Theater (architectural structure)

The main elements of the theater are the stage , the curtain and the . Depending on the types of performances taking place in the theater, elements such as choirs , an , backstage , and ramp may appear.

In general, the theater building should provide good visibility and audibility of what is happening on the stage for all spectator seats.

Greek Theater Facilities

Theater as an architectural structure has always been adapted to the culture and time in which it was built. It arose as a response to the needs of theatrical art - it was necessary to conveniently accommodate a large number of spectators, from the appearance of which the history of the theater as a spectacular art begins. As a special type of building, theaters appear in ancient Greece . At first, the venues for performances were set up in the open air at the foot of the hills without the construction of special structures; only the features of the relief were used. At the bottom of the hill there was a round platform - an orchestra , and on the slopes there were spectators - a theater ( Greek θέατρον ) ^[1] . This feature of the location of the audience seats, preserved in most modern theaters, allowed everyone to see the action taking place. Later, individual parts of the theater building began to be made of wood, periodically changing what was worn out.

Over time, wooden structures began to be replaced by more durable stone ones. They were open structures with an elevation in the center (stage) and rows of seats for spectators, which were located in sectors so that each next row was slightly higher than the previous one. Among the oldest surviving Greek stone amphitheaters are the Theater in Toriko ( Lavrion ) ^{[2] [3]} and the Theater of Dionysos ^[4] .

Ancient Roman Theaters

The Romans borrowed construction methods from the ancient Greeks, but they were less concerned about the place of construction. They were ready to erect walls and terraces instead of looking in the surrounding landscape for a suitable place for the theater.

The audience ( Greek: Auditorium , literally “a place where people listen”) has become a gathering place for people. It was sometimes built on hills or slopes, where it was easier to recreate rows of seats in Greek traditions.

Sometimes wooden theaters were built specifically dedicated to the festivities and were destroyed with their completion.

In the buildings of modern theaters there are also auxiliary and technical rooms.

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  Japanese theater but

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  Indian Theater Building

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  Olympico , the first indoor theater in Europe

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  Model of the Shakespeare Globe Theater in London

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  Experimental theater room

• Odeon

• Theatrical Encyclopedia (Russian) / chapters. Ed .: S. S. Mokulsky and P. A. Markov . - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1961-1965. - 3040 s. - (Theatrical Encyclopedia. In five volumes). - 43,000 copies.