Dagestan Horse Regiment

The regiment originates from a special irregular unit - the "Dagestan horsemen" (two hundred), formed in 1842. Its purpose was to be under the commander of the troops of Northern and Nagorno- Dagestan .

In 1850, the number of riders was increased to 400 (reduced to 4 hundred ); the next year, the 5th hundred was formed, and in February 1852 the 6th, with the Dagestan riders forming the Dagestan cavalry-irregular regiment . The regulation on the regiment was supremely approved on December 16, 1851, from which time the regiment received its seniority, although its final formation was made on May 1, 1852.

From the day of formation to the final reconciliation of the Caucasus, the Dagestan regiment took an outstanding part in the Caucasian War .

A month later, after the formation, the regiment took up a position at Kutishinsky heights ; On July 23 of the same 1852, three hundred took part in the raid on the village of Kuduh, and on July 27, the second hundred was different in the case at Arkas , where it repulsed the fierce attacks of the highlanders. Then the regiment is part of the Dagestan detachment and carries out guard service.

In August of the following year, the regiment, as part of the same detachment, made a “historical and almost unprecedented” transition through the Main Caucasian Range to the Jaro-Belokan District , to the rescue of the detachment of Prince Orbeliani , and by its appearance prevented the defeat of Kakheti Shamil .

In 1854, the regiment was distinguished by the seizure of the mountain village of Urkarah , where two hundred regiments had to take the sakli by storm on foot , on July 8 in the case of Burtunaya , then in a series of minor skirmishes, raids, movements; finally, on October 26, 1855, the 5th hundred withstands the battle of Arkas. Here, a hundred came across a 5,000th detachment of highlanders, under the command of Shamil’s son, Kazi-Magoma . Due to the fearlessness and composure of the hundreds commander , the centurion Abdurakhman, all the fierce attacks , with a total number of up to 10, were repelled, but upon the arrival of reinforcements (infantry company ), the hundred went on the offensive and forced Kazi-Magom to retreat. The centurion Abdurahman was hit by a bullet, but hid it. To preserve the memory of the brilliant case on October 26 in the 5th hundred, the commander of the troops in the Caspian region, Prince Orbeliani, presented her with a white cloth badge with gold fringe and a gold inscription on both sides in Russian and Arabic “Arkas. October 26, 1855. "

After this, a series of raids follows again, in which the regiment distinguishes itself with "extreme indefatigability, courage and speed." On June 16, 1857, the regiment was part of the Salatava detachment to occupy Salatavia and bravely fights with the highlanders of Shamil. At Novy Burtunai, on November 6, the regiment, under the command of Prince Bagration, scattered a large enemy with a dashing attack, led by Kazi-Magomoy; his defeat was complete and was committed exclusively by one Dagestan regiment.

In 1858, the regiment took part in a new campaign in Salatavia, distinguishing itself especially in the capture of the Michail blockages on June 17, 1858. On the night of October 25, 1858, the 6th hundred had to distinguish themselves in the case at the Zeli-Kaka gorge. This case gained particular fame, among other things, thanks to the testimony of it by Alexander Dumas the father , who placed the description of this battle in one of his writings (“Le Caucase depuis Prométhée jusqu'à Chamyl”). The battle itself lasted no more than 5 minutes, but the dashing raid of hundreds was so strong that several people and horses fell dead from a mere collision. Commander of the troops in the Caspian region, Baron Wrangel , wishing to express his gratitude to the 6th hundred for this rare cavalry business, presented her with an icon of expensive blue silk fabric with the same fringe and with an inscription on both sides in Russian and Arabic: “See - Like. October 25, 1858. "

On December 25 of the same year, the regiment, in commemoration of a special Monarchal favor, was granted a simple banner, without an inscription.

Since February 23 of the next year, the regiment has been participating in an expedition to Chechnya , and on May 23 again on a campaign in Salatavia. July 16, the regiment had to make an important crossing for us across the river. Koisu near metro Sogrytlo. Here, under the fire of the murids caused by the hunters of the regiment, a rope was thrown across the river, then a cradle was built and, thus, it was possible to transport the entire regiment individually. The first of those who crossed, the coronet Tulev , was awarded the Order of St. George 4th degree. On the report of this case, Emperor Alexander II wrote: “The crossing is definitely fine.”

Finally, on August 25, 1859, the regiment took an active part in the capture of Gunib .

On December 25, 1860, the new regulation on the regiment was highly approved, which somewhat smoothed out the particularities of manning the regiment, although the regiment still had a police character.

The regiment spent the second half of 1861 on expeditions to Unkratl and the Argun district, and on July 12, 1863, came to pacify the rebelled Avars in the Zagatala district.

Since June 1, 1865, a guard service in the Dagestan region was assigned to the regiment. By the highest order on February 19, 1868, in commemoration of a special Monarchal favor, the regiment was granted seven St. George silver pipes.

In 1870, the regiment took part in the Mangyshlak campaign , and from January 8, 1873, the 3rd and 4th hundreds were in the Khiva campaign (part of the Langakin Mangyshlak detachment). By the highest order on April 17, 1875, these hundreds of regiments were granted signs for hats with the inscription "For the difference in the Khiva campaign of 1873."

On November 14, 1876, the states of the new equestrian irregular regiments of the second stage were approved, which were to be formed from the Dagestan regiment. On November 16, the 2nd Dagestan Horse-Irregular Regiment was formed, and on January 2, 1877, the 3rd. The formation of the 2nd Regiment ended on January 22, 1877, and the 3rd on February 12. From May 8 to June 7, the 4th Regiment was formed.

The indigenous Dagestan horse-irregular regiment allocated half the personnel to the cadres of the new regiments. The 2nd and 3rd regiments were immediately sent to the theater of operations against Turkey , where the 3rd regiment was especially distinguished, which received signs for hats and the St. George flag for the capture of Kars .

With the outbreak of the Russo-Turkish war, the indigenous Dagestan regiment was moved to Salatavia to pacify the highlanders' uprising , and since September 9 of the same year, it took part in the suppression of an armed uprising in Dagestan. The most famous thing was the case at the village of Levashi, where two hundred overthrew about 6 thousand rebels. On October 20, the other three hundred distinguished themselves in the capture of Hudasar.

With the beginning of 1878, the disbandment of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th regiments began, which ended at the end of this year.

In 1879, the regiment was sent to the Akhal-Tekinsky expedition , having allocated a frame for the formation of the 2nd Dagestan equestrian irregular regiment.

On August 16, 1879, the Highest Regiment was granted the St. George flag with the inscription "For the suppression of the uprising in Dagestan in 1877."

January 21, 1894 The new regulation on the regiment was supremely approved, and it was named the Dagestan cavalry regiment. Until 1894, the regiment, in its structure and composition of officers and lower ranks, was completely police in character; from 1894 to 1904, the regiment had the character of a regular unit close to the Cossack regiments

On April 9, 1904, the new regulation on the regiment was supremely approved: it was equated with dragoon regiments and became one of the regular cavalry.

The regiment did not have to take a direct part in the Russian-Japanese war , but parts of the regiment, like in the Russian-Turkish war, served as a frame for the formation of the 2nd Dagestan cavalry regiment, which was at the theater of military operations.

On January 31, 1904, Emperor Nicholas II ordered to summon those who wanted to go to war with Japan from the Caucasian highlanders, who did not carry military service, and from the Dagestan Horse Regiment and from these hunters to form 12 hundred ethnic groups, which were reduced to a brigade of 2 regiments. On March 24, 1904, the Caucasian Horse Brigade was formed as part of the 2nd Dagestan and Terek-Kuban Horse Regiments; at the end of the war, this brigade was disbanded in 1906.

Regimental holiday - November 26th.

• 1852-1854 - Major Dzhemardzhidzev, Mikhail Grigoryevich
• 1859-1863 - Colonel Chavchavadze, Zakhary Gulbatovich
• 1863-1877 - Colonel Chelokaev, Ilya Zaalovich
• 06.1878–11.1878 - Major Gaidarov, Naum Kasyanovich
• 10.19.1889 - 02.28.1896 - lieutenant colonel ( colonel from 6.05.1890) Kusov, Inal Tegoevich
• 03.25.1904-24.11.1905 - Colonel L.-Guards Horse Regiment Nakhichevan, Huseyn Khan
• 1908-1909 - Colonel Chavchavadze, Alexander Iosifovich
• 04/29/1910-14.08.1913 - Colonel Margania, Malakhiy Kvadzhievich
• 10/15/1913 - 01/25/1915 - Colonel Kobiev, Mikhail Andreevich
• 01/25/1915 - 12/10/1916 - Colonel Malsagov, Safarbek Tovsoltanovich
• 12/10/1916-? - Colonel Khabaev, Yakov Vasilievich

• Ziyatkhanov, Shahverdi Khan Abulfat Khan oglu - Russian and Azerbaijani military leader, colonel.
• Qajar, Feyzulla Mirza - Russian and Azerbaijani military commander, major general
• Kostemerevsky, Ivan Semenovich - military doctor, writer and journalist.
• Markevich, Vladimir Yeronimovich - Russian and Soviet weapons leader, designer of hunting weapons, writer.
• Mahmoud from Kahab-Roso - cadiy regiment, famous alim , scientist, poet and lyric poet.
• Khalil-Ogly, Labazan-Ibrahim - the first full holder of the Cross of St. George among all non-Christians of the Russian Empire.

• Dagestan police - the date of formation is unknown, but not earlier than 1826; disbanded in 1856 on December 25, 1860 again formed under the name Dagestan Permanent Police (consisting of 10 hundred); finally abolished in 1899
• 82nd Dagestan Infantry Regiment - formed in Temir Khan-Shur on December 16, 1845; March 25, 1864 received No. 82; disbanded in 1918

• Military Encyclopedia / Ed. V.F. Novitsky and others - St. Petersburg. : t. in I.V. Sytin, 1911-1915.
• Kazin V. Kh. Cossack troops. Reference book of the imperial headquarters. Edited by V.K.Shenka. SPb., 1912
• Kozubsky E.I. History of the Dagestan Horse Regiment. Petrovsk, 1909
• Encyclopedia of military and naval sciences. Edited by G. A. Leer. T. III. SPb., 1888
• Ivanov R.N. Adjutant General of His Majesty. The Legend of Hussein-Khan of Nakhichevan. - M .: Heroes of the Fatherland, 2006
• Ismailov E.E. George Knights - Azerbaijanis. - Moscow, 2005