Kovali (Chuvashia)

It got its name from the pagan name of the man Kaval . Kaval is the pagan name of a man. The name of the villages, for example, Kovaley, the former Alkeevsky volost, Tetyushsky uyezd , etc. ( Kavalăn yytti te mana doll pulat . All Kovalens are my maternal uncle , because my mother is from Kovaley) // Name p. Kovaley Urmarsky district (according to legend, that was the name of the brother of Tupakh, the founder of this village). Kavalpa Tupah инinchen wattisem ak mán kalázáççě: ělěkekh pirěn yal patěnchi vǎrmanta pěr çyn purănnă. Unăn Kavalpa Tupah yatlă yvălě pulnă. Tata Urava ilně Varmar yatl ıvălě pulnă. Vărmar ku çynna katkasem, pichěkesem tusa pulăšsa purǎnnǎ. Kavalpa Tupah ǎna kuraymasǎr osal tună. Ashšě ăna pělně te ıvălěcene ılhannă, Vărmara pilissa hăvarnă. Tupaha: "Esěpěrten-pěreh yulăn, sanăn ăru neither ӱsmӗ, nor Sakhallanmӗ." Kavala: “Sann ӑru Tupahunninchen yyshlӑrakh ta, chaplӑrah ta pulӗ”, - tenӗ ( N. I. Ashmarin , VI, 17) ^[3] .

The Chuvash Kaval lived in Zakamye. He had sons Semke, Kuchelin, Kaluga, Elke, Simula. Kaval and his sons built a small ship, and on it they climbed up the Volga, then along Sviyaga, turned on the river. Ara. We stopped at the river Keles. They uprooted a plot of wood and built a house. So the village of Kovali appeared (Y. N. Zaitsev) ^[4] .

- Dubanov I.S. ^[5]

The village of Kovali is located on the stream Kovalushka, which flows into the river Arya - the left tributary of Sviyaga . Urmara District Center is 8 km away.

Climate

The climate is temperate continental with long cold winters and warm summers. Average January temperature: −12.9 ° C, July: +18.3 ° C, absolute minimum: −44 ° C, absolute maximum: +37 ° C. The average annual rainfall is 552 mm.

The first settlement belongs to the XIV-XV centuries.

In 1602, in the Scribe Book of Kazan County : Big Koval, Small Koval, Koval-Tashli, Sandy Koval, then - in 1782 - Russian Koval, Servicemen Koval, Tatar Koval, Cheremis Koval, Lower Koval ( Arsky district ).

In the archives of 1662, migrants from Kovaley are already mentioned, in 1710 - “the village of Kovali at the Kovale river”.

In 1757, a wooden church was built in the name of St. Archangel Michael . Parish villages: New Muratovo, Old Shchelkany, Ezbebi, Old Muratovo, Sunchaleevo, Akzegitovo, Near Yumashevo. The parish has 3 parish schools, 3 literacy schools, a zemstvo and a fraternal school.

From 1845 to the 1860s , a volost school of the Ministry of State Property was operating: the first teacher was the priest Stefan Atopaginsky.

In 1846, a retired soldier Vasily Ivanov opens a private literacy school, for which peasants rent a house for the general account.

On the appeal of the assembly on January 10, 1881, the Zemsky men's school was opened. The law of God is taught by the Russian priest V.P. Ilyinsky who has learned the Chuvash language .

By the decision of a rural gathering in 1894, a hospital building was constructed with an outpatient clinic and a feldsher's station, which were located in the house of a peasant Vasily Petrov.

In 1895, the school of Kazan brotherhood of St. Guria .

At the Kovalenska "Dmitrievskaya" fair in 1902, goods worth 3 thousand rubles were sold.

The two-story building of the new brick school was built from 1912 to 1924 . During the First World War, about 40 captured Austrians, Czechs, Germans participated in the construction. The decoration used marble.

In 1916 a post office was opened.

Administrative Territory

Until 1922, it is known as Old Kovali.

November 29, 1926 included in the Wurmar parish .

Until 1927 - as part of the Kavala volost of the Civil district .

From November 1, 1927 - in the Urmarsky district.

The number of households and residents: in 1721 - 299 men; in 1747 - 427 men ^[1] .

In 1781 - 1782 according to the Gazette of the Viceroyalty of Kazan , in the village of Kovali, along the Are River, there were 329 baptized Chuvashs ^[6] .

In 1795 - 150 yards, 416 men, 352 women ^[1] .

In 1858, in the village of Arkhangelskoye (Kovali) (“Tsyvil Uyezd, 2 camps”) “under the Kovushushka ravine ” there were 176 households (477 male and 485 female, state peasants ) ^[7] . In 1897 - 823 men, 797 women; in 1926 - 441 yards, 932 men, 1058 women; in 1939 - 881 men, 1094 women; in 1979 - 609 men, 781 women; in 2002 - 418 households, 896 people: 420 men, 476 women; in 2010 - 300 frequent. households, 726 people: 362 men, 364 women ^[1] .

The village is gasified.

There is a school .

Street network

Streets: Lenin, P. Afanasyev , Kapitonov Brothers, Moskovkin Brothers, Tukmakov Brothers, Yu. Gagarin, N. Zarubin, Isaev Metri , M. Kalinin, Kirov, Kapitonov, V. Rzaya , Sovetskaya, Komsomolskaya, V. Turdusha ^[10] , V. Stepanova, Peace, Nikolaev, Tereshkova , Novaya, Sverdlova , Semke, Chapaeva , Cheboksarskaya, Chkalova , Shosseinaya.
Lanes: S. Budyonny , N. Krupskaya , Frunze , Chapaev, Friendship, Komarov
Area: Liberty ^[11] .

• Communication: OJSC Volgatelecom , Bee Line, MTS, Megafon. ADSL Internet technology has been developed.
• Newspapers and magazines: Urmara district newspaper “Hurl Yalav” (“Red Banner”). Publication languages: Chuvash, Russian.
• Television: Terrestrial and satellite television in Chuvash, Tatar, Russian and other languages.

• Evgenia Baranova - ophthalmologist, honored doctor of the Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (1963), honored doctor of the RSFSR (1967) ^[12] .
• Belkov Konon Pimenovich - statesman, senior adviser to justice, Minister of Justice of the Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, member of the Supreme Court of the Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic ^[13] .
• Gerasimov Vitaliy Aleksandrovich - trade worker, production organizer, chairman of the board of the Urmarsky district, honored trade worker of the Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (1970), honored trade worker of the RSFSR (1980) ^[14] .
• Dolgov Vasily Efremovich - lawyer, journalist, member of the Union of Journalists of the Russian Federation (1991), honored lawyer of the Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (1990) ^[15] .
• Isaev Dmitry Vladimirovich (pseudonym - Avral) - prose writer, literary critic.
• Rzai Victor Efremovich - teacher, poet, prose writer and translator, member of the Union of Writers of the USSR (1934).
• Sadyukov Nikolai Ivanovich - painter, graphic artist, museum worker, member of the Union of Artists of the USSR (1983).
• Stepanov Vasily Stepanovich - production organizer, Hero of Socialist Labor (for obtaining high yields of grain crops and the development of virgin and fallow lands).
• Turtushov Veniamin Ivanovich - front-line poet, participant in the Great Patriotic War.
• Yuryev Mikhail Fedorovich - playwright, prose writer, member of the creative union of writers "Kanash" (1923). He worked as the main director of the Chuvash Drama Theater (1925-26), the director of Chuvashkino ^[16] .
• Yuryev Pyotr Fedorovich - statesman, in 1931–33 the People's Commissar of Supply of the Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, in 1933–37 the head. agricultural department of the regional committee of the CPSU (b). In 1937, the People's Commissar of Agriculture of the Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic ^[17] .

• Official site