Russian Bank for Foreign Trade is a large private commercial bank operating in Russia in 1871-1917.
Content
- 1 History
- 2 Building in St. Petersburg
- 3 notes
- 4 Literature
History
The charter of the bank was approved by Alexander II on June 4 (16), 1871 [1] . The bank’s fixed capital was initially determined at 7.5 million rubles and was allocated to 30 thousand shares of 250 rubles each (§ 3). All shares were distributed between the founders and other shareholders invited by them before the approval of the charter.
In § 1 of the charter, the following founders of the bank were indicated (the order and spelling were preserved).
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The first chairman of the board was E.I. Lamansky . Initially, the bank’s charter allowed it to have branches only abroad, but in 1893 the bank was highly authorized to open branches in the Russian Empire [4] . Before World War I, he shared 3-4 places in Russia with the volume of operations with the Azov-Don Bank . The most important area of activity is lending to trade, including foreign. He financed enterprises in the sugar industry, and participated in banking groups as a junior partner in financing other industries. He participated in the establishment of the Sormovo Plant Society, the Engine Society, financed the 1886 Electric Lighting Society , patronized the Kiev Machine-Building Plant, Electric Power, etc., and controlled the production of 20% sugar.
In 1917, the bank had 61 branches in Russia and 3 - abroad, in terms of share capital (60 million rubles) [5] shared the first place in Russia with the Azov-Don and Petrograd international commercial banks. In the same year, a merger was planned with other major banks in Russia - the Petrograd International Commercial and Russian Commercial and Industrial , which did not take place due to the outbreak of the revolution.
Together with other private banks, it was liquidated (nationalized) by the accession to the State Bank of the Russian Republic by the decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of December 14 (27), 1917 . By a decree of the Council of People's Commissars of January 23 (February 5), 1918, the bank’s share capital, along with the share capital of other private banks, was confiscated in favor of the State Bank of the Russian Federation [6] . The Kiev branch, which appeared on the territory of the Ukrainian People’s Republic , continued its activities until 1919.
Building in St. Petersburg
| Object of cultural heritage of Russia of federal significance reg. No. 781610568310006 ( EGROKN ) (Wikigid database) |
Since 1888, the bank was located in its own building in St. Petersburg on Bolshaya Morskaya Street 32, which was acquired by the bank in 1887-1888. and rebuilt according to the project of the architect V. A. Schreter with the participation of N. Makarov.
The exorbitantly high rent for the apartment and the tightness of the latter forced Sovetsk Russago for foreign trade of the bank to take care of the arrangement of its own premises. Of the houses offered to him, however, not one was suitable for the reconstruction of the bank, and therefore it was decided to build a completely new, specially adapted building on the site of the acquisition, meanwhile, on Bolshaya Morskaya, the house of the town of Stang. On March 30, 1887, the demolition of this house began, and the first stone, at the rear end of the building, was laid on May 27; On the 18th of July a prayer service was served and the front building was laid down - on the 28th of June 1888, that is, after 13 months of non-stop, feverish work, the building was completed and transferred to its destination. [7]
In 1915-1916, at the address: Bolshaya Morskaya Street , d. No. 18 (d. No. 5-7 on Kirpichny Lane , d. No. 63 on the Moika River Embankment ), the construction of the building was started (but not completed because of the revolution ) designed by architects Fyodor Lidval and Leonty Benoit , but the State University of Technology and Design is currently located in this building, completed in 1929-1931.
Notes
- ↑ The Highest Approved Russian Charter for Foreign Trade of the Bank // Complete collection of laws of the Russian Empire , second collection. - SPb. : Printing house of the II branch of His Imperial Majesty's own Chancellery , 1874. - T. XLVI, first branch, 1871, No. 49704 . - S. 805-813 .
- ↑ I.E. - Joseph-Evzel
- ↑ Rosenthal, Leon (Yehuda Leib) Moiseevich // Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron . - SPb. , 1908-1913.
- ↑ The highest approved opinion of the State Council "On changing the Russian charter for foreign trade of the bank" // Complete collection of laws of the Russian Empire , third collection. - SPb. : State Printing House, 1897. - T. XIII, 1895, No. 9597 . - S. 269 .
- ↑ All of Petrograd for 1917, address and reference book of the city of Petrograd. - Petrograd: Partnership of A. S. Suvorin - “New Time”, 1917. - P. 19 of the advertising block. - ISBN 5-94030-052-9 .
- ↑ Decree on the confiscation of the share capital of former private banks // Decrees of the Soviet government: Sat. doc / Institute of Marxism-Leninism under the Central Committee of the CPSU; Institute of History of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR: [multivolume ed.]. - M .: Politizdat, 1957-1997. - T. 1: October 25, 1917 - March 16, 1918 / preparation. S.N. Valk et al . - S. 390-391 . - ISBN 5-250-00390-7 . (ISBN vol. 1 is absent. Tied to: Decrees of the Soviet government: [multivolume]. M., 1957-1997.)
- ↑ Schroeter V. House of the Russian for foreign trade of the bank // Architect. - SPb, 1889, NN3-4. S. 23-30.
Literature
- Russian Bank for Foreign Trade , Soviet Historical Encyclopedia. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia. Ed. E. M. Zhukova. 1973-1982.
- Russian Bank for Foreign Trade // St. Petersburg. Petrograd. Leningrad: Encyclopedic Reference / Ed. Collegium: L. N. Belova, G. N. Buldakov, A. Ya. Degtyarev et al. - Big Russian Encyclopedia, 1992. - 688 p. - ISBN 5-85270-037-1 .
- Shepelev L.E. Joint-stock commercial banks during the First World War // Historical notes. 1963.V. 73