Ust-Yansky ulus

An ulus (district) was formed - 1638, according to the Historical and Cultural Atlas "Yakutia".

The area is located in the north of Yakutia. Area - 120.3 thousand km². The Yana , Omoloy , Chondon and other rivers flow through the territory of the ulus. The largest lakes are: Bustakh , Orotko . The ulus has access to the Laptev Sea .

Urbanization

54.42% of the population live in urban conditions ( Deputatsky , Nizhneyansk and Ust-Kuyga towns).

National composition

According to the 2002 census : Yakuts - 3772 people (37.69%), Russians - 3547 people (35.44%), Evens - 1070 people (10.69%), Ukrainians - 889 people (8.88%) and others nationalities - 731 people (7.3%).

There are 10 settlements in the Ust-Yansky ulus as part of three urban and seven rural settlements ^[16] :

At the Gulf of Yang was the former fishing village of Kuogastakh .

The basis of the economy of the ulus is the extraction of tin and gold, fish processing, reindeer husbandry and animal husbandry.

In 2010, the Paleontological Regional State Nature Reserve Yansky Mammoths was created on the territory of the ulus ^[17] .

• In 2001, at the place where the geologist Mikhail Dashtseren had previously discovered a tool from the bone of a woolly rhinoceros , the Jansky site was discovered - the northernmost Paleolithic monument. The find was made 120 km from the mouth of Yana on the second 18-meter terrace, in the area of ​​the village of gold miners Severny , liquidated in 2004 ^[18] . According to paleogenetics, the population of the North-Eastern Siberians (Ancient North Siberians, ANS), represented by the inhabitants of the Yanskaya site, departed ~ 38 thousand years ago from the Western Eurasians, shortly after the latter separated from the East Asians. Between 20 and 11 thousand years ago, the ANS population was largely replaced by peoples with ancestors from East Asia ^[19] .
• In 2011, residents of the village of Tumat found in the ice lens of permafrost on a steep hole in the lake shore of the Sialakh river valley ^{[20] a} mummy of a three-month-old Tumat dog who lived approx. 13 thousand years ago ^{[21] [22]} .
• In 2013, at the foot of the Semiaxial Ridge in the Chondon River Basin, 66 km south-west of the village of Tumat, the Chondon mammoth was found, who died at the age of 47-50 ^[23] .
• On August 13, 2015, in the permafrost on the bank of the Salah River near the village of Tumat, a mummy of another puppy was found, which has a well-preserved diencephalon, cerebellum and pituitary gland ^[24] .
• On the Buor-Haya Peninsula, there is the Late Paleolithic (27 thousand years ago) location of Buor-Haya / Orto-Stan (Buo-OSR), where traces of cutting with a heavy tool and several lines scratched by a stone tool were found on the mammoth bones ^[25] .
• Bone remains of several mammoths of the species Mammuthus primigenius were found on the left bank of the Yana at the outcrop of Mus Khai (“Snotty Mountain”) at the mouth of an nameless river (70 ° 43 'N lat. 135 ° 24' E) ^[26] .
• A study of the stomach of a horse that lived on the Laptev Sea in the Oyogos-Yar area 5,400 years ago showed that the horse from Oyogos-Yar was fed mainly on cereals. Combined data indicate an open landscape of the coastal tundra, where cereals ( Poaceae , Cyperaceae ) dominate with a limited amount of birch and alder ^[27] .
• Oyogos-Yar is the northernmost meteorite in Russia (73 ° N) and the first chondrite found in the northeast of the USSR in 1990 ^[28] .
• The mammoth Yuka was discovered in the Oyogossky Yar area in 2010 by members of the Yukagir community on the southern coast of the Laptev Sea. In addition, a carcass of a horse aged 4600 ± 35 years, presumably of the species Equus lenensis , was also found there ^[29] .

• Site of the village of Deputatsky
• Website of Tenkeli