Krasnoyarsk republic

Causes and Sources of Conflict

During the October political strike, October 20, 1905 was organized by the Elective Commission of the workers of Krasnoyarsk. Under the leadership of the commission, labor squads were formed and an 8-hour working day was established by secret order. In addition, she was responsible for the overall coordination of the strike and held negotiations with entrepreneurs. Subsequently, the Electoral Commission was renamed the Council of Deputies from the workers of Krasnoyarsk. The Social Democrat Alexander Melnikov was elected Chairman of the Workers' Council.

On October 21 , on the same day as the pogrom in Tomsk , a pogrom also took place in the city center: there was a clash between the participants of the revolutionary rally at the local People’s House and the Black-Hundred demonstration organized by the “ Union of Peace and Order ” ^[1] .

On December 6, the United Council of Deputies from workers and soldiers was created, which included about 120 people from the Bolsheviks , Mensheviks , Socialist Revolutionaries and non-partisans.

Conflict Development

The authorities tried to use soldiers of the railway battalion , who was heading to Manchuria, as strikebreakers . However, the soldiers themselves went on strike on December 8th . In the course of it, a soldiers' committee was formed, whose chairman was ensign Andrei Kuzmin, adjoining the Socialist Revolutionaries ^[2] . All three councils acted simultaneously.

On December 8, representatives of the Joint Council, with the support of the Soldiers' Committee, took over the provincial printing house and organized the printing of the newspaper Krasnoyarsk Worker .

On December 9, an armed demonstration was held, as a result of which the Joint Council took power in the city. Decisions on freedom of the press and assembly were adopted and published, the railway and enterprises were taken under control, a people's court was created, and fighting squads, having disarmed the police, organized policing in the city.

However, Andrei Kuzmin opposed the seizure of the arsenal and the transfer of weapons to workers. The joint council began preparations for the election of a new city ​​council .

Meanwhile, having suppressed other hotbeds of insurrection, the government sent troops to Krasnoyarsk . On December 25-27, tsarist troops occupied the city and established patrols there. On December 28, martial law was declared, and the governor ordered the disarmament of the railway battalion.

227 soldiers and more than 500 workers barricaded themselves in railway workshops. After 8 days of fighting with the troops and an increasing shortage of weapons, food and water, the besieged were forced to surrender on January 3, 1906 .

The results of the uprising

9 soldiers were sentenced to 8 years of hard labor, more than 160 workers and soldiers - to imprisonment and placement in prison companies. Andrei Kuzmin fled the city and emigrated to Paris ^[2] .

In subsequent years, the head of the Yenisei Provincial Gendarme Administration in his reports expressed the opinion that the revolutionary workers were not punished properly: released on bail, they were taken back to work, received promotion and wages, which only contributed to the popularization of revolutionary ideas ^{[3 ]} .

• In 1909 , the former defender of the republic, the railwayman Frolov laid a dangerous hole to the peak of Skufya and "rightfully pioneer" "gave" the top the name Kommunar ^[4] .
• In Krasnoyarsk, one of the avenues is named after the newspaper Krasnoyarsk Worker, which is still being issued.

• Kuzmin, Andrei Illarionovich
• Siberian Union of the RSDLP
• The revolution of 1905 in Krasnoyarsk

• 1905 in Krasnoyarsk . Sat documentary materials. Krasnoyarsk, 1955
• Demochkin N. N. The Soviets of 1905 - organs of revolutionary power. M., 1963
• Yakovlev N.N. Armed uprisings in December 1905. M., 1957

• 1905: events, facts, comments. Krasnoyarsk republic