Kizel

The city is located in the western foothills of the Middle Urals on the Kizel River, a tributary of the Vilva River in the Yiva River Basin , 244 km from Perm . In the city is located the railway station of the same name on the Chusovskaya - Solikamsk line . The highway P343 ( Kungur - Chusovoy - Solikamsk ) passes through the city.

Climate

The temperate continental climate prevails.

The average annual rainfall is 630 mm.

The plan of the Kizelovsky plant, beg. XX century

The emergence of the city is associated with the discovery in 1750 of the Kizel and Maly Kizel rivers of iron ore deposits . In 1762, the first mine began to operate; in 1786, a coal deposit was discovered.

July 3, 1788 put into operation a dam on the river Kiesel. This date is accepted for the time of the emergence of a significant settlement on the site of the modern city of Kizela. ^[2]

In 1789, the Kizelovsky plant was launched. From 1797, coal mining began at the Zaprudnaya adit, which served as the beginning of the operation of the Kizelovsky coal basin . In 1856, the first, the largest Staro-Korshunovskaya Mine at that time, came into operation. Until the end of the 1870s. coal was mined in insignificant volumes (in 1875 - 1 million pounds). In 1879, traffic was opened along the Chusovaya - Solikamsk railway line, which served as an impetus for the further development of coal mining. Kizelovsky coals began to be consumed in large quantities, both by the railway itself and by a number of industrial enterprises. In 1880, coal production in the Kizelovsky basin amounted to 5.3 million pounds, in 1900 - 21.1 million. In terms of coal production, thanks to the development of the industry in the Kama region, the Urals moved to third place in the Russian Empire (after Donbass and Poland ) In 1900, there were 36 operating mines and adits in the Kizelovsky basin. Among the owners of the mines, the largest coal producers were Abamelek-Lazarev. Kizelovsky mines belonging to them stood out for their technical level, partial mechanization and electrification of work. Since 1898, descent and ascent from Lazarevsky mines, drainage began to be carried out using electricity, and in 1908 the first electric locomotives appeared here. On April 5, 1926, by a decree of the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, Kizel was transformed from a working village into a city.

The city developed most intensively as the center of an industrial region in the 1930s – 1950s, and a number of service facilities common to all cities of the Perm Urals appeared in Kizel. After enrichment, coal was supplied to metallurgical enterprises and was used for the needs of industry and municipal services of the Perm Region and neighboring regions. In 1960, the maximum production was reached (12 million tons), after which the Kizelovsky coal basin began to decline - in 1980, production amounted to about 6 million tons, in 1990 - 3.2 million. The main reason for the reduction in production was the high cost of coal from -for difficult mining and geological conditions and the impossibility of developing deposits in an open way due to the large depth of coal seams.

The decline in the industry of the city caused a reduction in its population in the 1960-1980s. In the 1990s, after the collapse of the sectoral management system, which subsidized unprofitable mines for decades, it was decided to liquidate the Kizelugol Trust. Coal mining was finally discontinued in 2000.

The post-Soviet period of Kizel’s history is characterized by a long industrial crisis, nevertheless, there are prospects for the development of mineral deposits other than coal in the Kizelovsky region, as well as the possibility of creating a tourist cluster (Mount Oslyanka, Kizelovskaya cave, Bear Cave and other attractions of the region).

Mikov A.Ya. (1925-1929 gg.);

Mochalov (1931-1932);

Zamyashin (1933-1934);

Pykhteev (1934-1937);

Fukalov V.A. (1937-1944 gg.);

Nazirov D.F. (1944-1952 gg.);

Zotikov K.V. (1952-1954 gg.);

Bukalov M.A. (1955-1956 gg.);

Malinkin V.S. (1957-1961 gg.);

Fazlyakhmetov S.S. (1961-1962 gg.);

Lyapin V.A. (1962-1971 gg.);

Igumnov G.V. (1971-1983);

Kirilenko V.K. (1984-1990);

Sementin A.N. (1990-1994 gg.);

Chistyakov A.A. (1994-1996);

Zemtsov D.S. (1996-2000);

Gavrilov A.N. (2000-2006 gg.);

Shtanik I.E. (2006-2010);

Chernopisky D. (2011—2015);

Rodygin A.V. (2016 — present).

By the decision of the City Duma of August 31, 2005, No. 94, the official symbols of Kizel, the flag and the coat of arms, were approved. The coat of arms is entered in the State Heraldic Register of the Russian Federation under No. 1965, the flag under No. 1966. The coat of arms of the city is a vowel .

As of January 1, 2019, in terms of population, the city was in 811th place out of 1115 ^[20] cities of the Russian Federation ^[21] .

By 1897, Kizel with adjoining territories was part of the Kizelov volost of the Solikamsk district of the Perm province and totaled 4,400 people.

Rapid population growth of Kizel occurred in the 1930s - 1950s and was associated with an increase in coal production, as well as with the location of a number of GULAG institutions near Kizel and in the city itself ^{[22] [23]} . At the beginning of January 1953, about 23 thousand prisoners were kept in the Kizelovsky ITL; later on, this number was significantly reduced (although the Ministry of Internal Affairs still exists in Kizel). At the beginning of 1959, of the 60.7 thousand inhabitants of Kizel, 13.8 thousand were on the other side of the barbed wire. The work of the prisoners themselves was not used in coal mining, the ranks of the miners were replenished by the recently released "special settlers" (more than 4 thousand people at the beginning of 1953). Another source of population growth in the city (especially in the 1930s) was the influx into the coal industry of residents of the surrounding rural areas.

A reduction in the number of prisoners at the Kizelovsky ITL and a drop in coal production led to the outflow of about a quarter of the population from the city in the 1960s, and subsequently it decreased on average by 1 thousand people a year. In 1989, the population of Kizel was 36.7 thousand inhabitants, in 2002 23.8 thousand, at the beginning of 2010 the number of inhabitants of the city decreased to 20.3 thousand. About 30 live within the boundaries of the municipality (Kizel with the nearest mining villages) thousand people.

According to the 2002 census, Russians make up about 80% of the population, Tatars - 13%, Ukrainians - 3%.

The railway station of the same name connects the city with Gubakha , Chusovoy , Berezniki , Lysva , Solikamsk , Perm .

From the city bus station, buses go to Yekaterinburg , Solikamsk , Lysva , Perm , Gubakha , Gornozavodsk , Yaiva .

• 6 - Russia 1
• 12 - Channel One
• 33 - Channel Five (Russia) / Ural Inform TV
• 36 - Russia K
• 54 - Russia 2
• 7 - Russia 24

• 67.67 VHF - Radio of Russia
• 103.1 FM - Gubakha Road Radio
• 96.2 FM - Perm Lighthouse Radio
• 100.10 FM - Autoradio

The city is divided into areas:

1. Volodarsky
2. 9th Plot
3. Domain Ugor
4. Zakazel
5. Common Mine
6. Ore mine
7. Builder
8. Frunze
9. Leninka
10. South
11. Center

After the liquidation of the main city-forming enterprises, the city became one of the most industrially depressed municipalities in the Perm Territory.

A dairy plant was closed in the city, a sewing factory is now a female correctional colony, and a factory for the production of oil rigs has recently received very few orders. Employment of the population is provided mainly by public sector enterprises and railway enterprises.

The environment in Kizel is extremely unfavorable. Coal mining for decades was carried out not only without any remediation measures, but even without coordination with construction organizations. The conservation of mines was not carried out properly. As a result, a significant part of the city’s residential development is at risk of ground failure. Most of the small Kizela rivers by discharges of acid mine water have been turned into dead bodies of water. Dumps and heaps occupy about 15 hectares of territory, in which more than 2 million m³ of rock are stored.

Geoecological conditions in the city of the Kizelovsk-Gubakha industrial hub (in the area of ​​the cities of Kizel, Gubakha and workers' settlements) are assessed as catastrophic by a combination of factors. Despite the significant influence of natural factors on this assessment, for example, the intersection in the Kizel city area of ​​potentially seismic hazard zones of the first and second hazard categories and the wide development of suffusion - karst processes, the main contribution to the state of the territory is made by the technogenic factor. Extensive geochemical anomalies were established for all media with halos and streams with an extremely dangerous degree of pollution, reaching 32 MPC (sometimes more). Here the highest incidence rate of the population is noted. These areas are classified as territories with a catastrophic ecological state of the natural (including geological) environment. ^[25]

• The average annual air temperature is 0.3 ° C
• Relative humidity - 74.4%
• Average wind speed - 3.2 m / s

People born, studied or worked in Kiesel:

• Igumnov, Gennady Vyacheslavovich - Governor of the Perm Region in 1996-2000.
• Izmestiev, Eduard Anatolyevich - singer, composer, also known for his performances in the stage image of Andrei Bandera .
• Lobanov, Alexey Viktorovich - Russian professional basketball player and coach.
• Mazur, Igor Mikhailovich - sculptor.
• Marusin, Yuri Mikhailovich - opera singer.
• Matveev, German Ivanovich - children's writer.
• Matveenko, Valery Pavlovich - Russian scientist-mechanic, laureate of the State Prize of Russia.
• Tankova Yaroslava - Russian journalist, writer and TV presenter.
• Shadrin, Gennady Alekseevich - Hero of the Soviet Union, Honorary Citizen of the city of Kizel.
• Zeissler, Victor Martynovich - Soviet and Russian scientist, Doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences, academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Honored Mineral Prospector, laureate of the Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation.

On urban lands are located: a geological natural monument (Bezgodovskaya cave) and a historical and natural complex ( Kizelovskaya cave ).

Office of the Kizelovsky mountain district of the princes Abamelek-Lazarev . The building was built in 1898. In this building, D. I. Mendeleev spoke to the masters, talking about underground fires. The building is an architectural monument of local importance. Currently, it houses the central post office. Address: st. Sovetskaya, d.2. In 1910, the first school of the city of Kizela opened in this building, which later moved to ul. Lenina, 16 (in Soviet times, the school was one of the largest in the city and had exemplary characteristics).

Monumental sculpture

The monument to V.I. Lenin (11/07/1926, sculptor V.V. Kozlov ) was erected by decision of the Kizelov party conference and at the expense of city residents. This is the first monument to V.I. Lenin in the Kama region. The pedestal was made in the form of a spiral on which the inscription "V. I. Lenin - a genius, the leader of the proletarian revolution. " The height of the monument is 5.5 meters, the material is bronze, according to some reports - copper. In November 1964, the monument was moved to the building of a garment factory, it was assumed that there would be a city center. Currently, the monument is located in a new place - in front of the city administration building and on a new pedestal.

A monument to the fallen freedom fighters (1924, N.I. Sergievsky) was erected at the burial place of prisoners of the Cherdynsky prison, executed during the retreat of the White Army in June 1919. The victims (84 people) were thrown alive into the old pit of the village of Artemyevsky mine ( Rudnichny ). After the liberation, the bodies of the dead were raised and buried in the city center. On the front side of the monument was inscribed "Let the army of the living boldly fight for the cause of the fallen brothers." To date, the inscription has not been preserved.

Monument to the Hero of the Soviet Union Konstantin Savelyev (05/19/1962, Kizelovsky sculptor A. G. Arapov) is a historical monument of the Perm region of local (regional) significance. Located in the city center on the street. On the odd side of the Soviet Union, between buildings No. 11 and No. 13. The idea to immortalize Konstantin Savelyev in stone belonged to Kizel’s schoolchildren.

• Site of the city of Kizel, Perm Territory
• Kizel. Photos of the city. Weather. Map. Sights.
• Kizel in the encyclopedia "My city"
• The history of the coat of arms of Kizel (note: judging by the materials of the city forum, the coat of arms has already been approved)
• Kizel-Chronicles of Kizel ( Kizel wiki project)