Peregrines (from lat. Peregrinus - a foreigner, a foreigner) - a category of the population of the Roman state .
Peregrines were called persons who were personally free, but without Roman citizenship , mainly the inhabitants of regions conquered by Rome. After the Latin war, 340–338 BC e. persons of Latin citizenship were also excluded from the number of peregrines. Initially, they were inhabitants of the allies of Rome, and later of the Mediterranean cities subordinated by the Romans, that is, the Italians before the Allied War of 90-88 BC. e. and provincials. After the edict of Caracalla in 212, the number of peregrines decreased significantly. Under Justinian , only residents of the remote border regions of the Roman Empire remained in the position of peregrines.
Peregrines were deprived of the right to use ius civile (civil law of Rome), but could establish legal relations with Roman citizens, that is, they could use ius gentium . Accordingly, the peregrines received legal recognition, which did not have strangers (not subjects). In addition, in their internal private relations, they continued to use their national rule of law.
The courts, considering disputes between Roman citizens and the land, in their activity proceeded from considerations of not the rule of law , but justice and common sense ( lat. Ex aequo et bono ) [1] .
Notes
- ↑ Arbitration court of the ancient Greeks and Romans // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
Literature
- Nechay F. M. "Rome and the Italics", Minsk 1963
- Utchenko S. L. “Crisis and the fall of the Roman Republic”, Moscow 1965
- Jones AHM "Cities of the eastern Roman provinces", New York - Oxford 1937.