Zaporizhzhya Tram

Since February 2017, there are 7 tram routes in the city ^[2] :

All routes are served by one depot.

In 1911, in Aleksandrovsk (since 1921 - Zaporozhye), work began on the equipment of an electric tram. A year later, the breeder Niebuhr invited Belgian engineers to arrange a tram service between the city and the Alexandrabad sanatorium ^[8] . Although the mayor, Felix Movchanovsky, considered electric tram a new profitable city enterprise, the tram did not appear in the city. The last time foreign experts came in September 1913 ^[9] .

In the 1930s, large factories were built in Zaporozhye, to which workers were transported by rail.

At the end of 1930, the Ukrainian SSR government decided to establish a tram system in the city of Zaporozhye .

In 1930, tramway construction began from the South Station , through the Shenviz Bridge, the old city, Voznesenovka, and to the Dnieper Hydroelectric Dam. Due to the increased movement and load, during the laying of the rails during the laying of the tramway, the Shenviz bridge was reconstructed and some of its elements were strengthened ^[10] .

The construction of the 11-kilometer line from Freedom Square to the Dnieper Hydroelectric Power Station was completed by Dneprostroy workers.

In the fall of 1931, the 30 best Komsomol members of the city ​​were sent to study in Kharkov to acquire tram driving skills. Equipment for traction substations was sent from Leningrad .

July 17, 1932 began regular traffic along the route "Freedom Square - DneproGES ."

The first tram on the DneproGES-Svobody Square route was conducted by Komsomolets Yakov Kutsevol. On the first day, 10 thousand passengers were transported, the fare was 3 kopecks .

Initially, there were 9 cars in the Tremelectro depot (all of which were on the line), one repair team that served 11 km of tracks ^{[K 1]} .

In October 1932, the second stage was opened - a section from Freedom Square to the South Station .

In 1934, lines were opened along the Dnieper hydroelectric dam and to the Mechanical Repair Plant (RMZ). From the left bank, a double-arch reinforced concrete bridge adjoined the Dnieper hydroelectric station over the lock, along which tram tracks were laid ^[11] .

In 1936, a line was constructed from RMZ to the Chamotte Plant . In 1937, the line was extended to the Dnieper Magnesium Plant . During the year, 25 million passengers were transported.

Since 1938, a line was built from the Diagonal stop to the Northern Highway ^[12] .

In 1940, a line was built on Zeleny Yar ^[13] .

By 1940, the length of tram lines was 75 km ^[14] , the number of cars reached 115 pieces.

Before the war, all cars were biaxial - engine type X and trailed type M, both from the production of the Mytishchi Metrovagonmash and from the Ust-Katavsky car-building plant . Also in the park were old cars from Kiev - motor Nuremberg type 1910s and trailed Kiev type 1920s.

During the war, a military equipment warehouse was organized in a tram depot, which was subjected to intensive bombardment. After the war, the Zaporizhzhya tram economy was most destroyed in comparison with other cities of Ukraine. About 2/3 of all wagons were destroyed; the remaining cars, contact network, rails and sleepers were removed. Tramtrest was temporarily transferred to Vodokanal and was named Tramvodokanal. 35 km of the contact wire and the tram track were restored, the traction substation was commissioned, 10 wagons were repaired on their own, 10 more wagons were received from Kiev and 10 from Kharkov ^[15] . To the place of laying the rails, 7 thousand wooden sleepers were delivered to Voznesenovskaya Gorka.

On February 14, 1944, the Tramtrest enterprise was restored. On October 12, 1944, traffic along the routes "Trampark - Zaporozhye I Station " and "Trampark - Shevchenko Square" ^{[15] [16]} was opened.

As of 1947, the level of service in the tram trust was low - there was no de facto timetable, duty crews threw cars with passengers at the end of the shift, cars often went only to the tram park, and not to the 6th village. According to the schedule, trams ran until 17:00, after 21:00 the traffic almost completely stopped ^{[17] [18]} .

In 1949, new trains KTM-1 / KTP-1 from the city of Ust-Katav arrived in the city; from Kiev used motor and trailer cars; from Moscow - motor cars "F" of the 1910s. release, to which trailed wagons joined.

In 1951, eight more F. cars were transferred from Kiev.

By 1951, the length of the tram lines was 52 kilometers; 8 routes connected the stations and workers' villages with the city center. Every day, 58 passenger cars entered the line. In 1951, the tram fleet was replenished with 17 new cars ^[19] .

In 1955, the route to Pavlo Kichkas through the former 9th and 10th villages ^{[20] [21]} was put into operation.

In 1957, on the balance of the Zaporizhzhya Tram-Trolleybus Department (ZTTU), there were 194 tram cars. In the same year, the design and construction of tram depot No. 2 began.

In 1958, two lines were built:

• along Shevchenko street from the Zelyony Yar ring to the Dneprospetsstal plant;
• from March 8 Street along Ivanova Street to an abrasive plant and a meat factory.

In 1958-1961 Four- axle MTV-82 wagons come from the Riga Car-Building Plant ^[22] , they go one by one.

In 1960, in connection with the construction of the department store "Ukraine", a section of the tram line on Lermontov Street and ul. Truth (Leonid Zhabotinsky). Previously, the line went straight through. The stop “Uzlovaya” has been renamed to “Ukraine Department Store”.

In 1961, depot No. 2 was opened for 100 cars.

In 1961 - 1965, new Ust-Katavian biaxial KTM-2 / KTP-2 wagons arrived ^[22] .

In 1962, 5 KTM-1 / KTP-1 trains were transferred from Kiev ^[22] .

In 1962 - 1964, 9 RVZ-6 cars arrived from the plant ^[22] .

In 1965, 10 RVZ-6 cars were transferred from Kiev, which were transferred to Kharkov the same year ^[22] .

In 1965, one Tatra T3 car came for testing from Kiev , and in 1966 Zaporozhye began a systematic purchase of Czechoslovak rail cars - 30 cars came from the plant. Subsequently, for more than 20 years, only Tatra T3 wagons enter the city.

In 1966, there were 14 routes ^[23] :

In 1968, the line along Teplichnaya Street was extended from DTMZ to the Kremniypolymer plant ^[24] .

By May 1, 1969, the ring near the City Council was moved to the river port. Lenin (at the Dnieper hydroelectric dam) ^[25] .

By 1969, all cars of pre-war models were written off ^[22] .

By 1970, the operation of RVZ-6 cars ^{[K 2] was completed} . In the same year, the cancellation of KTM-1 / KTP-1 and KTM-2 / KTP-2 trains was started ^[22] .

In the 1970s in Zaporozhye operated cars of the following models:

• KTM-1 / KTP-1 (about 70 trains, including those received from the plant and used from Kiev in 1948-1952);
• KTM-2 / KTP-2 (about 50 trains);
• MTV-82 (about 14 cars);
• Tatra T3.

Czechoslovak Tatra T3 initially came only to depot No. 1, and depot No. 2 expanded due to KTM trains, which were transferred from depot No. 1. As elsewhere in the USSR, all Tatra T3 cars bought by the city before the spring of 1976 were two-door, and after - three-door.

In 1971, a line was built on the street. Vereshchagin in the Shevchenkovsky microdistrict ^[26] .

In 1973, a line was built on the street. Lermontov to the Palace of Sports "Youth" ^[27] . With the opening of the line, there was no need to operate the ring near the recreation center of builders and the circus, and it was disassembled.

In 1975, route No. 5 was closed, on which double-cab cars operated ^[28] . The single-track line along Glissernaya Street from Freedom Square to the pier (now the river station) was later used as a railway access road. In the 1990s, new wagons were transported along it, which were delivered by water to the river port .

During the IX five-year plan (1970-1975), 47 tram cars were purchased ^[29] .

In 1980, Tatra T3 wagons began to arrive at Depot No. 2.

By 1981, the operation of MTV-82 cars was completed ^[30] . Most of the wagons were redone in the service, of which 3 are still working ^[31] .

In 1982, the last KTM-2 / KTP-2 trains were decommissioned. The last time they were met on Route 12 in 1989-1990. Cars of this model lasted 10-17 years ^[30] .

In 1986, the last trains KTM-1 / KTP-1 were written off. Periodically, these cars appeared on routes 2,4,6 and 8 until the end of the 1990s. In (2000-2001), the last cars were cut on the territory of tram depot No. 2. Zaporizhia became the last city in the world where KTM-1 / KTP-1 trains were operated. All of them worked for 20–28 years ^[30] .

Since 1987, all wagons operated in Zaporozhye are of Czech manufacture, produced in 1966 - 1986 .

In 1988, depot No. 1 received the first batch of Tatra T6B5 wagons , and in 1991 the second one ^[30] .

Several Czech wagons came in 1992 - 1994 . Zaporozhye is the only Ukrainian city to buy new Tatras in the Czech Republic after 1991 . All of them enter depot No. 1, replacing the old Tatra T3 models. In 1995 and 1996 , after the start of production of the Tatra T6B5 in Dnepropetrovsk at the Yuzhmash plant, the city buys 8 wagons (No. 459-466). In total, 51 Tatra T6B5 wagons entered depot No. 1.

Since 1998, fixed-route taxis begin to compete with the tram.

In 2000, the idea arose to remove the tram from Lenin Avenue in the section from the Ukraina department store to the Lenin port, despite the fact that at rush hour in this section the tram frequency was 41 cars per hour with a carrying capacity of 5832 people. at one o'clock. The elimination of the track section was estimated at about 10 million UAH ^[32] . The mayor, Alexander Polyak , initiated the reconstruction of Lenin Avenue , which included the elimination of the tram line in the section from the Ukraina department store to the port ^[33] .

On September 25, 2002, the Zaporizhzhya City Council adopted a decision “On the termination of the tram traffic on Lenin Avenue” ^[34] .

In 2003, a turning ring was built near the circus ^[35] , route No. 17 “Port named after Lenin - st. Zhukovsky. "

On March 17, 2004, the executive committee of the Zaporizhzhya City Council decided to close the tram traffic along Lenin Avenue in the section from Lermontov Street to the port named after Lenin ^{[37] [34]} . With the closure of the tram line, routes No. 4 and 7 were canceled and route No. 6 was restored, and route No. 10A “Meat processing plant - Freedom Square - Circus” was opened as compensation. By June, routes 10A and 17 were closed ^[38] .

In 2005, the line was closed along Lermontov Street in the section from Pravda Street to the Yunost Sports Palace, routes No. 2, 5 and 6 were reduced to the Circus ring.

During Evgeny Kartashov’s stay at the mayor’s post, 5 tram crossings were reconstructed ^[39] .

In November 2008, depot No. 1 received a new K1 tram worth UAH 2 million (factory number 99032; in 2008, the KPTT-3MP microprocessor drive was installed). December 3, 2008 was commissioned ^[40] .

From April 5, 2011 the fare is 1 UAH. 50 kopecks

As of 2012, Zaporozhye had 10 tram routes with a total length of 203.7 km, served by an average of about 100 tram cars ^[41] .

Significant damage to the rolling stock is caused by vandals. As a result, electric vehicles have to spend significant funds on the repair of damaged trams and trolleybuses ^[42] .

In September 2012, with the financial support of Motor Sich PJSC, 2 trams and a trolley bus were repaired (overhaul of one car cost 400 thousand UAH) ^{[43] [44]} , and in October 2 more trams ^{[45] [46]} .

In August 2013, KP Zaporozhelektrotrans received a grant for the project “Boarded a tram - catch Wi-Fi!” Internet access equipment was installed in 9 trams ^[47] . A year later, the equipment was dismantled ^[48] .

As of June 2014, with the financial support of the Motor Sich enterprise, 14 trams were repaired in the car repair shops of KP Zaporozhelektrotrans. The updated trams were equipped with electronic displays, heated windows, a registrar and a video surveillance system ^[49] .

Since November 2014, composters returned to Zaporozhye trams due to a lack of conductors. Now passengers will have to compost coupons not only in trolleybuses, but also in trams ^[50] .

On July 25, 2014 at a meeting of the Executive Committee of the City Council, a fare for electric vehicles was approved in the amount of 2 hryvnias for a period of three months. In October 2014, this tariff was approved on an ongoing basis. ^{[51] [52]}

Since December 15, 2016, route No. 14 has been extended from the Freedom Square stop to the Circus stop.

Since July 2017 , the Steel Rolling Plant tram stop was renamed the Foundry and Mechanical Plant in connection with the liquidation of the Steel Rolling Plant and the formation of the Zaporizhzhya Foundry and Mechanical Plant.

On July 27, 2017, the first T3UA-3 tram (No. 716), assembled on the basis of KP Zaporozhelektrotrans ^[53] , entered the line.

Since November 1, 2017, by decision of the Executive Committee of the Zaporizhzhya City Council of October 20, 2017 No. 631, the fare in electric vehicles increased from 2 hryvnia to 3 hryvnia ^[54] .

In October 2016, work began on the overhaul of tram cars with the replacement of bodies based on ZKPEGET Zaporozhelektrotrans ^[55] .

In March 2017, the winner was determined with whom an agreement was signed for the supply of bodies worth 4.3 million each ^{[56] [57]} .

On March 31, 2017, the company entered the first with four T3UA-3 tram bodies ^[58] , and on May 17, 2017, the second ^[59] .

The manufacture of a new car costs the company "Zaporozhelektrotrans" about 6 million hryvnia. The components are manufactured by Zaporozhelektrotrans specialists, and the body and glass of the front and rear masks of the cars at the Kalush plant of construction vehicles in Ivano-Frankivsk region ^{[60] [61]} .

On May 30, 2017, tests of the first T3UA-3 tram began ^[62] .

On July 27, 2017, the first T3UA-3 tram (No. 716) entered line ^{[63] [64]} .

The second tram (No. 774) entered the line on October 31 ^[65] , the third (No. 768) on December 15 ^[66] , the fourth (No. 797) went on trial in different modes on December 29, 2017, and from January 2, 2018, after signing the test certificates, the car works on the line for the transport of passengers ^{[67] [68]} .

On July 30, 2018, the first 3 of 12 Tatra KT4DtM wagons from Berlin arrived in Zaporozhye, which, after overhaul and replacement of trolleys with a gauge of 1524 mm, will go to the city's routes ^{[69] [70]} .

On September 18, 2018, the first European Tatra KT4D (Tatra KT4DtM) tram (No. 002) entered the line for testing, and on September 27, 2018, operation on passenger routes began ^[71] . On October 12, 2018, the following two Tatra KT4D (Tatra KT4DtM) trams (No. 003 and 004) took route No. 3 ^[72]

• Tram depot number 1
  • Address: st. School, 2
• Tram depot number 2
  • Address: st. Liza Chaykina
  • Opened in 1961, mothballed since August 20, 2012
  • At the time of the termination of work, it served routes No. 5, 6, 8, 16. The total output did not exceed 25-30 wagons.

     Existing routes      Canceled or closed routes

Starting November 1, 2017, the fare is 3.00 hryvnias ^[80] . Starting November 1, 2018, the fare is 4.00 hryvnias ^[81] .

The fare is paid to the conductor, and in his absence - to the driver. The ticket must be validated with a composter . For the preferential category of the population a free ticket is issued with a red line that crosses the ticket diagonally.

• Electric Transport of Ukraine: Encyclopedic Guide / Sergey Tarkhov , Kost Kozlov, Aare Olander. - Kiev: Sidorenko V. B., 2010 .-- 912 p.: Ill., Schemes. - ISBN 978-966-2321-11-1 . (Ukrainian)
• N. Kuzmenko, N. Mikhailov. Zaporozhye and Cossacks . - Zaporozhye: Tandem-U, 2005 .-- 336 p. - 5,000 copies. - ISBN 966-7482-49-9 .
• N. Kuzmenko, N. Mikhailov, V. Chornolutsky, N. Lomonos, I. Esterkin, T. Ovsyanikov. New Zaporozhye: a chronicle of the development of a big city. 1921-2006. - Dnepropetrovsk: ART-PRESS, 2006. - 216 p. - 3000 copies. - ISBN 966-348-059-9 .
• Zhigalov A.K., Peshanov V.F. Dovidnik // Zaporizhzhia : Traveler. - Dnipropetrovsk: Promin, 1967.

• Site KP "Zaporozhelektrotrans" .
• Zaporozhye . TransPhoto .
• Zaporozhye tram (neopr.) . Zaporizhzhya trolley bus .
• Zaporizhzhia (neopr.) . AllTransUA .
• Zaporozhye (neopr.) . Urban Transport Networks .
• ZKPME "Zaporizhzhelectrotrans" (neopr.) . Phototrans .
• Zaporozhye (neopr.) . Tram cars .
• Forum on the site "Transport of Zaporozhye"
• Zaporizhzhya tram on the site "Gorelectrotrans" (neopr.) . Archived January 31, 2013.