Cremona ( Italian. Cremona , lomb . Cremùna , lat. Cremona ) is a city in the Italian region of Lombardy , the administrative center of the province of the same name .
| Cremona | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Cremona | |||
 | |||
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| A country |  Italy | ||
| Region | Lombardy | ||
| Provinces | Cremona | ||
| History and geography | |||
| Square | 69.7 km² | ||
| Center height | 50 m | ||
| Timezone | UTC + 1 , in the summer UTC + 2 | ||
| Population | |||
| Population | 72,156 people ( 2018 ) | ||
| Density | 1028 people / km² | ||
| Katoykonim | cremonesi | ||
| Official language | Italian | ||
| Digital identifiers | |||
| Telephone code | +39 0372 | ||
| Postcode | 26100 | ||
| Car code | |||
| Isstat | 019036 | ||
| comune.cremona.it (ital.) | |||
Cremona is a small town with a population of 72.2 thousand. It is located on the left bank of the Po River, being a link between the Po Valley and the cities of Piacenza , Mantua , Brescia and Milan . Patron of the city is considered to be St. Gomobon City festival November 13th .
The architecture of Cremona is unique: the medieval Piazza del Comune, the 12th century baptistery , the Romanesque and Gothic cathedral with a 112-meter-high campaign .
An outstanding Italian composer, Claudio Monteverdi, was born in the city. But most of all glory Cremona brought violin masters Amati , Stradivari , Guarneri, Bergonzi.
Nowadays more than 100 violin makers work in Cremona and their products are highly valued by professionals. In 1937, the year of the bicentennial of Stradivari’s death, the school of violins manufacturing was founded in the city, now world-famous. It has 500 students from all over the world.
Content
History
Initially, on the site of modern Cremona was an Etruscan settlement, later conquered by the Celtic tribe of price-lovers . The city was founded by the Romans in about 217 BC. er as an advanced fortress to repel attacks of the Alpine peoples, it was originally a fortified point and municipality . After the Second Punic War, Cremona expanded and flourished. In the year of four emperors ( 68 - 69 years ) the city was almost completely burned by the forces of Mark Antony Prima [1] . When Vespasian began the recovery of Cremona.
In the VII century, the city was conquered and destroyed by the Lombards , soon after which it was inhabited by several Langobard headlights . Gradually, the city regained its economic importance, being in the management of the Lombard dukes. During the years of the Lombard rule, trade began to revive, connected with the port of Komachcho and river navigation on the river Po .
After the conquest of Northern Italy by Charlemagne in Cremona, the authority of the bishop was gradually established: a diploma from 781 granted immunity and a number of rights and privileges of the bishops' church of Cremona. Obtaining a number of important privileges, including the construction of fortifications, the episcopal authority gradually established control over the district of the city. Later, starting from the 11th century, the bishop bore the title of count: the first Count of Cremona was Bishop Ubald (1031-1066), who received this title from his patron, Emperor Conrad II . The central authorities were the curia and the bishop's office. The power of the bishop in the XI century, however, was greatly weakened by the internal protest movement among the local clergy, manifested in the movement of the “patarians” , as well as hidden contradictions with the Roman curia. Of great importance was the reign of Bishop Sicard of Cazalasco (1185-1215), who came from a famous Cremonian family and the author of the Chronicle of Cremona.
Economy
Cremona's economy is deeply associated with agricultural products. In particular, the food industry includes the production of salted meat, sweets ( turron ), vegetable oil, cheese and Italian mustard. Heavy industry includes steelmaking, oil refining. There is one power station. It is an important port for the transportation of goods along the Po River.
Culture
Cremona is home to many stringed musical instruments.
Famous personalities
- Claudio Monteverdi - composer.
- Costanzo Porta is a famous composer, a Franciscan monk.
- Giovanni Beltrami - stone carver.
- Nicolo Amati is a master of making stringed instruments.
- Antonio Stradivarius - master of stringed instruments.
- Andrea Guarneri and his grandson Giuseppe Guarneri (del Gesu) from the Guarneri family - master of the manufacture of bowed instruments.
- Carlo Bergonzi , the ancestor of the Bergonzi family of craftsmen, was a master of stringed instruments, a pupil of P. Guarneri (son of A. Guarneri) and Antonio Stradivari, who had worked in the studio of A. Stradivari for many years, perceiving A. Stradivari’s successor (along with J. Guarneri (del Gesu)). The sound of Bergonzi’s violins resembles the sound of Stradivari’s violins, yielding to him somewhat in nobility and richness of tone.
- Donato Creti ( 1671 - 1749 ), an outstanding Italian painter. [2]Donato Creti
- Pietro Vidoni (1610-1681) - Italian Cardinal.
- Ugo Tognazzi (Italian. Ugo Tognazzi, March 23, 1922, Cremona - October 27, 1990, Rome) - actor of Italian theater and cinema, film director, multiple winner of the Silver Ribbon awards (1964, 1966, 1968, 1982), "David Donatello" (1970, 1976) and others, winner of the Cannes Film Festival (1981). One of the greatest masters of comedy in Italian.
In Astronomy
The asteroid (486) of Cremona was discovered in honor of Cremona. It was discovered in 1902 by the Italian astronomer Luigi Carner .
Other mentions
In honor of Cremona named liquid soap, sold wholesale in canisters of 5 liters.
There are also several types of guitars called “Cremona”.
Twin Cities
- Krasnoyarsk , Russia (2006) [3]
Notes
- ↑ Tacitus. History, III, 34.
- ↑ Italian artist Donato Creti. Biography of the artist.
- ↑ Contacts with foreign cities External relations - the official site of the Krasnoyarsk city administration (Rus.) (English) (German)