics of the blessed Tsarevich Demetrius from Uglich to Moscow (1606);
• memory of the holy martyr Lucian, bishop, Maxian, presbyter, Julian, deacon, Markellin and Saturninus in Belgium (81–96);
• memory of the Monk Martyr Cyprian (Nelidov) , hieromonk (1934);
• memory of the holy martyr Michael Markov , presbyter (1938);
• memory of the icon of the Mother of God "Hodegetria" Yugskaya (1615).

Name Day

• Catholic: Alina , Justina .
• Orthodox: Athanasius , Dionysius ( Denis ), Dmitry , Ipatius , Claudius , Lavrenty , Lazarus , Lukyan , Pavel , Paul , Pauline , Semyon , Sofya , Ulyana , Julian .

Others

• Bloomsday (Bloom Day) hosted annually by fans of Irish writer James Joyce . Named after the main character of Joyce’s novel Ulysses .

See also: Category: June 16 events

Until the 19th century

• 1633 - The Inquisition Court ruled to punish Galileo Galilei for heresy .
• 1783 - the first stone buildings of the city of Akhtiar (White Cliff) were laid on the western shore of the South Bay: a house for the commander of the Black Sea Squadron F. Mekenzi, a chapel, a forge and a wooden pier. The construction was supervised by the chief of staff of the squadron flag captain D. N. Senyavin , who later became a famous naval commander. In February next year, the fortress city will be given a new name - Sevastopol .

XIX century

• 1815 - Napoleon I Bonaparte won his last victory at the Battle of Linyi (over the Prussian-Saxon army of Field Marshal G. L. Blucher ).
• 1815 - the battle of Katr Bras , between the Anglo-Dutch army under Wellington and the French troops of Marshal Ney , during the Hundred Days of Napoleon.
• 1816 - after an evening with ghost stories held on the shores of Lake Geneva in the company of Gordon Byron and Percy Bysshe Shelley , 19-year-old Mary Shelley had a nightmare that formed the basis of her novel Frankenstein, or Modern Prometheus.
• 1822 - the circus building on Krestovsky Island was opened, the first building in St. Petersburg built specifically for the circus.
• 1842 - Depot of exemplary measures and weights was created in St. Petersburg by decree of Emperor Nicholas I ^[4] . Thus was born Russian metrology . Now it is part of the Rosstandart system.
• 1862 - at the Broadway Theater during the performance of the play Mazepa (according to Byron), actress Ada Menken appears half-naked, which will lead to an unheard of scandal and almost to the closure of the theater.
• 1871 - The adoption of the University Tests Act allowed students to enter Oxford and Cambridge without passing religious tests.
• 1874 - The Cavendish Physical Laboratory at the University of Cambridge was opened - one of the world centers for experimental physics, biology, and other basic research. It was founded in 1871 . The leaders are J. Maxwell , Rayleigh , J. Thomson , E. Rutherford , W. Bragg and others. Here an electron was discovered ( 1897 ), artificial splitting of the atomic nucleus ( 1919 ), neutron ( 1932 ), a model of DNA structure was constructed ( 1953 ), the Wilson chamber ( 1912 ), mass spectrograph ( 1913 ), linear accelerator ( 1932 ) were created.
• 1894 - on the initiative of Pierre de Coubertin , Congress convenes on the establishment (resumption) of the Olympic Games .

XX century

• 1903
  • Established The Ford Motor Company .
  • In the USA, the registered trademark is Pepsi-Cola.
  • The first Arctic expedition of Royal Amundsen began .
• 1907 - the Second State Duma was dissolved in the Russian Empire.
• 1911 - IBM Corporation is founded.
• 1913 - South African parliament forbids blacks from owning land.
• 1918 - the death penalty was officially restored in Soviet Russia.
• 1919 - the Slovak Soviet Republic is proclaimed in the city of Presov .
• 1920 - The Hague opened the international tribunal of the League of Nations.
• 1921 - formation of the Adjara Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic .
• 1925 - The All-Union Pioneer Camp Artek was opened in Gurzuf ( Crimea ). The first 80 pioneers were housed in canvas tents.
• 1927 - the first athletics relay race for the prizes of the newspaper “Evening Moscow” was held in Moscow .
• 1930 - The Council of People's Commissars of the USSR adopted a decree on the introduction of maternity time .
• 1934 - The Union of Writers of Ukraine was created .
• 1936 - for the first time in the editorial of Pravda, the phrase "The tireless care of the party and government."
• 1940 - the Soviet government issued an ultimatum to the governments of Latvia and Estonia demanding the admission of additional Soviet troops to the territory of these countries.
• 1943 - 54-year-old Charlie Chaplin married 18-year-old Una O'Neill . In this marriage, he lived for more than 30 years, raising eight children.
• 1944 - Iceland adopted the constitution .
• 1955 - L-049 disaster near Asuncion (Paraguay). Killed 16 people.
• 1959 - The Exhibition of Achievements of the National Economy of the USSR (VDNH) opened in Moscow.
• 1963 - the Vostok-6 spacecraft launched with Valentina Tereshkova , the first woman-cosmonaut in the world.
• 1972 - The Museum of Jazz was opened in New York .
• 1974 - Somalia announced the closure of universities for a year so that students teach the country's nomads literacy.
• 1981 - writer Vladimir Voinovich was deprived of Soviet citizenship "for actions defaming the title of citizen of the USSR."
• 1983 - The Pope arrived on an official visit to Poland , where he negotiated with General Jaruzelski and Lech Walesa .
• 1983 - Yu. V. Andropov became chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR .
• 1992 - the law "On the rehabilitation of the Cossacks" was adopted in Russia.
• 1994 - Sweden decided to build a bridge and tunnel to Denmark .
• 1996 - Election of the President of Russia .

21st Century

• 2012
  • The crew of the Shenzhou-9 spacecraft , launched for the first national manned docking with the Tiangong-1 orbital laboratory, sent the first Chinese woman, a taikonaut ( Liu Yang ).
  • The first rock festival " Island " started in the city of Arkhangelsk .

See also: Category: Born on June 16

Until the 19th century

• 1313 - Giovanni Bocaccio (d. 1375 ), Italian writer and poet, author of The Decameron .
• 1735 - Ivan Hannibal (d. 1801 ), Russian military leader, commander in chief of the Black Sea Fleet , founder of Kherson .
• 1754 - Salavat Yulaev (d. 1800 ), Bashkir poet and national hero, associate of Emelyan Pugachev .
• 1778 - Alexander Plescheev (d. 1862 ), Russian composer, cellist, poet, playwright.

XIX century

• 1801 - Julius Plücker (d. 1868 ), German mathematician and physicist.
• 1819 - Ilya Shumov (d. 1881 ), Russian chess master and chess composer.
• 1828 - Peter Bessonov (d. 1898 ), Russian Slavic , folklorist, publisher of collections of Bulgarian, Serbian, Russian folklore.
• 1845 - Heinrich Dressel (d. 1920 ), German archaeologist and numismatist .
• 1871 - Tikhon Bondarev (d. 1941 ), Russian revolutionary, Soviet party leader.
• 1873 - Antonina Nezhdanova (d. 1950 ), opera singer (lyrical-coloratura soprano), People's Artist of the USSR.
• 1880 - Alice Bailey (d. 1949 ), American esotericist and writer.
• 1888 - Alexander Fridman (d. 1925 ), Russian mathematician and geophysicist, creator of the theory of the unsteady Universe.
• 1894 - Fedor Tolbukhin (d. 1949 ), Marshal of the Soviet Union, Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumous).
• 1896 - Murray Leinster (d. 1975 ), American science fiction writer.
• 1897 - Georg Wittig (d. 1987 ), German organic chemist, Nobel laureate (1979).

XX century

• 1901 - Pavel Poluboyarov (d. 1984 ), Marshal of the armored forces, Hero of the Soviet Union.
• 1903 - Vissarion Sayanov ( real name Makhnin ; d. 1959 ), Russian Soviet writer and poet.
• 1907
  • Sergei Zenkovsky (d. 1990 ), an outstanding Russian historian, Slavic .
  • Elena Kruglikova (d. 1982 ), opera singer (lyrical soprano), People's Artist of the RSFSR.
• 1924
  • Lucky Thompson (d. 2005 ), American jazz saxophonist.
  • Adam Khanushkevich (d. 2011 ), Polish actor and theater director.
• 1933 - Konstantin Loktev (d. 1996 ), Soviet hockey player, Olympic champion (1964), three-time world champion.
• 1937 - Simeon II , the last king of Bulgaria (1943-1946), the Prime Minister of the country (2001-2005).
• 1937 - Eric Seagal (d. 2010 ), American writer, screenwriter and playwright.
• 1938 - Joyce Carol Oates , American writer, poet, playwright, critic.
• 1944 - Galina Yatskina , theater and film actress, Honored Artist of the RSFSR.
• 1950 - Mithun Chakraborty , Indian actor.
• 1951 - Roberto Duran , Panamanian boxer, world champion in four weight categories.
• 1952 - Alexander Zaitsev , Soviet figure skater, two-time Olympic champion, 6-time world champion.
• 1954
  • Sergey Kuryokhin (d. 1996 ), composer, jazzman, rock pianist, arranger, member of the Aquarium band.
  • Vladimir Sungorkin , Soviet and Russian journalist, editor-in-chief of the newspaper Komsomolskaya Pravda .
• 1955
  • Artemy Troitsky , Russian rock journalist, music critic.
  • Anatoly Chubais , Russian political and economic figure.
• 1957 - Alexandra Marinina , Russian writer, author of works of the detective genre.
• 1965 - Yuri Hanon , Russian composer, laureate of the European Film Academy Award (1988).
• 1966
  • Jan Zhelezny , Czech javelin thrower, three-time Olympic champion, three-time world champion.
  • Julia Latynina , Russian journalist, writer, publicist.
• 1971 - Tupac Shakur (d. 1996 ), American musician, rap artist, actor and producer.
• 1978 - Daniel Bruhl , German film actor of Spanish descent.
• 1990 - John Newman , British singer.

See also: Category: Dead on June 16

Until the 19th century

• 1671 - Stepan Razin (b. 1630 ), Don Cossack, leader of the uprising of 1670-1671 (executed by quartering).
• 1722 - John Churchill (b. 1650 ), 1st Duke of Marlborough, English military and statesman.
• 1752 - Joseph Butler (b. 1692 ), English philosopher.

XIX century

• 1812 - Franz Pforr (b. 1788 ), German painter, founder of Nazarene painting.
• 1858 - John Snow (b. 1813 ), a British physician, one of the pioneers of the massive introduction of anesthesia and medical hygiene, one of the founders of epidemiology .
• 1866 - Porfiry Glebov (born c. 1810 ), Russian military historian, lieutenant general.
• 1869 - Charles Sturt (b. 1795 ), English traveler and colonial figure, explorer of Australia.
• 1878 - Crawford Long (b. 1815 ), an American doctor and pharmacist who was the first to use inhaled diethyl ether as an anesthetic.
• 1880 - Alexander Ginet (b. 1830 ), Russian artist, academician of the Imperial Academy of Arts .
• 1881 - Alexandra Ishimova (b. 1805 ), Russian children's writer, translator.
• 1884 - Orest Novitsky (b. 1806 ), Ukrainian and Russian philosopher, psychologist, writer.

XX century

• 1930 - Elmer, Sperry (b. 1860 ), American inventor of trams.
• 1933 - Chaim Arlozorov (b. 1899 ), writer, politician, one of the leaders of the Zionist movement (b. 1899 ).
• 1938 - Anastasia Bitsenko (b. 1875 ), leader of the revolutionary movement of Russia, Socialist-Revolutionary.
• 1940 - Joseph Meister (b. 1876 ), the first man in the world cured of rabies.
• 1944 - Marc Block (b. 1886 ), French historian.
• 1951 - Peter Pavlenko (b. 1899 ), writer and screenwriter.
• 1958 - Imre Nagy (b. 1896 ), Hungarian political and statesman.
• 1967 - Eugenie Cotton (b. 1881 ), French physicist, founder of the International Democratic Federation of Women.
• 1970 - Elsa Triole (b. 1896 ), French writer.
• 1977 - Werner von Braun (b. 1912 ), German designer of rocket and space technology, creator of the first ballistic missiles.
• 1979
  • Lazar Lagin (real surname Ginzburg ; b. 1903 ), Soviet writer, author of the tale " Old Man Hottabych "
  • Nicholas Ray (b. 1911 ), American filmmaker, actor, winner of the Oscar .
• 1985 - Yuldash Agzamov (b. 1909 ), Uzbek director.
• 1988 - Vladimir Smirnov (b. 1910 ), Soviet geologist, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences .
• 1994 - Alexander Konstantinov (b. 1910 ), Colonel of the Border Troops of the KGB of the USSR, Hero of the Soviet Union.
• 1995 - Vladimir Aleksenko (b. 1923 ), pilot, twice Hero of the Soviet Union.

21st Century

• 2008 - Vadim Vereshchak (b. 1914 ), Soviet and Ukrainian cameraman.
• 2009 - Ruslan Skrynnikov (b. 1931 ), Russian historian, author of studies on the era of Ivan IV the Terrible .
• 2015 - Kirk Kerkorian (b. 1917 ), American entrepreneur of Armenian descent, billionaire.
• 2017
  • Helmut Kohl (b. 1930 ), Federal Chancellor of Germany in 1982-1998.
  • John Evildsen (b. 1935 ), American filmmaker, Academy Award winner.
• 2018
  • Gennady Rozhdestvensky (born 1931 ), conductor, pianist, composer, People's Artist of the USSR, Hero of Socialist Labor.
  • Martin Bregman (born 1926 ), American film producer.

• Do not go to bed early at Lucian, but take a closer look at where the wind is blowing: the south wind is for the spring crop, the northwest is for the damp summer, the east is for alluvial diseases. From the north - there will be a clear day; cool wind - to degrees; from the south or west - to bad weather; from the south-west - bad weather for a long time ^[5] .
• If the vortex rises slowly and moves for a long time, rotating, the weather will be clear.