Lev Afanasyevich Krol (5.7.1871, Mogilev on the Dnieper - 3.1.1931, Paris ) - Cadet party leader, Masonic activist in Yekaterinburg , after the revolution, a prominent civilian of the White movement.
| Leo Afanasyevich Krol | |
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| Occupation | political figure |
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Content
Biography
Originally from a wealthy family, he was educated abroad. Mechanical engineer, electrician, director of the central power station of Yekaterinburg . He became famous in Yekaterinburg with the introduction in 1902 of an 8-hour working day. In 1905 he joined the cadet party. During the First World War he advanced to the Cadet Central Committee and became the recognized leader of the Urals cadets. Then he joined the leadership of the Ural Military Industrial Committee.
Since 1910, he was in the St. Petersburg box "Ursa Minor", which later became part of the VVNR (whose Secretary General was A.F. Kerensky ). In 1914 he became a master. In the same year, he became the founder of the first VVnR lodge in Yekaterinburg, which he headed. Delegate to the Masonic Convention in 1916.
In March 1917 he was elected chairman of the Yekaterinburg public safety committee. An excellent speaker, an opponent at rallies of the Bolsheviks, Mensheviks and Social Revolutionaries, he attracted the most educated part of the audience. In July, he was elected vowel of the City Council by the Cadets.
After the October Revolution, he was elected a member of the Constituent Assembly from the Perm Province from the Cadet Party. After the dispersal of the Assembly until July 1918, he was in Moscow illegally, insisting on the restoration of the rights of the Constituent Assembly and the fight against Bolshevism, and became a member of the "Union of the Revival of Russia." At the same time, he met friendly with Ya. M. Sverdlov .
Then L. A. Krol left Moscow and moved to territories not controlled by the Bolsheviks. He visited Kazan, Samara, Chelyabinsk and Omsk, refused to enter Komuch , but established diplomatic relations with him and the Czechoslovak Corps. In August 1918, he was one of the founders of the Provisional Regional Government of the Urals , in which he became Deputy Chairman of the Council of the Government and Minister (Chief Executive Officer) of Finance. Member of the Ufa State Meeting . As a leader of the white movement, he was known for sympathizing with the "left", maintaining ties with the Socialist Revolutionaries and other socialists; even his deputy in the Ural government was the famous Menshevik .
As an informal leader of the Ural government, L.A. Krol was mainly engaged in relations with other White Guard governments in Omsk and Samara, as well as participation in the Ufa meeting, almost disengaging from work in the Ural government. He later recalled:
| Not wanting to create a separate department (as the regional government emphasized) fundamentally and not wanting to follow the example of Samara and Omsk, who really related relations with other areas to “foreign affairs”, the government decided on August 28: “All the affairs of the regional government of the Urals on foreign affairs should be assigned to finance manager ”... The new mission, as it turned out later, largely caused absences from Yekaterinburg and detached me from the direct work of managing the finance department s. Fortunately, in the person of V. A. Vsevolozhsky I had an excellent deputy [1] . |
The coup A.V. Kolchak did not immediately recognize. In March 1919 he was elected vowel of the Perm provincial zemstvo.
In 1919 L.A. Krol left with his family in Irkutsk. In the Far East, he joined the Amur National Assembly. In 1922 he published a book of memoirs and emigrated from Vladivostok to Paris. Publisher of Free Russia.
In Paris, Krol Lev Afanasevich - joined on June 3, 1925, on the recommendation of N. Avksentiev, V. Bukhalo and M. Margulies , to the bed "North Star" . Keeper of the seal from 1925 to 1927. Secretary in 1928. 1st Guard from 1928 to 1930. The delegate to the assembly of the Great East of France in 1929-1930. 2nd Deputy Orator in 1929. Legal delegate (judge) in 1930-1931. The guarantor of friendship in the box "Friendship of Peoples" in 1930 [2] .
P.N. Milyukov praised his role in the liberal movement in his newspaper "Latest News" (No. 3576, April 24, 1931).
Compositions
- Krol, L. A. For three years: Memories, impressions and meetings. - Vladivostok: Free Russia, 1921. - 212 p.
- Krol, L. A. The Siberian Government and the August Session of the Siberian Regional Duma: From Memories // Free Siberia. - 1928. - No. 4. - P.69 - 82.
Notes
- ↑ Krol L. A. For three years (memories, impressions and meetings). - Vladivostok: Type. T-va Ed. “Free Russia”, 1921, p. 88.
- ↑ Paris Lodge North Star
Literature
- Antropova, Irina. From the History of the Jews of the Urals // Essays and Journalism. Ural 2004, No. 11
- Berberova, Nina Nikolaevna. PEOPLE AND LODGES. RUSSIAN MASKS OF THE XX CENTURY. Progress Tradition, Moscow — Kharkov, 1997.
- Voinov V.M., Plotnikov I.F. KROL Lev Afanasevich // Ural Historical Encyclopedia.
- Kostyukovsky B., Tabachnikov S. And there is no happier fate. M., 1982.
- Krol M.A. Page from the Siberian public // SA. 1930.V. 3.P. 105-120.
- Krol M. A. Pages of my life. - New York: Union Rus. Jews, 1944. - T.1. - 312 p.
- Plotnikov, Ivan. Krol - the leader of the Ural cadets // " Ural Pathfinder ": magazine. - 2005. - No. 10 . - S. 67–69 .