Marie de France , or Maria from France or Maria France ( French Marie de France ) - one of the most famous medieval poetess of the XII century . The author of the collections “ La Marie de France” (“Les Lais de Marie de France”) and “Fables” (“Izopet”), as well as the poem “Purgatory of St. Patrick” (“L'Espurgatoire Seint Patriz”) and the life “Holy Life” Audrey "(" La Vie Seinte Audree ").
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Marie de France is considered one of the first French poets [2] : born in France [3] , spent a mature part of her life in England . At the royal court of Henry II and Alienora of Aquitaine , the works of Mary were written in Anglo-Norman . Despite the fact that the biographical information about the life of Marie de France is extremely scarce, in the future her works had a significant impact on the poetic genre of courteous literature - the so-called le ( fr. lai ).
Biography
No reliable biographical information about her. Even her name is known only from the legend to one of the manuscripts: “ Marie ai nun, si suis de France ” (“My name is Maria, I am from France”). It was from this line that her first publisher, Jean-Baptiste de Roquefort , called her the French Maria , in 1820 . One of her le is dedicated to the "noble king", the other to the "Earl of William." It is suggested that this is Henry II Plantagenet and his adviser William de Mandeville, respectively. From this they conclude that she visited the Anglo-Norman court and may have arrived in England as part of the Eleanor of Aquitaine court (her Norman dialect also testifies to the fact that she comes from France).
There is an assumption (in particular, John Fowles adhered to it) that Mary was the illegitimate sister of Heinrich, whose father, Geoffrey Plantagenet , had a secondary daughter of the same name, who became abbess of the Shaftesbury Abbey around 1180 .
Works
Four books are attributed to Mary:
- compilation 12 le
- Isopet (collection of 102 fables)
- retelling of the vision of St. Patrick "The Legend of Purgatory"
- The Life of Saint Audrey (that is, Ethelred of Ely)
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 BNF identifier : Open Data Platform 2011.
- ↑ Dolgorukova, Natalia Mikhailovna. “Le Mary of France in the context of the literature of her time.” S.13
- ↑ Dolgorukova, Natalia Mikhailovna. “Le Mary of France in the context of the literature of her time.” S.14