Rumyanova, Klara Mikhailovna

Klara Rumyanova was born on December 8, 1929 in Leningrad . When, as a tenth grader, she saw a film with Lyubov Orlova , she firmly decided that she would become an actress. In 1947, Klara moved to Moscow and on the first attempt entered the VGIK , where she studied on the course of Sergei Gerasimov and Tamara Makarova ^[2] . During the entrance exams, she stole all the money, and for several days she went hungry, and during the last round, right in front of the admissions committee, she fainted. Gerasimov then bought her a bar of chocolate and watered hot tea with bread.

In childhood and adolescence, Clara had a completely different voice - very low, viola . She gained the ability to speak in her famous children's voice only in her student years after a serious illness. Klara, like all VGIK students, went to concerts in the suburbs and once caught a cold and nearly died of lobar pneumonia . After lying in the hospital for more than a month, Clara lost her voice. Continued studies at VGIK were in jeopardy. Sergei Gerasimov showed her to the phoniatrist, but he only spread his hands, explaining that Klara has very rare vocal chords and he does not guarantee that she will be able to practice vocal after recovery. For six months Gerasimov forbade Rumyanova to even speak in a whisper, and they communicated through notes. When the voice recovered, Rumyanova suddenly discovered that she could now speak in a very high voice, which would subsequently be remembered by millions of moviegoers. ^[3] In 1953, Clara graduated from VGIK and became an actress in the Studio Theater of the film actor .

She began acting in films while still a student, her film debut took place in a cameo role in the film " Country Doctor " (1951) of the same Gerasimov. However, in the future, Clara played only secondary or episodic roles, never having played the main ones. Her prominent roles were in the films “ Country Doctor ” ( Lena ), “ They were the first ” ( Varya ), “ Four ” ( nurse ), “ Life First ” ( Zoya ), “ Resurrection ” ( Bogodukhovskaya ), “ Time Forward! ” ( Lushka ), “ 12 chairs ” ( wife of Fyodor’s father ). Gradually, roles were offered her less and less, and she almost stopped acting. Presumably, the reason for this was a conflict with Ivan Pyryev - in 1953 , when Pyryev was the general director of Mosfilm , he offered Clara the main role in the film, which he shot in his own script, “ Test of Fidelity, ” but she refused, saying that she likes neither the role nor the script, and that the film, in her opinion, is doomed to failure. A year before his death, Pyryev called Rumyanova and apologized to her for his behavior ^[4] .

For the first time, Klara used her “children's” voice in the voice acting in the same debut film “The Country Doctor ” , where she played the parturient in the plot. While the scene was being prepared, the baby, who was supposed to portray the newborn, fell asleep, and at first they could not wake him for a long time, and then it turned out that it was impossible to make him cry. Then Clara volunteered directly on the site to voice the stage. She so naturally depicted a child’s cry that the child woke up and finally burst into tears, but Sergei Gerasimov, presumably, inserted just the recording of Clara’s voice in the film. After that, Rumyanova secretly became famous for the whole Mosfilm, as an actress capable of screaming in any childish voice, as a result of which, even before downtime, she combined filming in a movie with work in dubbing, where it was mostly small children who spoke in her voice. Then she began to receive the first invitations from the Soyuzmultfilm movie studio , but Klara rejected them, believing that her acting potential was higher than voicing cartoons. However, rare feature-film invitations eventually forced her to agree. Her debut in animation was the cartoon "The Wonderful Garden " (1962). Gradually, during this period, Klara began to collaborate more actively with Soyuzmultfilm, and as a result, during the period when she was completely stopped filming, she gained great popularity as a voice actress and began to record on the radio and perform on stage with children's songs and romances.

Klara Rumyanova became the only actress of the USSR, awarded the honorary title " Honored Artist of the RSFSR " for her work in animation. Despite this, she was very worried about the lack of the opportunity to play in live cinema, because she always considered herself a dramatic actress.

After the collapse of the USSR and the ensuing economic crisis, Rumyanova, like many actors, gradually lost her job (she was cut off in the theater of the movie actor) and only occasionally took part in recording audio fairy tales and audio concerts and in staging radio plays. However, even during this period, she showed strong legibility - the director general of the VOX-Records studio Viktor Trukhan recalled that Rumyanova basically refused to record for audio advertising. Being without work, she wrote several plays, in 2000 she published the book “My Name is a Woman” - the author’s collection of plays written by her about significant female characters in Russian history ( Nadezhda Durova , Ekaterina Dashkova , Evdokia Rostopchina ), for which she received the Pushkin medal.

Klara Mikhailovna spoke negatively about Gorbachev's perestroika , the collapse of the USSR and the policies of President Yeltsin , and remained a staunch supporter of communism for the rest of her life ^[3] .

4 days before her death, the actress rose in the middle of the night, fainted and lay on the floor until the morning before the nurse arrived, as a result of which she developed pneumonia , which completely depleted her body. She refused to the last to be treated with generally available means and was treated on her own. In the last year of her life, she was under the supervision of former actress Olga Gobzeva , who sent patronage nuns to her house. And on September 18, 2004, Klara Rumyanova died. The cause of death, in addition to pneumonia, was breast cancer , which she suffered from in recent years. Rumyanova did not leave any testament, but the general director of the Guild of Film Actors of Russia Valery Gushchina , who was among those who attended her funeral, found among her things a note in which Klara asked her to bury it at the Donskoy cemetery, because she was buried there her mother. In addition to Gushchina, only actor Nikolai Burlyaev attended the funeral.

Family

The personal life of the actress did not work out. The first time Rumyanova got married at the age of 16 to one young pianist . This marriage lasted only three months and broke up when Rumyanova was about to enter the VGIK. The husband made a condition: either he or the movie, after which Clara finally broke off all relations with him. But by that time she was already in her second month of pregnancy, and since abortion was then prohibited in the USSR, Klara secretly made an underground abortion from her parents, which led to infertility.

In VGIK in the first year, her classmate Nikolai Rybnikov fell in love with Clara (while he did not pay attention to his other classmate Alla Larionova , whom he later married and lived with her for 33 years), but Klara, remembering her married experience, as well by virtue of her free character, she did not reciprocate. And when Rybnikov, having spent all his scholarship and even borrowed money from friends, gave her a beautiful gold watch , she hit him in the face, and Nikolai threw the clock out the window. This fact from the life of the actor subsequently became the basis of one of the episodes of the film “ Girls ” , where Rybnikov’s hero breaks and trample on the clock that Tose wanted to give (the role of Nadezhda Rumyantseva ). In her behavior, she repented only when Rybnikov suffered a microstroke two years before his death.

The second husband of Rumyanova was the actor Anatoly Chemodurov , known for the role of Sergei Levashov in the film "The Young Guard " . After the wedding, Chemodurov’s friend Sergei Bondarchuk decided to make a present to the young actress and offered her the role of Princess Mary in the film “ War and Peace ” . Rumyanova began rehearsing, but “on the rights of the director’s best friend’s wife” allowed herself to skip them or be several hours late, argue with the director and make up scandals to make-up artists. Because of the impudent temper of Rumyanova, Bondarchuk had to replace her with Antonina Shuranova .

In the 1960s, Rumyanova began to actively collaborate with Soyuzmultfilm , while Chemodurov became unclaimed and began to drink. When he finally got down to the point that his wife had to rescue him from the police and treat him for binges, Clara could not stand it, and in 1973 they divorced. Rumyanova left her husband everything: a cooperative apartment, a car, furniture.

The third husband of the actress was the sea captain, but this marriage lasted less than five years. ^[4] As a result, until the very death, the actress lived alone.

Cartoons

Soviet films

Дубляж зарубежных фильмов

• 1962 — Фортунат (1960) ^[5] — Мириам (роль Альбертины Саров)
• 1965 — Между рельсами (1964) — Грета (роль Румяны Гайтанджиевы)
• 1965 — Земляничная поляна (1957) — Кристина (роль Лены Бергман) , Биргитта (роль Моники Эрлинг)
• 1965 — Невеста Бубе (1963) — Инес (роль Моники Виты)
• 1966 — Старики на уборке хмеля (1964) — Анежка
• 1966 — Приключения учительницы (1960) — ученица
• 1969 — Агент поневоле (1961) — Ненси (роль Женевьев Кервин)
• 1970 — Квартира (1960) — Мэрджи Макдугал (роль Хоуп Холидей)
• 1970 — Девичий заговор (1969) — Анелька (роль Кристины Сенкевич )
• 1973 — И дождь смывает все следы (1972) — Тео (роль Маркуса Хаге)
• 1975 — Подозрение (1973) — Хофова (роль Славки Будиновой)
• 1978 — Маречек, подайте мне ручку! (1976) — Ева Тыфова (роль Ивы Янжуровой )
• 1986 — Нелегко с мужчинами (1985) — тётя Марта (роль Татьяны Лукьяновой)
• 1994 — Наравне с отцом (1994) — Китти (роль Кэтлин Уилхойт )
• 1998 — Бэйб: Поросёнок в городе (1998) — золотая рыбка
• 1998 — Поли (1998)

Пластинки

• В мире много сказок. М50-44663. 1982
• В стране музыкальных волшебников. Музыкальная сказка. С50-08695. 1977 — Принцесса — К.Румянова
• Происшествие в стране Мульти-Пульти. С50-16611. 1981 — Чебурашка, Заяц — Клара Румянова
• Белочка умелочка, сказка. Торопей, стихотворение. Л Куликов. М52-38915. 1976 — Читает Клара Румянова
• Песенки из радиопередач. Д-00032965. 1973 — песенка Бельчонка
• Петушок в беде Д-00032973. 1972 — К. Румянова
• Ирина Токмакова. Стихи и сказки
• Как щенок был мамой — цыплята, кошка
• Хрупкая веточка. П. Бажов — Читают Пётр Вишняков и Клара Румянова
• Приключения кузнечика Кузи. С50-19895. 1983 — Колибри — Клара Румянова
• Огниво. Прыгуны Г. Х. Андерсен. М50-42467. 1974 — Прыгуны, Блоха — Клара Румянова
• Серебряное копытце. П. Бажов. Д-00032571. 1972 — Читают Клара Румянова и Петр Вишняков
• Алиса в стране чудес. С50-07159. 1976 — Все женские вокальные номера
• Алиса в стране чудес. Песни из музыкальной сказки. С52-08053. 1976 — Песня Алисы, Песня о планах
• Маленькое желтое солнышко. Музыкальная сказка-загадка. Д-00030643. 1971 — Текст Ю. Кушака и И. Мазнина. Б. Рунге, К. Румянова, А. Денисов
• Про великого полоза. П. Бажов. Д-00032573. 1972 — Читают Клара Румянова и Петр Вишняков
• Волшебная палочка. Звуковое сопровождение к диафильму. Д-00026635. 1970 — Читают М. Белоусова, Г. Иванова, К. Румянова Режиссёр В. Скурьят Музыкальное оформление В. Проводиной
• Кот в сапогах. Ш. Перро. Д-30563. 1971 — Принцесса — К. Румянова
• Русачок. Сказки Б. Заходера. Д-00031589. 1972 — Читает К. Румянова
• Пёрышко и лосось, Музыкальная сказка. К. Пино — Пёрышко — Клара Румянова
• Чебурашка. Инсценировка. Э. Успенский. С50-06707. 1976 — Чебурашка — Клара Румянова
• Звуковое сопровождение к диафильмам «Волшебная палочка», «Как Дед Мороз бороду искал»
• Звуковое сопровождение к диафильмам «Малыш и Карлсон, который живет на крыше», «Марсельеза»
• Звуковое сопровождение к диафильмам «Городок в табакерке», «Щелкунчик»
• Звуковое сопровождение к диафильмам «Крокодил Гена и его друзья», «Три поросенка»
• Звуковое сопровождение к диафильмам «Верная Аниска», «Не буду просить прощения»
• Звуковое сопровождение к диафильмам «Не буду просить прощения», «Великий Змей и три богатыря»
• Звуковое сопровождение к диафильмам «Дикие лебеди», «Бременские музыканты»
• Звуковое сопровождение к диафильмам «Умка», «Серебряное копытце»
• Звуковое сопровождение к диафильмам «Мэри Поппинс», «Мэргэн и его друзья»
• Морис Карем. Стихи и песни для детей
• Пропала буква — Марийка — К. Румянова
• Сказка про зайца с чудесными ушами — Рыжехвостик — К. Румянова
• Серая звездочка. Fairy tale. Б. Заходер — читает К. Румянова
• Стихи и песни. А. БАРТО, И. ТОКМАКОВА. (музыка М. Ройтерштейна)
• Волшебная семёрка. Музыкальная сказка
• Перевернутое дерево
• Леонид Куликов — Стихи. Читает Клара Румянова. Д-00032887. 1972
• Леонид Куликов — Стихи. Читает Клара Румянова. Д-00032889. 1972
• Новые приключения в городе поющих светофоров — кот Вася, пес Мекки, Авария — К. Румянова

Музыкальные сказки

• 1981 — « Происшествие в стране Мульти-Пульти » — Чебурашка; Заяц
• 1984 — «Приключения Кузнечика Кузи» — Колибри
• 1979 — «Зайка-почтальон» — Зайка; Лиса

Озвучивание компьютерных дисков

• 2000 — Уроки алгебры 7-8 класс , компания «Кирилл и Мефодий», авторы: Невидимый Д., Невидимая Т. Сертифицировано Министерством Образования РФ.

• Клара Румянова на Аниматор.ру
• RUSKИНО.ru
• Энциклопедия нашего детства 76-82.ru
• Klara Rumyanova and Anatoly Papanov voiced the cartoon “Wait a minute!”: Video No. 1 , video No. 2
• The program "Private History" (May 16, 2015) , the TV channel " Moscow. Trust . "