Maria Sibylla Merian ( German: Maria Sibylla Merian ; April 2, 1647 , Frankfurt , Germany - January 13, 1717 , Amsterdam , Netherlands ) - German artist and engraver of the Baroque period , entomologist .
| Maria Sibylla Merian | |
|---|---|
| him. Maria Sibylla Merian | |
 Portrait of George Gzel | |
| Date of Birth | April 2, 1647 |
| Place of Birth | Frankfurt am Main , Germany |
| Date of death | January 13, 1717 (69 years old) |
| A place of death | Amsterdam , Netherlands |
| A country | |
| Study | Jacob Marell , Abraham Mignon |
Content
- 1 Life and work
- 1.1 In the literature
- 2 memory
- 3 Gallery
- 4 notes
- 5 Literature
- 6 References
Life and work
Maria Sibylla Merian was the daughter of the Swiss engraver Matteus Merian the Elder, who worked in Germany, and his second wife Sibylla Hein.
In fact, the education and upbringing of Maria Sibylla was dealt with by the second husband of her mother, the Dutch artist Marel, who was the first to notice the stepdaughter's talent and began to teach her how to draw.
In her works she left us perfect images of flowers, fruits and animals. She also worked as a book illustrator . After studying painting and engraving by masters of "flower" still lifes, Jacob Marell and Abraham Mignon lived and painted with her husband, German artist Johann Andreas Graf in Nuremberg and Amsterdam .
In the Nuremberg period, Maria Sibylla created non-fading and waterproof dyes and began painting tablecloths in her workshop. Decorated with flowers, birds, herbs, trees, the products looked great on both sides of the fabric and, due to the properties of the paints, did not wash off during washing and did not fade in the sun.
In 1674, Maria Sibylla began a systematic study of insects. Having discovered that everything in the world is subject to unexpected transformations, he begins to prepare the work “The Book of Caterpillars”.
In 1677, at the request of the residents of Nuremberg to teach them the art of embroidery, Maria Sibilla published an album with her own illustrations in her father’s printing house - a manual of floral designs, the so-called florillegium “Book of Flowers” with hand-painted flower engravings.
In 1685, she settled with her two daughters in a Labadist community - one of the many sects generated by the Reformation. She stayed at Valta Castle in the west of the Netherlands to deepen her education.
In 1699-1701 she traveled to Suriname , during which she observed and described the local flora and fauna. During her two years in Suriname, she collected a rich collection of insects, caterpillars, butterflies, which for a long time was the most complete entomological survey in South America.
In 1705, she published the book Metamorphosis insectorum surinamensium, dedicated to Surinamese insects. [one]
She died in 1717 in Amsterdam after two years of serious illness.
Daughter: Dorothea Maria Henrietta Gzel (1678-1743), artist, wife of Gzel .
In the literature
The Story of "Dreams of Insects", Rosalind Palermo Stevenson. [2]
Memory
- The image of M.S. Merian was placed on a banknote of 500 marks , which was in circulation in Germany from 1992 to 2002, right up to the introduction of the euro in this country.
- One of the German multi-purpose research vessels, Maria S. Merian, was named after M.S. Merian .
Gallery
Illustrations from the book Metamorphosis insectorum surinamensium.
Notes
- ↑ Natalya Kopaneva, Living Colors of Merian // “First-hand Science” No. 1 (31), 2010
- ↑ Rosalind Palermo Stevenson. Dreams of insects . www.livelib.ru. Date of appeal October 23, 2018.
Literature
- Lukina T.A. Maria Sibylla Merian. 1647-1717 / Ans. ed. I.I. Kanaev . - L .: Science . Leningra. Department, 1980. - 208, [36] p. - ( Scientific and biographical series ). - 21,000 copies.
- Die Welt der Malerei, Köln 1990.
- Semashko I.I. 100 great women.