Guinea-Bissau is a state on the west coast of Africa . The capital is the city of Bissau .
It covers an area of 36,120 km².
The total length of the state border is 724 km, with Guinea - 386 km, Senegal - 338 km.
Coastline: 350 km.
The complex coastline of Guinea-Bissau is strongly dissected by river estuaries . The Bizhagosh Islands, located off the Atlantic coast of the country, were formed during the flooding of the ancient delta of the Heba River. The spurs of the Futa-Jalon plateau up to 262 m high extend to the southeast of the country. A flat alluvial-sea lowland (swampy in some places) extends from it east to west, gradually descending, as it is located in the region of the latest dives on the continental outskirts of Africa. Of the minerals known deposits of bauxite , phosphorite , gold , and on the shelf - oil and gas .
The climate is subequatorial monsoon with wet summers and dry winters. The average air temperature ≈ +26 ° C throughout the year. Annual precipitation decreases from 3,000 mm on the coast to 1,200 mm in the east, where droughts and dust storms are frequent.
The dense river network is represented by high-water rivers (Heba, Kasheu , Korubal, Balana), navigable for a considerable length.
Along the coast grow mangroves on swampy mangrove soils, giving way to deciduous-evergreen forests. And behind them, in the inner regions of the country along river valleys, there are gallery forests on alluvial soils , and in the place of deforested forests there are tall grass savannas on red ferrallite soils. Indigenous forests occupy 37% of the territory of Guinea-Bissau, annually decreasing by 1%. Birds were better preserved than animals, and mammals were mostly exterminated by humans (there are monkeys , hippos , otters , manatees ).