Cane

Insignia

The cane was a sign of distinction of the gentlemen of a particular order and was used by the officers of the orders. They had signs of the corresponding order. Usually, canes were made from ebony , but others were also used ^[3] .

Previously, the distinctive affiliation assigned to whom or what a mark , the object for distinction was called the Attribute and the janitor's attributes were a cane or a mace and a sling ^[4] .

Insignia

In the 16th — 17th centuries, in the Russian Streltsy army, “elementary people” ( officers ) differed from ordinary strelets in cutting clothing, armament, and also had a cane (only colonels or generals , which they ordered at their own expense, possibly replacing coinage ) and mittens or gloves with wrists .

In the Don Cossack , the troop ataman (as a sign of distinction) had a cane called “ naseka ”, which they, leaving their position , transferred to the newly elected (later appointed) to this rank with a special ceremony. Peter the Great , wanting to give military atamans greater importance and power, in 1704 granted the Army a silver seal and a section, decorated on the ends with a silver frame; on the upper rim there was an inscription: “the Don Don army in 1704”.

Zaporozhets memories
... Every six months they chose a military leader, a kosheviy, who, after going to church, solemnly received the signs of his dignity, which he received from the Russian sovereign and consisted of a special cap , mace, first , cane and horsetail . ...

- Gilbert Romm . Journey to the Crimea in 1786 - Leningrad : Publishing of Leningrad State University , 1941 - 79 p.

Standard (solid) cane

The standard solid cane is made most often of wood. It is a reliable support, but it is difficult to find such a cane exactly according to the height of the patient. In order to fit the whole cane in length, the tip is removed from it, the excess part is sawn off and the tip is put back on. To increase the height of the standard cane is impossible.

T-handle stick

The cane with the T-shaped handle provides stability to both the elderly person and the patient during the rehabilitation period. Serves as a reliable support when moving home and on the street.

Folding cane

Folding cane folds section. The main advantage of a folding cane is ease of transportation. The length of a folded walking stick when folded is approximately 30-35 cm, which makes it possible to carry it in a bag or backpack.

Telescopic cane

Telescopic cane is adjustable in length by telescopic method. It is equipped with a locking lock that latches when the shaft is extended to the desired length. Telescopic cane is considered universal. There are many models of telescopic canes.

• Telescopic cane with a displaced center of gravity for patients with coordination disorders (ataxia, age-related changes, rehabilitation after a stroke ),
• Telescopic cane with two support arms for lifting from a sitting position. When lifting the patient rests on the lower handle, stands up, and when walking rests on the upper handle.
• Telescopic cane with a swan-neck handle is a classic cane for elderly patients.

Allows:

• lean on her with both hands
• hang on the arm when the cane is not needed
• conveniently position the cane in your hand for arthritis or arthrosis

• Telescopic cane with anatomical handle for increased loads, when the actual weight of the patient is transferred to the cane. Anatomical grip follows the contours of the palm. Maximum comfortable.

Walking cane

Subspecies of telescopic reeds are canes supported on four or three legs. The supports can be large and small, square and pyramidal. Due to the large number of reference points such a cane ensures increased stability. Usually, a cane with a support is recommended for patients with impaired coordination, severely weakened physically, suffered a stroke, or who are at an early stage of the rehabilitation period.

Cane for the Blind

The cane for the blind is made of light reflecting material. It is also called white cane. The white cane became a symbol of the blind in 1921 thanks to James Biggs , who first repainted his black cane in white.

Battle Canes

• A cane with a blade. A knife, blade, an awl, etc. is hidden in the cavity of the shaft. This type of cane, depending on the degree of compliance with the parameters specified in the laws of the country that establish standards for cold arms, may refer to such.
• Cane with a stun gun. The first cane with a stun gun was developed and manufactured by the Russian manufactory Mr. Hogvard .
• The cane is weighted. The cavity of the shaft is filled with lead.
• Cane with a gun. Usually single-shot, but it happens with a drum. Less often with the store. The cavity is the trunk.
• Cane flamethrower. Single shot pyro cartridge with flammable liquid (napalm). The cavity is a nozzle. The length of the torch is 1.5-3.0 meters.
• Pneumatic cane. 10-20 charging cartridge. The diameter of the ball is 5.5-7.5 mm. The cavity is the trunk.
• Gas cane cane. Gas from tear to poisonous. The cavity is a nozzle.

Ultrasonic walking stick for the blind

Korean company Primpo has developed an ultrasound cane for the blind. The cane detects obstacles "in the range of 25 degrees in the horizontal direction and 50 degrees vertically." The ultrasonic sensor responds to objects up to 3 cm in size at a distance of 2 meters from a person. An ultrasound cane reports vibrations with obstacles ^[5] .

Another ultrasound cane is an electronic device that is worn on the wrist and sends a sound or vibrating signal of an approaching obstacle or potential hazard ^[6] .

Decorative cane

Decorative cane serves as an accessory that complements the image of its owner. Decorative walking canes differ:

• material of which the cane is made
• stylistics of the handle (knob)
• collectible value (antique, not antique cane)

In the manufacture of elegant light canes, exclusive, exotic woods are used (sapele, zebrano, limewood, American cherry, jatoba), and in the design of a handle or a knob - metal (including precious metals), amber, bone, and turquoise. At the request of the client, a handmade cane can be crowned with a handle of the original shape (eagle's head, skull, dog, etc.), stylized painting of a shaft or a kind of decorative design. Collectible canes - especially those from the 19th century - can be decorated with personalized engravings, gold and silver elements, inlaid bone, mother-of-pearl and precious stones.

Cane with a secret

Gift and walking canes can be equipped with a so-called "secret". The "secret" of the cane (knife, rapier, flashlight, comb, flask, etc.) is located in the hollow space of the handle. The first secret flask was made in the 19th century by order of Prince Edward, whose mother (Queen Victoria) did not approve of her son’s addiction.

Multifunctional canes

The multifunctional canes include a cane umbrella, a cane chair, and a cane stroller . The cane-chair is a telescopic cane equipped with a folding plastic seat, where you can relax while walking or sit at the bus stop, waiting for transport. Cane stroller is quite suitable for moms and is used by them when traveling or hiking long distances, when they have to fold the stroller and take the child in their arms.

Smart canes, usually made for the elderly, may have built-in functions for diagnosing the body, calling for an ambulance, sounding an alarm and the like.

Rod-cane

A cane, a flexible cane or a cane (eng. Cane , rattan cane ) is a tool for corporal punishment .

• Crutch

• Reed // Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language : in 4 t. / Ed.-comp. V.I. Dahl . - 2nd ed. - SPb. : M.O. Wolf Typography, 1880–1882.
• Attribute // Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language : in 4 t. / Ed.-comp. V.I. Dahl . - 2nd ed. - SPb. : M.O. Wolf Typography, 1880–1882.
• Order batons and canes // Encyclopedic dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 tons (82 tons and 4 extra). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
• Ataman // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : 86 t. (82 t. And 4 extra.). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
• Reed, walking stick // Archimandrite Nikifor's Bible Encyclopedia . - M. , 1891-1892.

• The use of canes in the treatment and rehabilitation process. V.I. Parish. Assistant professor. Candidate of Medical Sciences 2014