The calf muscle (lat. Musculus gastrocnemius ) is the biceps muscle on the back surface of the human lower leg . It is located above the soleus muscle , with which it is attached to the heel through the thick Achilles tendon .
Content
- 1 Description
- 2 Images
- 3 notes
- 4 References
Description
The calf muscle is formed by two powerful fleshy heads - medial and lateral. The more powerful medial head, caput mediale , starts from the popliteal surface above the medial condyle of the femur, and the lateral head, caput laterale , is symmetrical to it, but slightly lower, above the lateral condyle of the femur. Under each of the tendons of these heads on the condyles are located, respectively, the medial dry tendon bag of the calf muscle, bursa subtendinea m. gastrocnemii medialis and lateral tendon bag of the gastrocnemius muscle, bursa subtendinea m. gastrocnemii lateralis . Their initial sections of the head limit the popliteal fossa from below. Heading down, both heads join together approximately in the middle of the lower leg, and then pass into the common tendon, which, merged with the tendon m. soleus , continues into the massive calcaneus (Achilles) tendon tendo calcaneus (Achillis) , attached to the posterior surface of the calcaneal tubercle. [one]
Functional activity primarily involves the movement of the foot in the sagittal plane and stabilization of the body during movement (walking and running).
With an overstrain of the calf muscle, convulsions can occur in it. In addition, cramps can indicate disorders of their arterial and venous blood supply, as well as a lack of trace elements and insufficient muscle stimulation by nerves. [2] Injury of the gastrocnemius muscle can occur when the load exceeds its capabilities, sometimes from hitting it, as well as from an uncritical, but repetitive load - for example, those involved in running, basketball or football.
The antagonist is the anterior tibial muscle . Each of the heads of the calf muscle is innervated by branches of the tibial nerve , with a root in S1 and S2. The area of the skin of the muscle innervate the nerves from the roots of L4, L5 and S2. [3]
Images
Section in the middle of the left leg, top view ..
The back of the left lower limb.
Calf muscle.
Calf muscle.
Calf muscle.
Notes
- ↑ Medial thigh muscle group - mewo.ru
- ↑ Valentinov S. How to relieve cramps achv gastrocnemius muscle // journal " Science and Life. " - No. 10. - 2007
- ↑ Anatomy of Human Movement = Anatomía y Movimiento Humano: Estructura y funcionamiento. - Paidotribo, 2010.
Links
- The calf muscle // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [30 t.] / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.