Monument of memory ( English Shrine of Remembrance ) - located on St. Kilda Road , in the city of Melbourne , Australia . This is one of the largest war memorials in Australia . It was originally built as a memorial dedicated to the inhabitants of Victoria , who served in the army during World War I , but soon became considered the largest memorial in Australia dedicated to the memory of all Australians who died in all the wars in which the country took part. The complex hosts annual celebrations of Anzac Day ( April 25 ) and Memorial Day ( November 11 ).
The main building of the complex was designed by two architects - World War I veterans Philip Hudson and James Wardrop. It is made in the classical style , and the project is based on the building of the Mausoleum in Helicarnassus , one of the seven wonders of the world , and the Athenian Parthenon [1] . The building was built of local granite [2] . In the center of the structure is a sanctuary surrounded by a gallery around the perimeter. The marble sanctuary stone is located in the sanctuary, on which the phrase “Greater love hath no man” is carved. Once a year, on November 11 , at 11 o’clock in the morning, a ray of sunlight, passing through a special hole, sanctifies the word “Love” . Under the sanctuary is the Mourning Hall, in which there are bronze statues of father and son, as well as panels with a list of all Australian army units that took part in the First and Second World Wars. In 2002 - 2003, a visitor center was added to the building, which has a separate entrance directly to the Mourning Hall [3] .
The idea to build a memorial in Melbourne dedicated to the soldiers of the First World War first appeared in 1918 . Two committees were created for its implementation, the second of which announced a competition for the best project. In 1922, the project of the Monument of Remembrance [4] won. However, at first he met with serious opposition in the press, as a result of which he was revised by the Victoria Government. In defense of the original project, a popular general in Australia , the hero of the First World War , Sir John Monash, spoke. As a result, the project was finally approved, and the first stone in the foundation of the Monument was laid on November 11, 1927 . Construction work lasted seven years, and the monument was officially opened on November 11, 1934 [5] .
Notes
- ↑ Taylor, p. 101.
- ↑ Royall (2007)
- ↑ The Sanctuary // Shrine of Remembrance Education Program: Background Information . - Shrine of Remembrance. - P. pp. 8-10. Archived August 30, 2006 on the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Inglis (2008), pp. 301-302.
- ↑ Taylor (2005), pp. 101-102
Literature
- Inglis, KS Sacred Places: War Memorials in the Australian Landscape. - 3rd edition. - Victoria, Australia: Melbourne University Press, 2008 .-- ISBN 978-052285479-4 .
- Royall, Ian . Shrine of Remembrance's structure in the wars , Herald Sun (December 11, 2007). Archived December 30, 2012. Date of treatment October 3, 2008.
- Taylor, William. Lest We Forget: the Shrine of Remembrance, its redevelopment and the heritage of dissent // Fabrications: journal. - 2005. - Vol. 15 , no. 2 . - P. 102 . Archived February 25, 2009.