Inter-republican security service of the USSR

The Inter-Republican Security Service (SME) was created on October 22, 1991 by dividing the KGB of the USSR on the basis of Decree of the State Council of the USSR No. GS-8. This document established that the main function of the service is to coordinate the work of the republican security services and conduct counterintelligence activities agreed with them. Along with SMEs, the Central Intelligence Service of the USSR and the Committee for the Protection of the State Border of the USSR were also created ^[2] . On December 3, 1991, the liquidation of the KGB and the creation of SMEs were enshrined in law by the unconstitutional Council of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR ^[3] .

On October 24, 1991, the Coordination Council of the KGB of the USSR, created on September 11, was transformed into the Coordination Council of SMEs, its members included the Head of SMEs and heads of security bodies of the Union republics, as well as the Director of the Central Intelligence Service of the USSR ^[4] .

November 6, 1991 V.V.Bakatin was appointed the Head of the Inter-Republican Security Service ^[5] .

The provisional regulation on the Inter-Republican Security Service, approved on November 28, 1991, established that SME is the main successor to the KGB of the USSR in terms of material and technical base and property ^[6] . From the authority of the KGB in the jurisdiction of SMEs remained: counterintelligence (including military), operational investigative work, the manufacture of optical equipment, information and analytical work, training.

However, most of the powers of the KGB of the USSR went to the security services of the Union republics. In particular, on November 1, 1991, the former 7th KGB Directorate, 12th Division, a pre-trial detention center and a number of Operations and Technical Management services were transferred from the SMB to the KGB of the RSFSR . SMEs gradually remained only the coordinator of the republican special services; in addition, the territorial security agencies (the KGB in the territories and regions and the KGB of the autonomous republics) did not directly report to it.

On December 13, 1991, appointments were made in the leadership of the SME: A. A. Oleinikov became Bakatin’s first deputy, F. A. Myasnikov and N. A. Sham became deputy ^[7] (before the appointments, all three continued to perform duties, respectively, of the first deputy and Deputy Chairmen of the KGB of the USSR).

A few days before the self-liquidation of the Union authorities, on December 19, 1991, the Inter-Republican Security Service was abolished by the Government of the RSFSR ^[8] , and its base on the basis of a decree of the President of the RSFSR was included in the newly formed Ministry of Security and Internal Affairs of the RSFSR ^[9] . On December 26, 1991, the First Deputy Chairman of the SME A. A. Oleinikov became the First Deputy Minister of Security and Internal Affairs of the RSFSR.

On January 14, 1992, the decree on the creation of the Ministry of Internal Affairs was declared by the Constitutional Court of the RSFSR to be inconsistent with the Constitution of the RSFSR and was therefore declared null and void ^[10] . On January 24, SMEs were abolished again, with the inclusion of the RF Ministry of Security ^[11] .

On January 15, 1992, V. V. Bakatin, who had already ceased to exercise his powers, was officially dismissed by the President of the RSFSR Boris Yeltsin ^[12] . A similar decree was not issued by President of the USSR M. Gorbachev before resigning on December 25, 1991.

Deputy Chairmen of SMEs Oleinikov, Myasnikov and Sham, as well as some other service managers, were not officially dismissed, they terminated their duties at the end of December 1991 - January 1992.

The process of abolishing the SME of the USSR was completed on July 1, 1992 ^[11] .

• Bakatin Vadim Viktorovich (November 6, 1991 - January 15, 1992) - Head of the Inter-Republican Security Service of the USSR
• Oleinikov Anatoly Avvakumovich (December 13, 1991 - January 1992) - First Deputy Head of the Inter-Republican Security Service of the USSR
• Myasnikov Fedor Alekseevich (December 13, 1991 - January 1992) - Deputy Head of the Inter-Republican Security Service of the USSR
• Sham Nikolai Alekseevich (December 13, 1991 - January 1992) - Deputy Head of the Inter-Republican Security Service of the USSR

1. Lubyanka. Bodies of the Cheka-OGPU-NKGB-MGB-MVD-KGB. 1917-1991. Directory. Ed. Acad. A. N. Yakovleva; authors-comp .: A.I. Kokurin, N.V. Petrov - M .: International Fund "Democracy", 2003