Bachman is a Kipchak from the Alburlik tribe [1] (Olbury). He fought against the Mongols after the capture of Batu most of the eastern Polovtsian steppe ( Western campaign of the Mongols ). The uprising ended unsuccessfully for Bachman, he was captured by the Mongols and executed.
Some researchers, relying on an unclear dating of these events in the Jami at-tawarih Rashid al-Din , attribute the military operations of the Mongols against Bachman to 1237 , to the time before the Mongol army invaded Russia . But the Persian historian Juvaini places the story about Bachman separately from the stories about the conquest of the Volga Bulgaria and Russia, therefore it is more likely to attribute the speech of Bachman to 1238 - 1239 , when the Mongols suppressed the uprisings of the Mordovians and Kipchaks [2] .
Against Bachman, the best Mongol forces were sent - the Tumens of Sub- Eday and Munke . According to Juvaini [3] , the Mongols overtook Bachman on one of the Volga islands, having raided 200 ships, each of which had a hundred soldiers of the Mongolian forces. The Kipchak army was destroyed, and Bachman was captured and brought to Munke, who, according to the chronicles, began to ask to kill him with his own hands [3] . Munke-khan did not do this, and his brother Buchek executed the captive, chopping him into two [3] .
Bachman's name is mentioned in several Nogai legends. Bachman is considered the ancestor of Boschman - the Kipsak Bashkirs .
Notes
- ↑ Rashid ad-Din. Collection of annals. T. 2. (Html). Rashid Ad-Din. Collection of annals. T. II, Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1960 .. hrono.ru. Date of treatment May 31, 2011. Archived March 16, 2012.
- ↑ Khrapachevsky R.P. The Great Western Campaign of the Genghisides on the Bulgar, Rus and Central Europe (Html). Genghis Khan military power . Date of treatment May 31, 2011.
- ↑ 1 2 3 ALA AD-DIN ATA-MELIK JUWAINI. III, 9. The story of Bachman and its destruction (Html). The history of the conqueror of the world (according to publication: A collection of materials related to the history of the Golden Horde. M. , 1941 ) . Oriental Literature - a library of texts of the Middle Ages. - “The Story of the Kipchak Bachman” .. Date of treatment May 31, 2011. Archived March 16, 2012.
Sources and Literature
- Iakinf (Bichurin N.Ya.) . The history of the first four khans from the house of Genghisov // History of the Mongols. - M .: AST: Transitbook, 2005 .-- S. 7-234 . - ISBN 5-17-031003-X .
- From the “History of the Conqueror of the World” Juvaini // Collection of materials related to the history of the Golden Horde / Transl. V. G. Tiesenhausen . - M .: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1941. - T. 2 . - S. 20-24 . Archived December 3, 2011.
- Ollsen T. T. Prelude to Western Campaigns: Mongol Military Operations in the Volga-Ural Region in 1217-1237 = Prelude to the Western Campains: Mongol Military Operations in the Volga-Ural Region, 1217-1237 // European Steppes in the Middle Ages : Sat scientific works. - Donetsk: DonNU, 2008. - T. 6: Zolotordynsky time . - S. 351-362 .
- Rashid ad-Din . Collection of annals / Translation from Persian by Yu. P. Verkhovsky, edited by Professor I.P. Petrushevsky. - M., L .: Publishing house of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1960. - T. 2. - S. 37-38.
- Khrapachevsky R.P. The Great Western Campaign of Genghisides to the Bulgar, Rus and Central Europe // Military Power of Genghis Khan . - M .: AST, 2005 .-- 557 p. - (Military Historical Library). - ISBN 5170279167 .