( Giotto , Scrovegni Chapel )
Judas Kiss ( Judas kiss ) - Gospel episode. According to the authors of the gospel, Judas Iscariot , one of the disciples of Jesus Christ , betrayed him. To point to Christ, he came up with a guard and kissed Jesus at night in Gethsemane after praying for the cup . The kiss of Judas in Christianity is one of the Passion of Christ and immediately follows the Gethsemane prayer of Jesus. Judas's kiss is a symbol of betrayal.
Content
Gospel narration
The scene of the kiss of Judas is described by all the evangelists with the exception of John , who only describes the scene of the arrest .
(unknown master, XII century )
| Gospel | Text |
|---|---|
| From Matthew ( Matt. 26: 47-49 ) | ... now Judah, one of the twelve, came, and with him a multitude of people with swords and stakes, from the high priests and elders of the people. But he who betrayed him gave them a sign, saying: Whom I kiss, he is, take him . And immediately approaching Jesus, he said: Rejoice, Rabbi! And he kissed him. |
| From Mark ( Mark 14: 44-45 ) | But he who betrayed him gave them a sign, saying: Whom I kiss, he is, take him and lead him carefully . And having come, he immediately approached Him and said: Rabbi! Rabbi! and kissed him. |
| From Luke ( Luke 22: 47-48 ) | ... in front of him was one of the twelve, called Judas, and he went up to Jesus to kiss Him. For he gave them such a sign: Whom I kiss, He is. Jesus said to him: Judah! Do you kiss the Son of man with kisses? |
Apocryphal literature
The apocrypha “ The Word of the Descent of John the Baptist into Hell ”, dating back to the Byzantine writings of Eusebius of Emesa and Eusebius of Alexandria , describes in detail how the devil pushed Judas to betrayal and the following discussion about his kiss in Gethsemane is carried out:
O kiss full of lawlessness! Oh kiss, disastrous for the soul! Oh concession to fiery hell! The harlot, who kissed the feet of the Lord, cleansed her soul from contamination. This one, having kissed, destroyed his soul. She, kissing, tore the list of her sins, the same, kissing, deleted herself from the books of life. Oh wisdom of a woman! About the foolishness of the student! When she kissed the feet of the Lord, the angels rejoiced and prepared a crown for her, when she kissed, the demons rejoiced and weaved a rope for hanging. [one]
Theological interpretation
( Guido da Siena , 1275-1280)
Researchers of the New Testament note that the kiss, chosen by Judas as a conditional sign for the soldiers, is a traditional greeting from the Jews [2] . Kissing before the betrayal is also known from the Old Testament : the commander of King David Joab before the assassination of Amasay [3] “took ... with his right hand Amasay by the beard to kiss him. Amasai did not shy away from the sword that was in Joab's hand, and he struck it in their stomach ” ( 2 Kings 20: 9-10 ). At the same time, commentators write: “ This action, usually used as an expression of friendship and love, used by Judas as an expression of betrayal, shows in Jude or cunning - the desire and at the very end to hide from Jesus Christ a vile plan against Him, or extreme malice, mockingly using good an instrument for causing extreme harm, or thoughtlessness that does not understand the internal meaning of the actions taken ” [4] .
Theophylact Bulgarian in his interpretation of the Gospel of Luke writes:
Judas set a kiss for those who walked on Jesus, but so that they would not be mistaken because of the night, he indicated not from afar. So that Jesus does not hide, for this they come with lanterns and lamps. What is the Lord? He admits to Himself with this enemy kiss. And thunder arrows did not wake up in the ungrateful and treacherous! Thus, the Savior teaches us non-malignancy in such circumstances. He reproachfully says only: Judah! Do you betray kissing? Can't you be ashamed of the very kind of betrayal? Why do you mix betrayal with a friendly kiss, an enemy matter? And who are you betraying? The Son of Man , that is, humble, meek, condescending, humanized for your sake, and, moreover, the true God. He says this because, until recently, he was flaming with love [5] .
( Cimabue , end of the 13th century )
John Chrysostom in his Discourse “On the betrayal of Judas” writes about the reasons why Judas made a peace sign a sign of betrayal: “ I know who showed you the path of treacherous kissing: the devil inspired you such a hug, and you obey the evil counselor, do his will ” [6] .
In Culture
“The Kiss of Judah” has become an idiom expressing the highest degree of cunning of a person, as well as a symbol of betrayal. [7] In the liturgy in the Orthodox Church, a prayer is read in which the believers ask God to make them a partaker of their Mysteries and promise: "We will not secret thy secret, nor will I kiss the Dam, like Judas, but like a thief I confess Ty ." [eight]
The scene of Judas's kiss is often found in the visual arts, especially in the murals and frescoes of churches, where he is present on passionate cycles in the compositions of the arrest of Jesus.
- Cinema:
- Arman Boer . “The Kiss of Judas” ( French: Le Baiser de Judas ), 1908 (Film Studio Film d'ar )
- Raphael Gil . The Kiss of Judah, 1954
- Sebastian Gutierrez . The Kiss of Judas ( English Judas Kiss ), 1998
- Simes Rhee . “The Kiss of Judas” ( Eng. Judas Kiss ), 2003
- JT Tepnapa . Judas Kiss , 2011
- Music:
- U2 song “ Until the End of the World ” ( Achtung Baby album, 1991 )
- Judas by Depeche Mode ( Songs of Faith and Devotion , 1993 )
- song "The Kiss of Judas" by " Stratovarius " ( Visions album, 1997 )
- song "Judas Kiss" of the band " The Academy Is ... " (EP The Academy Is ... ) 2004
- song "The Judas Kiss" by " Metallica " ( Death Magnetic album, 2008 )
- WASP 's Babylons Burning song ( Babylon album, 2009 )
- song “ Judas ” by Lady Gaga ( Born This Way album , 2011 )
- Kiss Me Judas by William Control ( Silentium Amoris , 2012 )
- song "The Kiss of Judah" by The Korea (album of the Chariot of the Gods , 2012 )
- song "Judah" by rapper Husky (Release Date: 2018)
- Mass culture:
- “The Kiss of Judah.” Quest , 2008
See also
- 30 pieces of silver
- Judas Iscariot
- The Passion of Christ
Notes
- ↑ Word about the descent of John the Baptist into hell Archived on December 11, 2008.
- ↑ The Judgment of Jesus Christ: Theological and Legal Perspective
- ↑ Amessay // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ Michael (Luzin) . Explanatory Gospel T. 1.M., 1870.S. 503
- ↑ Interpretation of Theophylact of Bulgaria on the Gospel of Luke (Unavailable link) . Date of treatment September 4, 2008. Archived February 14, 2009.
- ↑ John Chrysostom. Conversation "On the betrayal of Judah"
- ↑ Kiss (Encyclopedia "Symbols, Signs, Emblems") (inaccessible link) (inaccessible link from 06/14/2016 [1152 days])
- ↑ Translation: “ I will not reveal secrets to your enemies, and I will not give you such a kiss as Judas, but as a robber (who repented on the cross) I believe in you ”
Links
- Wikimedia Commons has media related to Judas Kiss
- Alpatov M.V. Kiss of Judas (article on Giotto's fresco in the Skrovegni Chapel)
- Nikolaeva O. A. Kiss of Judas
- Job (Gumerov). No kisses Dam, like Judas ... on the site Orthodoxy.Ru